{"id":27346,"date":"2021-01-22T03:39:57","date_gmt":"2021-01-21T23:39:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=27346"},"modified":"2021-01-22T13:55:39","modified_gmt":"2021-01-22T09:55:39","slug":"xristianlar-atillanin-xacina-sitayis-edirl%c9%99r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=27346","title":{"rendered":"Xristianlar Atillan\u0131n xa\u00e7\u0131na sitayi\u015f edirl\u0259r"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Tanr\u0131\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q (Tenqri\u00e7ilik) q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin dini idi. Kosmik Tengri kultuna \u0259saslan\u0131rd\u0131. Orxon-Yenisey adl\u0131 T\u00fcrk \u0259lifbas\u0131nda ilk olaraq «Tengri» s\u00f6z\u00fc oxundu. «Tengri» s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259nas\u0131 iki hecada «tan» — \u015f\u0259f\u0259q, dan v\u0259 «ra» — g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t oldu\u011fu barad\u0259 bir versiya var. Yaln\u0131z bu dinin \u0259ks-s\u0259dalar\u0131 biz\u0259 g\u0259lib \u00e7at\u0131b.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7in m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri V \u0259srd\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda Tenqri kultunun meydana \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edir. E.\u0259. dig\u0259r m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r Tenqrianizmin bir ne\u00e7\u0259 min il \u0259vv\u0259l ortaya \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edir. T\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131 Tenqri s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00fcxt\u0259lif l\u0259hc\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u201cT\u0259\u015fr, Tenqer, Tura, Danir, Dand\u0131r, Donar\u201d dey\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz edirl\u0259r. T\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259 Tengrinin Burhan adl\u0131 el\u00e7isi var idi. Q\u0259dim T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, m\u00f6vcud olan h\u0259r \u015fey Tenqriy\u0259 tabedir — s\u0259man\u0131n t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm\u00fc, kainat\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 C\u0259nn\u0259t ruhu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. G\u00f6y ata, yer ana idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Tanr\u0131s\u0131 mehriban v\u0259 s\u0259rt ola bil\u0259r, xilas ed\u0259r, c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131r, o h\u0259r \u015feyi g\u00f6r\u0259n, h\u0259r \u015feyi bil\u0259ndir. Yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 c\u0259za insan\u0131n \u00f6z h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6y\u00fck Tenqri h\u0259r insan\u0131n \u00f6z \u0259ll\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 c\u0259nn\u0259t v\u0259 ya c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259m yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259dir. H\u0259r \u015fey yaln\u0131z insan\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n, davran\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 bir insanda, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259, g\u00f6z\u0259l s\u00f6zl\u0259r deyil, yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259ri qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilirdi. Q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk dininin qanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 yalan v\u0259 x\u0259yan\u0259t, bir m\u0259nal\u0131 olaraq t\u0259hqir hesab olunurdu. X\u0259yan\u0259td\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n insanlar ya\u015famamal\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259sill\u0259r\u0259 sahib olmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar (\u00c7ingiz Xan xainl\u0259ri n\u0259sill\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 m\u0259hv edirdi, y\u0259ni mill\u0259ti \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f n\u0259sill\u0259rd\u0259n t\u0259mizl\u0259yirdi).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altay m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tind\u0259 Humay-qad\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c prinsipi, Humay Tenqrinin ilahi m\u0259rh\u0259m\u0259tiyl\u0259 insanlara m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131q, firavanl\u0131q, rifah g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. T\u00fcrkl\u0259r onu quca\u011f\u0131nda bir k\u00f6rp\u0259 il\u0259 t\u0259svir edirdil\u0259r. Arxeoloqlar Humay t\u0259svirini Altay abid\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 tapd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0259bii ki, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r ilkin teoloji bilikl\u0259r\u0259 sahib idil\u0259r, Tanr\u0131 ad\u0131na dualar t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259 oxunurdu. IV \u0259srd\u0259 Roma h\u00f6kmdarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 Avropadak\u0131 antik d\u00f6vr sona \u00e7atd\u0131, onu Orta \u0259srl\u0259r m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259di. Tenqri t\u00fcrk t\u0259kallahl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yerin\u0259 yeni dinl\u0259r g\u0259ldi: Buddizm, Xristianl\u0131q, \u0130slam v\u0259 t\u00fcrk t\u0259kallahl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u0259saslanan dig\u0259r dinl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M. Aci «Asiya Avropa» kitab\u0131nda maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar verir. 312-ci ild\u0259n b\u0259ri Avropada ilk xristianlar 8-ci \u0259sr\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r t\u00fcrk ikonlar\u0131na (aikene) istinad ed\u0259r\u0259k t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 xristian dualar\u0131n\u0131 oxudular. \u0130lk yepiskoplar v\u0259 papalar t\u00fcrkl\u0259r idil\u0259r; T\u00fcrk kahinl\u0259rind\u0259n, D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259ki Tenqri\u00e7l\u0259r v\u0259 Kamlardan \u0259mr v\u0259 xeyir-dua al\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

