{"id":29190,"date":"2021-02-11T03:36:34","date_gmt":"2021-02-10T23:36:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=29190"},"modified":"2021-02-11T03:38:05","modified_gmt":"2021-02-10T23:38:05","slug":"isgalci-ruslarin-d%c9%99rsini-ver%c9%99n-s%c9%99f%c9%99vi-hokmdari-ii-sah-abbas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=29190","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131 Ruslar\u0131n d\u0259rsini ver\u0259n S\u0259f\u0259vi h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 — II \u015eah Abbas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n orta \u0259srl\u0259r tarixinin \u0259n parlaq d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n 7-ci h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 II \u015eah Abbasla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ox\u0259srlik Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik tarixinin \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri v\u0259 m\u00fcbahis\u0259siz, birincisi S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131 hesab olunur. 1501-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u00f6vl\u0259t xadimi, s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259si, \u015fairi I \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l\u0131n qurdu\u011fu v\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n q\u00fcdr\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n birin\u0259 \u00e7evirdiyi S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131 m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyimizin \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc istinad\u0131 kimi q\u0259bul olunmaqdad\u0131r.

M\u0259hz Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrk tayfa birlikl\u0259rinin birba\u015fa i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 yarad\u0131lan v\u0259 olduqca m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b tarixi \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 236 il \u0259rzind\u0259 m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu saxlam\u0131\u015f S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131 bu co\u011frafiyada n\u00f6vb\u0259ti d\u00f6n\u0259ml\u0259rd\u0259 qurulmu\u015f d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259zsiz baza kimi \u00f6z aktuall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 he\u00e7 vaxt itirm\u0259yib. T\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyil ki, S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131ndan sonra yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan \u018ff\u015far \u0130mperiyas\u0131 (1736-1796) v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Qacariyy\u0259 D\u00f6vl\u0259ti (1796-1925) ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l\u0131n qurdu\u011fu s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tin h\u00fcdudlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, geni\u015fl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcbl\u0259r.

S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n ilk h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 I \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131ldan (1501-24) ba\u015flayaraq, x\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259ri — T\u0259hmasib \u015eah (1524-76), II \u015eah \u0130smay\u0131l (1576-78), \u015eah M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Xudab\u0259nd\u0259 (1578-87) v\u0259 I \u015eah Abbas (1587-1629) d\u00f6n\u0259ml\u0259rinin tarixi saray salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yet\u0259rinc\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131naraq g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259sill\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb. Lakin I \u015eah S\u0259finin (1629-42) hakimiyy\u0259ti ill\u0259rind\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259 d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015f\u0259n b\u00f6hran o ill\u0259rd\u0259 sarayda v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 c\u0259r\u0259yan etmi\u015f prosesl\u0259rin tarix\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si i\u015fini d\u0259 arxa plana ke\u00e7irib. O s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n, XVII \u0259srin 30-cu ill\u0259rind\u0259n sonra S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n tarixi v\u0259 onun h\u00f6kmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 dair m\u0259lumatlar s\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 xeyli azd\u0131r. Bununla bel\u0259, b\u0259zi tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin v\u0259 \u0259cn\u0259bi s\u0259yyahlar\u0131n qeydl\u0259ri S\u0259f\u0259vi tarixinin qeyd olunan d\u00f6n\u0259min\u0259 aid, az da olsa, t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr yaranmas\u0131na imkan verir. Lakin b\u00fct\u00fcn hallarda vur\u011fulanmal\u0131d\u0131r ki, o d\u00f6vr\u0259 dair \u0259ld\u0259 olan m\u0259lumatlar ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 epizodlar\u0131 \u0259ks etdirir v\u0259 sistemli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259yib.

