{"id":30812,"date":"2021-03-01T03:41:49","date_gmt":"2021-02-28T23:41:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=30812"},"modified":"2021-03-01T03:42:04","modified_gmt":"2021-02-28T23:42:04","slug":"at-ustunde-yay-cekip-ok-salan-mizrak-vurup-ordu-olan-kavim-iskitler-sakalar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=30812","title":{"rendered":"At \u00dcst\u00fcnde Yay \u00c7ekip, Ok Salan, M\u0131zrak Vurup Ordu Olan Kavim: \u0130skitler\/Sakalar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><strong>&#8230;g\u00fcvenmekte oldu\u011fun duvarl\u0131 \u015fehirlerini k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la vurup y\u0131kacaklar&#187;Yeremya 5.Bab, 15-17<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hunlar\u0131n atalar\u0131 olan Hiung-Nu&#8217;lar \u00c7in taraf\u0131ndan bat\u0131daki bozk\u0131rlara do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcnce, Orta Asya&#8217;da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kitle yurdunu terk etmek, g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kald\u0131. Bu g\u00f6\u00e7 \u00f6ylesi bir hareketi beraberinde getirdi ki, bat\u0131ya do\u011fru ilerleyen her kavim, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kavimleri \u00f6n\u00fcne katarak, onlar\u0131 da daha bat\u0131ya g\u00f6\u00e7 etmeye zorlad\u0131. Bug\u00fcn uluslar\u0131n tarihlerini ve k\u00f6kenlerini yak\u0131ndan ilgilendiren en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgalar\u0131ndan biriydi bu. Tarih maratonunda inceledi\u011fim \u0130skitler&#8217;de, bu g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerinden oldu. K\u00f6kenlerine dair tart\u0131\u015fmalar halen devam etmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00fc\u00e7 ana k\u00f6ken unsuru \u00fczerinden bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmekte. \u0130skitlerin Slav k\u00f6kenli olduklar\u0131na dair tezler bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda pek kabul g\u00f6ren bir tez olmamakla birlikte, \u00f6zellikle Rus akademisyen, tarih\u00e7i ve arkeologlar aras\u0131nda savunulan bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f. Ana tart\u0131\u015fma unsuru ise \u0130skitler\/Sakalar&#8217;\u0131n \u0130rani ya da Turani bir kavim olmas\u0131 etraf\u0131nda toplanmakta. Maraton boyunca \u0130skitler&#8217;e ait kitaplar\u0131 incelerken \u0130rani bir kavim olmas\u0131na delil olarak g\u00f6sterilen en \u00f6nemli hususun, Perslerle \u00e7ok yak\u0131n ili\u015fki i\u00e7erisinde olan bir Saka toplulu\u011fundan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tetkik ettim. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak izah edece\u011fim; ancak \u0130skitler\/Sakalar Pers kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7 s\u0131n\u0131f olarak ayr\u0131l\u0131yor. Perslerin &#171;bizim Sakalar&#187; dedikleri kavim, &#171;denizin \u00f6tesindeki Sakalar&#187; dedikleri ve Herodot tarihinde geni\u015f olarak bahsi ge\u00e7en \u0130skitler, bir de &#171;Sivri \u015fapkal\u0131 Sakalar&#187; olarak \u00e7evrilen \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131f Sakalar. \u0130skitler\/Sakalar\u0131n k\u00f6kenleri ne olursa olsun, haklar\u0131nda ittifak edilen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f onlar\u0131n bir konfederasyon \u015feklinde \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 sava\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip, \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck devletlerinden olmalar\u0131. Gelin hep beraber bu b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcc\u00fc inceleyelim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20140604_223747-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30814\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30814\" class=\"wp-image-30814\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20140604_223747-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20140604_223747-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20140604_223747-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20140604_223747-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/20140604_223747.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"194\" height=\"259\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/alta-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30815\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/alta-1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30815\" class=\"wp-image-30815\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/alta-1.jpg 194w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/alta-1-112x150.jpg 112w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 194px) 100vw, 194px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130skit Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131nda Sorunlar\u0131 Ortadan Kald\u0131ran \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma: \u00c7ar \u0130skitler &#8212; Zaur