IV \u0259srd\u0259n Xristian Kils\u0259l\u0259rinin Patriarxal taxt\u0131 orada yerl\u0259\u015firdi. Avropal\u0131lar «H\u0259nifl\u0259rd\u0259n» (T\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259n) G\u00f6y Tanr\u0131ya inanma\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 Ona ibad\u0259t etm\u0259yi \u00f6yr\u0259ndil\u0259r. Daha sonra T\u00fcrk inanc\u0131na k\u00fcfr, ard\u0131c\u0131llar\u0131na — kafir ad\u0131 verildi. \u0130nkvizisiya d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n b\u0259ri «kafir» elan edil\u0259n T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin inanc\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 kils\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259srl\u0259rdir boyu davam ed\u0259n bir t\u0259qibi var.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tenqrianizmin m\u0259n\u0259vi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin simvolu b\u0259rab\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259ri olan bir xa\u00e7 idi, bu i\u015far\u0259 «Aci» (A\u00e7) adlan\u0131rd\u0131. Arxeoloqlar tez-tez t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin d\u0259fnind\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131ldan v\u0259 ya d\u0259mird\u0259n d\u00fcz\u0259ldilmi\u015f xa\u00e7lara rast g\u0259lirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xa\u00e7\u0131 \u00f6z bayraqlar\u0131nda Avropaya g\u0259tir\u0259n T\u00fcrk-Hunlar idil\u0259r. Arkaim qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131ndan xa\u00e7 r\u0259mzinin xristian dinin\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259mi\u015fd\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu bilinir. Q\u0259rib\u0259dir ki, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, indi d\u0259 qazax q\u0259bil\u0259si olan Kereyl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn q\u0259dim zamanlardan b\u0259ri xa\u00e7 emblem olaraq qal\u0131r (tanba).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Xa\u00e7 Hunlar\u0131n bayraqlar\u0131nda \u0259ks olunmu\u015fdu v\u0259 sonra Konstantinin bayraqlar\u0131na ke\u00e7di. Art\u0131q qeyd olundu\u011fu kimi, «yurd \u015fan\u0131ra\u011f\u0131nda» bir xa\u00e7 i\u015far\u0259si var. T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Kilis\u0259l\u0259ri (M\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259r) B\u00f6y\u00fck K\u00f6\u00e7 zaman\u0131 Avropada peyda olub, planl\u0131 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 xa\u00e7 \u015f\u0259kld\u0259 (qaz\u0131nt\u0131lara g\u00f6r\u0259). T\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131, M. Aciy\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Tanr\u0131ya m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yollarla m\u00fcraci\u0259t etdil\u0259r: Tenqri, Tanr\u0131 (Bojat), Ala (Alla, Eloy) Xoday (Koday, Kuday), Qozbodi (Qospodi).Q\u0259dim yakutlar aras\u0131nda «Xuday» s\u00f6z\u00fc Farslar aras\u0131nda «Xuday» s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n daha \u0259vv\u0259l m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015fdur. Bu, bu s\u00f6z\u00fcn t\u00fcrkc\u0259 oldu\u011funu s\u00fcbut edir. Tanr\u0131ya mal k\u0259sm\u0259k \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 qurban k\u0259silirdi, dualar oxunurdu. Namaz\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259di m\u0259hsul, mal-qaran\u0131n rifah\u0131, sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131, insanlar\u0131n a\u011fl\u0131, \u0259dal\u0259tli bir i\u015fd\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259k idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkl\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n d\u00fcnyan\u0131 «Yer Sub», «Yer-Su» adland\u0131rd\u0131lar. Onun insan h\u0259yat\u0131ndak\u0131 m\u0259rk\u0259zi m\u00f6vqeyi vur\u011fulan\u0131rd\u0131, h\u0259r k\u0259s \u00f6z Torpaq-Suyunu (V\u0259t\u0259nini) Tanr\u0131 kimi m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s say\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 onu m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s bir \u015fey kimi qoruyurdu.Tonyukukun \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 Orxon kitab\u0259sind\u0259n R.N. Bezertinov bu s\u00f6zl\u0259ri misal g\u0259tirir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