I \u015eah Abbasdan sonra taxta ke\u00e7\u0259n n\u0259v\u0259si I \u015eah S\u0259fi (1629-42) d\u00f6n\u0259mind\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131nda n\u00f6vb\u0259ti b\u00f6hran yarand\u0131 v\u0259 s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fdi. Bunun \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bi I \u015eah S\u0259finin m\u0259nfi \u015f\u0259xsi keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259rini ba\u015fl\u0131-ba\u015f\u0131na buraxmas\u0131 idi. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 I \u015eah Abbas\u0131n vaxt\u0131nda qazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f h\u0259rbi-siyasi-iqtisadi u\u011furlar ard-arda itirildi. S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259rbind\u0259ki \u0259razil\u0259r yenid\u0259n Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin i\u015f\u011fal\u0131na m\u0259ruz qald\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259tta Ba\u011fdad da t\u0259krar osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259tin\u0259 ke\u00e7di. Eyni zamanda, \u0259vv\u0259l imperiyan\u0131n ucqarlar\u0131nda qalxan \u00fcsyanlar t\u0259dric\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259tin m\u0259rk\u0259zi \u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 yay\u0131lma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131 v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 xaotik v\u0259ziyy\u0259t yarand\u0131. \u0130qtisadiyyat\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n x\u0259zin\u0259nin bo\u015falmas\u0131, korrupsiyan\u0131n g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u0259murlar\u0131n\u0131n yarars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015f qald\u0131ran probleml\u0259rin h\u0259llin\u0259 imkan vermirdi. B\u00f6hran\u0131n son h\u0259dd\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir vaxtda I \u015eah S\u0259fi ke\u00e7irdiyi qeyri-sa\u011flam h\u0259yat t\u0259rzinin n\u0259tic\u0259si olaraq, 1642-d\u0259 ild\u0259 d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdi v\u0259 onu S\u0259f\u0259vi taxt\u0131nda o\u011flu II \u015eah Abbas \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259di.

II \u015eah Abbas 1632-ci ilin dekabr\u0131nda \u0130sfahanda do\u011fulub. Qaydalara uy\u011fun olaraq, dig\u0259r \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259r kimi saray\u0131n h\u0259r\u0259mxanas\u0131nda saxlan\u0131b v\u0259 orada ilk t\u0259lim-t\u0259rbiy\u0259ni al\u0131b. 1642-ci ild\u0259 atas\u0131 I \u015eah S\u0259finin q\u0259fil \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc h\u0259m d\u00f6vl\u0259tin, h\u0259m d\u0259 Abbas\u0131n taleyind\u0259 yeni s\u0259hif\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131r. I \u015eah S\u0259finin S\u0259f\u0259vi n\u0259slinin ki\u015fi cinsind\u0259n olan b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcmk\u00fcn varisl\u0259ri amans\u0131zl\u0131qla q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirm\u0259si 10 ya\u015fl\u0131 Abbas\u0131n taxta \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131n\u0131 lab\u00fcdl\u0259\u015fdirir.

T\u0259bii, 10 ya\u015fl\u0131 \u015fah\u0131n atas\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131r v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 q\u0259bul etdiyi \u00f6lk\u0259ni n\u0259inki tezlikl\u0259 dir\u00e7\u0259ltm\u0259k, he\u00e7 normal idar\u0259 etm\u0259k imkan\u0131 da yox idi. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 II \u015eah Abbas\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259 oldu\u011fu ilk ill\u0259rd\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259ri il\u0259 saray \u0259yanlar\u0131 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdular. T\u0259dric\u0259n hakimiyy\u0259t ipl\u0259rini \u00f6z \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7ir\u0259n g\u0259nc \u015fah S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n yenid\u0259n aya\u011fa qalxmas\u0131 istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 q\u0259ti h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 ke\u00e7ir. 1647-ci ild\u0259 imperiyan\u0131n \u015f\u0259rq h\u00fcdudlar\u0131na m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m basq\u0131nlar ed\u0259n mo\u011follara qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259rbi haz\u0131rl\u0131qlara ba\u015flayan II \u015eah Abbas bu i\u015fl\u0259ri u\u011furla tamamlay\u0131r v\u0259 n\u00f6vb\u0259ti il i\u015f\u011fal alt\u0131nda olan Q\u0259nd\u0259har\u0131 azad etm\u0259yi bacar\u0131r.