Hasanov<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-7Zys_x1SB8w\/U5G91hIh5jI\/AAAAAAAABW0\/AVvbVC0HzNU\/s1600\/20140604_223747.jpg\"><\/a>Sovyetler Birli\u011fi da\u011f\u0131lana kadar; \u0130skitler ile ilgili yap\u0131lan arkeolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6rtbas edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n ise onlar\u0131n Slav ya da \u0130ran k\u00f6kenli bir kavim oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde toplanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki engeli kald\u0131ran unsur, T\u00fcrki Cumhuriyetlerin kurulmas\u0131 ve bu \u00fclkelerde se\u00e7kin arkeologlar\u0131n yeti\u015fmesi, bilim ve tarih d\u00fcnyas\u0131na yeni tezler sunmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131 ile \u0130skitler\/Sakalar ile ilgili pek \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fma konusunu ayd\u0131nlatmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Zaur Hasanov&#8217;da ilmi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 bu u\u011furda vakfetmi\u015f ve ortaya \u0130skitoloji alan\u0131ndaki pek \u00e7ok problemi daha kapsaml\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00f6ren, farkl\u0131 bir tarih metodu i\u00e7eren \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile benim kanaatimce pek \u00e7ok bo\u015f noktay\u0131 doldurmu\u015ftur. Kitaba verilen \u00c7ar \u0130skitler ile bahsedilenin Herodot tarihinde ge\u00e7en Krali \u0130skitler oldu\u011funu belirteyim. Ayr\u0131ca kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131 Hasanov&#8217;a g\u00f6re \u00c7ar, (Delil olarak Moyen \u00c7or gibi isimleri ve \u00c7or-\u00c7ur kelimelerinin kadim T\u00fcrk dilinde yer alan kelimeler oldu\u011fu g\u00f6sterilmekte) T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bir kelime ve ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Hakan anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. Kitap T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Vakf\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f, karton kapakl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck ebatlarda 422 sayfa. Yazar\u0131n tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k ilkesi do\u011frultusunda, hem kitab\u0131n giri\u015finde, hem de genelinde g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi tav\u0131r takdire \u015fayan. Akademik ciddiyetle ve \u00fcslupla haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f tam te\u015fekk\u00fcll\u00fc bir eserle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011funuzu belirtmek isterim. \u00d6zellikle kitab\u0131 okurken, etnonim, semantik, toponim vs. kavramlara al\u0131\u015fk\u0131n olman\u0131z gerekiyor. Zira bu kavramlar \u0130skitlerin k\u00f6kenine ili\u015fkin problemler incelenirken b\u00fcy\u00fck yo\u011funlukta kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f durumda. Yazar\u0131n \u0130skitlerin konfederasyon olarak \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmi\u015f bir halklar toplulu\u011fu oldu\u011funu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak, ana n\u00fcve olan \u00c7ar \u0130skitlerin yani y\u00f6netici kesimin k\u00f6kenlerine ve tarihlerine ili\u015fkin soru i\u015faretlerini gidermeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131ca dipnot olarak d\u00fc\u015fmek gerekiyor. Bu noktada Hasanov, bir\u00e7ok akademik kayna\u011fa m\u00fcracaat etmekle birlikte, kitab\u0131n ilk b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde kendi kat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olan \u0130skit\/Saka k\u00f6klerinin \u0130rani bir kavimden geldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Burada tek tek delillendirmeyece\u011fim, ancak k\u0131saca \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebilirim ki, yazar \u0130skitlerin \u0130rani oldu\u011funu iddia eden bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131, kendi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin tutars\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131 ve tezlerindeki \u00e7eli\u015fkiler \u00fczerinden \u00e7ok g\u00fczel ele\u015ftirmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-YUQkwWmoVd4\/U51N_uImtuI\/AAAAAAAABaI\/1jyDzbxg8YA\/s1600\/20140614_095622.jpg\"><\/a>D\u0131\u015f kapakta sade bir \u015fekilde yer alan \u00c7ar \u0130skitler ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, eserin alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 &#171;\u0130skitler ve Eski O\u011fuzlar\u0131n Etno-Dil \u00d6zde\u015fle\u015ftirmesi&#187; olarak ge\u00e7iyor ki, bu vas\u0131tayla eserin i\u00e7eri\u011fine daha rahat hakim olabiliyorsunuz. Eserin akademik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz. Baz\u0131 noktalarda bir ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r gibi \u00fczerine e\u011filmeniz gerekiyor. Bununla birlikte \u00f6zellikle etnik a\u00e7\u0131dan ve \u0130skit dili \u00fczerinden yola \u00e7\u0131k\u0131larak var\u0131lan noktalar ger\u00e7ekten hayranl\u0131k uyand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131. Hasanov&#8217;un