«Tenre, Humay (tanr\u0131\u00e7a), m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Yer-Sub» — bax bu onlard\u0131r, q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 b\u0259x\u015f etdil\u0259r.» G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, Su yer, S\u00fcmer v\u0259 \u015eumer bir tanr\u0131 olaraq yaran\u0131r. M. Aciy\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Pasxa \u015firniyyatlar\u0131, boyal\u0131 yumurta, Yeni il a\u011fac\u0131, \u015eaxta baba — bunlar ham\u0131s\u0131 Tenqri\u00e7iliyin ke\u00e7mi\u015f atributlar\u0131d\u0131r, lakin bir az f\u0259rqli m\u0259nalar da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin «Narduqan» t\u0259tili — 25 dekabrda g\u00fcn uzanma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r — n\u0259d\u0259ns\u0259 orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Avropada M\u0259sihin do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. M\u0259sihin do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 din xadiml\u0259ri aras\u0131nda m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olsa da. T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Tenqrizm m\u0259rasiml\u0259ri daha sonra xristian dinin\u0259 daxil oldu, lakin sonrak\u0131 m\u0259zmunu d\u0259yi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q\u0259dim Normandlarda T\u00fcrk T\u0259ktanr\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etdil\u0259r. \u00c7uva\u015f v\u0259 Xakaslarda oldu\u011fu kimi Tanr\u0131n\u0131, Donar, Danq\u0131r, Tor adland\u0131rd\u0131lar. Dig\u0259r dinl\u0259rin g\u0259li\u015fi il\u0259 Tengri\u00e7ilik devrilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131 v\u0259 sonra r\u0259smi olaraq yeni dinl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z olundu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tengri\u00e7ilik l\u0259yaq\u0259ti ondan ibar\u0259t idi ki, inancl\u0131 T\u00fcrk Tengrid\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l \u00f6z h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u015f\u0259xs\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn cavabdeh oldu\u011funu ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. G\u00fcnahlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 dua etmir, g\u00fcnahlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 cavabdeh oldu\u011funu anlay\u0131rd\u0131. Yaln\u0131z yax\u015f\u0131 niyy\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Tenqrid\u0259n k\u00f6m\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259rdi. T\u00fcrk, Tengriy\u0259, atalar\u0131n\u0131n Tanr\u0131lar\u0131na v\u0259 ruhlar\u0131na inan\u0131rd\u0131 ki, onlar yax\u015f\u0131 \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259ri v\u0259 niyy\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 ona k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259r. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rd\u0131r, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259qqiy\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259yir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li>
  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Tenqri\u00e7il\u0259r, ruhanil\u0259rin verdiyi t\u0259limatlarla ya\u015fam\u0131r, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n sonu v\u0259 c\u0259nn\u0259t il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar ita\u0259tkarl\u0131q t\u0259l\u0259b olunmur, insan daim h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259td\u0259dir v\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn c\u0259nn\u0259t yarad\u0131rlar. Tenqri inanc\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00fc m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Yer-Su-yu, \u0259traf m\u00fchiti yaratma\u011fa, qoruma\u011fa s\u00f6vq edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda Tenqri inanc\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fk\u0259nlik, n\u0259ciblik, xeyirxahl\u0131q v\u0259 yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259r c\u00fcr mane\u0259nin f\u0259th edilm\u0259si ruhunu y\u00fcks\u0259ldir. Bu ruh f\u0259th edilmi\u015f xalqlara \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259, \u0259dal\u0259tli \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 dig\u0259r xalqlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u00f6rm\u0259t edilirdi, bu \u0259dal\u0259t, onlar\u0131n inanc\u0131ndan g\u0259lirdi. Tenqri\u00e7ilik dini, yeni Buddizm, Xristianl\u0131q v\u0259 \u0130slam dinl\u0259rinin yaranmas\u0131nda v\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck rolu oynayaraq dini leksikondan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tenqri\u00e7ilik dini yaln\u0131z ki\u00e7ik xalqlar aras\u0131nda qorunub saxlan\u0131ld\u0131: yakutlar, Altay t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri, teleutlar, tunguslar v\u0259 dig\u0259r q\u0259bil\u0259l\u0259r. J.Jakupovun yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na (\u015eahzad\u0259 «\u015ealakazak») g\u00f6r\u0259: «Buddizm v\u0259 sintoizmi birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n yaponlar kimi, qazaxlar da \u00f6z \u0130slam-Tenqri \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini yaratd\u0131lar.» Qazaxlar Tenqri\u00e7ilikd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n bir \u00e7ox \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259rasiml\u0259ri qoruyub saxlam\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Tanr\u0131\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q (Tenqri\u00e7ilik) q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin dini idi. Kosmik Tengri kultuna \u0259saslan\u0131rd\u0131. Orxon-Yenisey adl\u0131 T\u00fcrk \u0259lifbas\u0131nda ilk olaraq «Tengri» s\u00f6z\u00fc oxundu. «Tengri» s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259nas\u0131 iki hecada<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":27351,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27346","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27346"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27352,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27346\/revisions\/27352"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27351"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}