Bu u\u011furdan sonra II \u015eah Abbas regiondak\u0131 prosesl\u0259ri d\u00fczg\u00fcn d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndir\u0259r\u0259k, g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259 olan Rusiya d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin c\u0259nuba do\u011fru geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259k planlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 imkan verm\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn q\u0259ti add\u0131mlar at\u0131r. Rus kazaklar\u0131n\u0131n S\u0259f\u0259vi tacirl\u0259rin\u0259 h\u0259m \u015eimali Qafqazda, h\u0259m d\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizind\u0259 m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m basq\u0131nlar\u0131, eyni zamanda Rusiyan\u0131n o b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 yeni qalalar in\u015fa etm\u0259k t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcsl\u0259ri II \u015eah Abbas\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259sm\u0259yin vacibliyin\u0259 inand\u0131rd\u0131. Ruslar\u0131n Terek \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n sahilind\u0259 — S\u0259f\u0259vi h\u00fcdudlar\u0131na \u00e7ox yax\u0131n \u0259razid\u0259 Sunca qalas\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259rpa etm\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirm\u0259l\u0259ri iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda m\u00fcharib\u0259ni qa\u00e7\u0131lmaz z\u0259rur\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evirdi.

S\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcfuz zonas\u0131na m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 ed\u0259n Rusiya bu h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tinin qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n cavabs\u0131z qalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilirdi. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n m\u00fcharib\u0259 haz\u0131rl\u0131qlar\u0131na ba\u015flayan rus d\u00f6vl\u0259ti \u015eimali Qafqazda v\u0259 ona biti\u015fik \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259ki kazak q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rini s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259r etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Bundan ba\u015fqa, ruslar dig\u0259r \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 potensial m\u00fcharib\u0259 zonas\u0131na \u0259lav\u0259 h\u0259rbi birlikl\u0259r c\u0259lb edirdil\u0259r.

Bu fonda S\u0259f\u0259vi d\u00f6vl\u0259ti d\u0259 sava\u015f haz\u0131rl\u0131qlar\u0131 i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 idi. 1651-ci ild\u0259 II \u015eah Abbas\u0131n \u0259mri il\u0259 ruslara qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259rbi kampaniyan\u0131n t\u0259\u015fkili v\u0259 \u00fcmumi r\u0259hb\u0259rlik \u015eirvan hakimi Xosrov xana h\u0259val\u0259 edildi. Onun toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 qo\u015fun T\u0259rki yurdunun \u015famxal\u0131 Surxay xan\u0131n q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n, Endirey m\u0259liki Qazan Alp, Qaytaq usmisi \u018fmirxan Sultan\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 da\u011fl\u0131 camaat\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259rbi birlikl\u0259rind\u0259n formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.

Bundan ba\u015fqa, Xosrov xan \u015eamax\u0131da v\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259 toplanm\u0131\u015f \u00fcmumilkd\u0259 800 \u0259sg\u0259ri v\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi ordusundan 800 s\u0259rbaz\u0131 iki topla birlikd\u0259 \u015famxal Surxay\u0131n ixtiyar\u0131na verir. Xosrov xan\u0131n toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 qo\u015fundak\u0131 \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rin say\u0131 Noqay v\u0259 Kum\u0131k uluslar\u0131ndan qo\u015fulmu\u015f d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 12 min n\u0259f\u0259r civar\u0131nda idi. H\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n qo\u015fun 1651-ci il oktyabr\u0131n 12-d\u0259 Sunca \u00e7ay\u0131na yeti\u015fir. Eyniadl\u0131 qalada m\u00fcdafi\u0259 m\u00f6vqeyi tutan ruslar \u00f6z s\u0131ralar\u0131na Qafqaz kazaklar\u0131, kabardinl\u0259r v\u0259 ba\u015fqa uluslardan d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r c\u0259lb etm\u0259kl\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259nmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n \u015famxal Surxay\u0131n h\u0259min il noyabr\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 Sunca qalas\u0131na etdiyi h\u0259ml\u0259l\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259siz qald\u0131. Qo\u015funu yenid\u0259n toparlama\u011fa ehtiyac oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u0259n \u015famxal Surxay noyabr\u0131n 7-d\u0259 Sunca qalas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259nd\u0259v\u0259rind\u0259n geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259yi q\u0259rara ald\u0131.