kitab\u0131nda hamasi bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, tespitlerin bilimsel temele oturtuldu\u011fu ve \u0130skitlerin k\u00f6keni sorununun kesin bir \u015fekilde sonland\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6rebiliyorsunuz. \u00d6zellikle \u00f6nce konuya ili\u015fkin di\u011fer tezleri yorum katmadan sunup, daha sonra T\u00fcrk tezlerini savunurken bu tezlere ele\u015ftiri getiriyor olmas\u0131 ve ele\u015ftirilerinin sadece bilimsel s\u00fczge\u00e7te de\u011fil, ak\u0131l ve mant\u0131k e\u015fli\u011finde de l\u00fczumlu ele\u015ftiriler oldu\u011funu belirtmeliyim. Hasanov&#8217;un \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, kendi geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi metodoloji do\u011frultusunda size neredeyse kesin anlamda do\u011frulu\u011fa ula\u015ft\u0131racak veriler sunuyor. \u0130skitlerin, O\u011fuzlar olmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6zellikle dil bilim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sergilenen yakla\u015f\u0131m, \u0130skit mitolojisi temel al\u0131narak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f olan bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, kelime kelime s\u00f6zlerin olu\u015fumu, k\u00f6kenleri ve Kadim T\u00fcrk ve Yunan dilleri e\u015fli\u011finde geli\u015ftirilen parlak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f eseri \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetli k\u0131l\u0131yor. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler k\u0131sm\u0131nda beliren g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerimin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun kayna\u011f\u0131 da Hasanov&#8217;un eserinde sundu\u011fu tezler do\u011frultusunda \u015fekillenmi\u015f durumda. Ayr\u0131ca \u0130skitler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bu kitapla Proto-T\u00fcrkler, Hunlar ve di\u011fer farkl\u0131 uygarl\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda ilgin\u00e7 bilgilere ula\u015fman\u0131z da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. T\u00fcm hacmine, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, e\u011fer \u0130skitler hakk\u0131nda bir kitap okumak istiyorsan\u0131z, bu konuda kesinlikle ba\u015fvurman\u0131z gereken yegane kaynak. Elbette bu kitab\u0131, daha \u00f6nce tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131m kitaplar\u0131 okuduktan sonra okursan\u0131z, daha donan\u0131ml\u0131 olarak eseri tetkik etmeniz ve yazar\u0131n belirli noktalarda referans g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi di\u011fer eserlerde ge\u00e7en g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin temelini ve kapsam\u0131n\u0131 anlaman\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle tarihle ilgilenenlerin kitapl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bulunmas\u0131 katiyetle \u015fart olan bir eser.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"205\" height=\"246\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/iskittarak.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30816\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30816\" class=\"wp-image-30816\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/iskittarak.jpg 205w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/iskittarak-125x150.jpg 125w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 205px) 100vw, 205px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"673\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/altinelbise-673x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30817\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/altinelbise.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30817\" class=\"wp-image-30817\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/altinelbise-673x1024.jpg 673w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/altinelbise-197x300.jpg 197w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/altinelbise-99x150.jpg 99w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/altinelbise.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 673px) 100vw, 673px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gog &#8212; Magog, Yec\u00fcc &#8212; Mec\u00fcc Ekseninde, Kutsal Metinlerde \u0130skitler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-n3KAo9IOZRI\/U5zeGl3S-NI\/AAAAAAAABZw\/DRLU6nT1zXc\/s1600\/alta.jpg\"><\/a>\u0130skitler, Orta Asya&#8217;da ba\u015flayan g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn ve \u00c7inlilerin, Hiung-nu&#8217;lar\u0131, onlar\u0131n Massagetleri, Massagetlerin de kendilerini bat\u0131ya do\u011fru s\u00fcrmelerinin sonucu olarak G\u00fcney Rusya&#8217;da mukim Kimmerler&#8217;in efsanevi Kimmerya&#8217;s\u0131na do\u011fru y\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f, onlar\u0131n topraklar\u0131n\u0131n gelecek bin y\u0131l \u0130skitya olarak an\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f, bununla da kalmay\u0131p, bir s\u00fcper devlet