Ancaq ilk h\u00fccumun u\u011fursuzlu\u011fundan sonra II \u015eah Abbas soyuqqanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 itirm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, n\u00f6vb\u0259ti h\u0259ml\u0259y\u0259 daha ciddi haz\u0131rla\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. \u015eimali Qafqazda formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ordudak\u0131 \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rin say\u0131n\u0131 da\u011fl\u0131 uluslar\u0131n\u0131n hesab\u0131na art\u0131raraq, 20 min n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131ran \u015fah silah t\u0259chizat\u0131n\u0131 da \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa nail oldu. Haz\u0131rl\u0131qlar yekunla\u015fd\u0131qdan sonra S\u0259f\u0259vi ordusu yen\u0259 d\u0259 \u015famxal Surxay\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda 1653-c\u00fc il mart\u0131n 7-d\u0259 Sunca qalas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 ald\u0131. Ruslar\u0131n qalada bir ne\u00e7\u0259 min n\u0259f\u0259rlik h\u0259rbi kontingent yerl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq, onlar bu d\u0259f\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi qo\u015funlar\u0131na m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bilm\u0259dil\u0259r. V\u0259ziyy\u0259tin \u00fcmidsizl\u0259\u015fdiyini g\u00f6r\u0259n rus h\u0259rbi komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259traf b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n Sunca qalas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lav\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259k c\u0259hdl\u0259ri s\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259rin manevrl\u0259ri say\u0259sind\u0259 bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131. Arams\u0131z h\u0259ml\u0259l\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck itki ver\u0259n ruslar\u0131n son b\u00f6l\u00fcy\u00fc, n\u0259hay\u0259t, 1653-c\u00fc il mart\u0131n 25-d\u0259 Sunca qalas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk etdi.

D\u00f6vl\u0259tin h\u00fcdudlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fimala do\u011fru geni\u015fl\u0259ndirm\u0259yi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259n II \u015eah Abbas o \u0259r\u0259f\u0259d\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 \u0130sfahanda b\u00f6y\u00fck ordu toplayaraq H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxan\u0131n f\u0259thin\u0259 haz\u0131rla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin mo\u011follar\u0131n yenid\u0259n S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259rin \u015f\u0259rq s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccumu v\u0259 Q\u0259ndahar\u0131 t\u0259krar m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 almas\u0131 \u015fah\u0131 h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri bu istiqam\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 vadar etdi.

II \u015eah Abbas\u0131n h\u00f6kmdar kimi qeyd olunas\u0131 \u0259n m\u00fcsb\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n biri kimi d\u00f6vl\u0259tin z\u0259ifl\u0259m\u0259sind\u0259n sui-istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 ita\u0259tsizlik g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259haliy\u0259 qanl\u0131 divan tutan g\u00fcrc\u00fc knyazlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0259rt \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 c\u0259zaland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259k olar. S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcfuz v\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259tini G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda yenid\u0259n b\u0259rpa etm\u0259yi qar\u015f\u0131ya m\u0259qs\u0259d qoyan II \u015eah Abbas buna nail olur. 1662-ci ild\u0259 separat\u00e7\u0131 knyazlar\u0131 bir-bir s\u0131radan \u00e7\u0131xaran h\u00f6kmdar m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259sinin d\u0259 qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131na qal\u0131r. Onun g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fi il\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda d\u00f6vl\u0259tin daimi h\u0259rbi qarnizonunun yerl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni qalalar tikilir.

\u018flb\u0259tt\u0259, II \u015eah Abbas\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259t d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fc n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7ir\u0259rk\u0259n S\u0259f\u0259vi-Osmanl\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 toxunmamaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Amma \u00e7ox \u0259lam\u0259tdar hald\u0131r ki, S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259rin 7-ci h\u00f6kmdran\u0131n d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 iki t\u00fcrk imperiyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131b.

O d\u00f6vr\u00fcn S\u0259f\u0259vi-Osmanl\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, tarix \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru Tofiq N\u0259c\u0259fli \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn «Q\u0259sri-\u015eirin s\u00fclh\u00fcnd\u0259n sonra S\u0259f\u0259vi-Osmanl\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri m\u00fcasir T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda» geni\u015f t\u0259dqiqat \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar verib. H\u0259min \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 II \u015eah Abbas\u0131n Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mperiyas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 ciddi \u00f6n\u0259m verdiyi v\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 etimada z\u0259rb\u0259 vuracaq add\u0131mlar atmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 diqq\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b: «1648-ci ild\u0259 II \u015eah Abbas Q\u0259nd\u0259har y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fc zaman\u0131 B\u0259stamda olan zaman Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131 \u0130brahimin el\u00e7isini q\u0259bul etmi\u015fdi. Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131 S\u0259f\u0259vi \u015fah\u0131n\u0131n Q\u0259nd\u0259har h\u0259rbi y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259n ehtiyat ed\u0259r\u0259k g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 onun Ba\u011fdad\u0131 da geri almaq fikrin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259l\u0259nirdi. O, II \u015eah Abbasa yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259ktubda t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r aras\u0131nda dostluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirilm\u0259sinin vacib oldu\u011funu israrla t\u0259kid edirdi v\u0259 ona bir fil d\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259sini xahi\u015f edirdi.

II \u015eah Abbas cavab olaraq Osmanl\u0131 el\u00e7isi il\u0259 Sultan\u0131n saray\u0131na Qas\u0131m b\u0259yin o\u011flu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dqulu b\u0259yi yola sal\u0131b, ona buyurdu ki, Q\u0259zvind\u0259ki fili Osmanl\u0131 sultan\u0131na apars\u0131n. II \u015eah Abbas Sultan \u0130brahim\u0259 \u00fcnvanlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259ktubda iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131ndak\u0131 dostluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259hs etmi\u015f v\u0259 bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259m dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259, onun rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rma\u011fa c\u0259hd g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir».

M\u00fc\u0259llif o d\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u00fcrk m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259in\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq, iki imperiya aras\u0131nda m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin yax\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fnu t\u0259sdiql\u0259y\u0259n faktlar\u0131 da oxuculara t\u0259qdim edib: «\u0130.H.Uzun\u00e7ar\u015f\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n fikrinc\u0259, 1649-cu ild\u0259 IV Mehmedin taxta \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259brik etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn II \u015eah Abbas\u0131n Mahmud xan adl\u0131 el\u00e7isi \u0130stanbula g\u0259ldi v\u0259 2 fil h\u0259diyy\u0259 g\u0259tirdi. Bu faktlar bir daha t\u0259sdiq edir ki, XVII y\u00fczilliyin 40-c\u0131 ill\u0259rind\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 siyasi \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r davam etdirilmi\u015f, t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259r bir-birini \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm siyasi hadis\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259lumatland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 laz\u0131mi h\u0259diyy\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k normal m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r saxlam\u0131\u015flar».

T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, II \u015eah Abbas\u0131n 34 ya\u015f\u0131nda d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si onun S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n q\u00fcdr\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 ger\u00e7\u0259k bir cahan d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lik planlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7m\u0259sin\u0259 imkan verm\u0259di. Ondan sonra taxta \u00e7\u0131xan n\u00f6vb\u0259ti \u015fahlar is\u0259 bu v\u0259t\u0259np\u0259rv\u0259r h\u00f6kmdar\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259ri davam etdirm\u0259k iqtidar\u0131nda olmad\u0131lar…

Araz ZEYNALOV<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n orta \u0259srl\u0259r tarixinin \u0259n parlaq d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n 7-ci h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 II \u015eah Abbasla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ox\u0259srlik Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik tarixinin \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":29193,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29190"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29192,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29190\/revisions\/29192"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}