olma yolunda ilerleyerek Anadolu i\u00e7lerine yerle\u015fmi\u015f ve M\u0131s\u0131r&#8217;a kadar inmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n atlar \u00fczerinde yay \u00e7ekip, ok salan bu kudretli sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 Mezopotamya kavimlerinin pek \u00e7o\u011funu korkutmu\u015ftur. \u00d6yle ki Tevrat&#8217;ta kendilerinden bahsedilmi\u015f, b\u00f6lgedeki Yahudiler taraf\u0131ndan Kimmerler ile birlikte uzun bir d\u00f6nem Gog-Magog, Ye&#8217;c\u00fcc-Me&#8217;c\u00fcc olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Kehaneti do\u011frular gibi g\u00f6z\u00fcken sald\u0131rganl\u0131klar\u0131 yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, bu kavimlerin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 ve birikimleri belki de bu ilahi metinler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden pek \u00e7ok kez g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmi\u015ftir. Bug\u00fcn sanat tarihi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan &#171;Hayvan \u00dcslubu&#187; olarak tan\u0131mlanan, kurt, geyik, at heykellerindeki ince i\u015f\u00e7ilik \u0130skit ustalar\u0131n\u0131n marifetleridir. K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7, teberzen ve balta \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan ince i\u015f\u00e7ilikler, t\u00f6ren kaplar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki muazzam desenler, \u00f6zellikle \u0130skit giyim sanat\u0131n\u0131n hem Herodot taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f detayl\u0131 tarifleri, hem de Kazakistan&#8217;da bulunan kurganda ele ge\u00e7irilen Alt\u0131n Elbiseli Adam ismi verilen buluntuda g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpan giyim ve alt\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ili\u011fi, d\u00f6nemine g\u00f6re muazzam seviyede ileridedir. Pers ve Yunan kaynaklar\u0131nda \u0130skitler&#8217;den yana sunulan sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ve barbarl\u0131klar\u0131 hususunu, medeniyetlerinin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck yaralarla izah etmek tarihi olmasa da, mant\u0131ki olarak d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir sebeptir. Eyer ve \u00fczengiyi icat etmi\u015f olan \u0130skit s\u00fcvarilerinin ve at \u00fczerinde ok \u00e7ekebilen bu amans\u0131z sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n o d\u00f6neme kadar piyadeler ve sava\u015f arabalar\u0131 ile birbirlerine \u00fcst\u00fcn gelen kavimleri alt etmi\u015f olmas\u0131 sava\u015f hukuku ve teknolojisinin ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz sonucudur. Nitekim \u0130skit s\u00fcvarilerine \u00fcst\u00fcn gelenler de metal \u00fczengiyi icat eden Sarmatlar olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-U8IE-JuG2Ss\/U5zTHiureZI\/AAAAAAAABY0\/HQ-9H69Rpd4\/s1600\/iskittarak.jpg\"><\/a>Oysa \u0130skitler, s\u0131radan g\u00f6\u00e7ebe vah\u015filer de\u011fildirler. Herodot, Strabon, Ksenofon ve Hipokrat&#8217;\u0131n tarifleri do\u011frultusunda ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00f6rt b\u00f6l\u00fcme ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131rlar. Aralar\u0131nda \u00e7ift\u00e7ilik ve tar\u0131m ile u\u011fra\u015fan, yerle\u015fik k\u00f6ylerde ya\u015fayan \u0130skit kavimleri oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00f6\u00e7er halde ya\u015fayan ve konfederasyon i\u00e7erisinde sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k \u00fczerlerine bir g\u00f6rev gibi yap\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan \u0130skit kavimleri de vard\u0131r. Bununla birlikte ata mezarlar\u0131 (kurganlar\u0131) yerle\u015fik k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6nemli miraslar\u0131ndan olup bu hususla ilgili Pers h\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Darius&#8217;a verdikleri g\u00f6zda\u011f\u0131 da Herodot&#8217;un Tarih&#8217;inde ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Her hal\u00fckarda bin y\u0131ldan uzun s\u00fcre geni\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlara h\u00fckmetmi\u015f bir kavmin bunu sadece barbarca ve vah\u015fi yollar izleyerek yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa inanmak tarih mant\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fmektir. \u0130skit kavimlerinin ya\u015fam ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 en ba\u015f\u0131ndan beri belirleyen \u015fey, onlar\u0131n k\u00f6ken efsaneleridir. Bu do\u011frultuda Zevs ve Borisfen&#8217;den do\u011fan Targ\u0131tay&#8217;\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011fluna (Lipoksay, Arpoksay, Kolaksay) g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnden hediyeler ve alametler inmi\u015f, onlar ve y\u00f6nettikleri kavimlerin kaderleri de bu mitolojik hediyeler do\u011frultusunda \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir. Nitekim bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 Herodot&#8217;ta \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde yapmaktad\u0131r. O \u0130skitleri \u00c7ift\u00e7i \u0130skitler, Krali \u0130skitler vs. ayr\u0131mlara tabi tutmu\u015ftur. Pers h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hen\u00fcz var olmam\u0131\u015fken, selefleri olan Asur \u0130mparatorlu\u011funa huzurlu bir soluk ald\u0131rmam\u0131\u015f olan \u0130skitler, Herodot tarihinde sadece G\u00fcney Rusya&#8217;dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya inen ve bu b\u00f6lgede mukim kolunun faaliyetleri ile an\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa \u0130skitlerin bir kolu say\u0131lan Massagetlerin ve Hazar k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda bulunan di\u011fer bir \u0130skit Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u0130skitler kadar geni\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0130skit\/Saka Hanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Ka\u011fanlar\u0131 ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc durumlarda bir araya gelerek karar almakta ve ortak d\u00fc\u015fmanlara kar\u015f\u0131 birlikte hareket etmektedir. T\u00fcrk topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu fiili konfederasyon sisteminin atalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130skitler olmas\u0131 da bu a\u00e7\u0131dan en y\u00fcksek ihtimaldir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Proto-O\u011fuz Bir Kavim mi? Yoksa Bizzat O\u011fuzlar\u0131n Kendileri mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-MxgS-s42r2E\/U5zTH_yAtaI\/AAAAAAAABY4\/G4R8nwyWEbE\/s1600\/alt%C4%B1nelbise.jpg\"><\/a>Hasanov&#8217;un yukar\u0131da tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131m kitab\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli unsurlardan biri \u0130skitlerin isminin s\u00f6yleni\u015f \u015fekline ili\u015fkin olan teziydi. Herodot&#8217;un eserinde kadim Yunanca ile belirtilen kavmin ismine dair do\u011fru okunu\u015fun Rus\u00e7a ve \u0130ngilizce \u00e7evirilerdeki hatalar giderilerek ve T\u00fcrk dillerinde do\u011fru ses ve dizilim ilkeleri ile okunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi, ayr\u0131ca eski Yunan dili ile g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz Yunancas\u0131 rehber al\u0131narak yap\u0131lacak \u00e7evirinin eksik olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor. Rus\u00e7a&#8217;da Skif, \u0130ngilizce&#8217;de Skythes olarak beliren kavram\u0131n T\u00fcrk\u00e7e do\u011fru okunu\u015funun Skuz oldu\u011funu akademik olarak, dil bilim ilkeleri do\u011frultusunda a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. Bu durumda kelimenin k\u00f6k\u00fcnde yer alan kuz-guz ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yoruz ki bu da O\u011fuz kelimesi ile ayn\u0131 k\u00f6kten gelen ve hatta ayn\u0131 kelimeyi i\u015faret eden bir kavim ad\u0131ndan bahsedildi\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor. O\u011fuz isminin M.\u00d6. 1.000&#8217;li y\u0131llardan bu yana bir kavmi tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan isim olabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelen bu tespit T\u00fcrk tarihinin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7izmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan da \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli i\u00e7eriktedir. Hakeza, \u0130skit mitolojisinde yer alan unsurlar ile O\u011fuzname, Dede Korkut efsaneleri ve farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nem tarih\u00e7ilerinin eserlerinde yer alan unsurlar bir arada de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde \u0130skitler ile O\u011fuzlar aras\u0131nda neredeyse bir ayn\u0131l\u0131k mevcuttur. Buna en \u00f6nemli \u00f6rnek, Herodot&#8217;un \u0130skit destanlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 K\u00f6r o\u011fullar\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk destan\u0131 K\u00f6ro\u011flu aras\u0131nda kurulan ba\u011fd\u0131r. Targ\u0131tay&#8217;\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011fluna boyunduruk, kap, k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7 verilmesi ve \u0130skit topraklar\u0131n\u0131n payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan&#8217;\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011fluna yay\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcp vermesi ve h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda bulunan topraklar\u0131 o\u011fullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, Targ\u0131tay&#8217;\u0131n Zeus ile Borisfen&#8217;den do\u011fmas\u0131 (Borisfen isminin etimolojik incelemesi sonucu kurttan yarat\u0131lan anlam\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin tezler mevcut) T\u00fcrklerin bir erkek insan ile di\u015fi kurttan t\u00fcremesi efsanesi aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131lar basit ve bilinen \u00f6rnekler olarak s\u0131ralanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-3 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"958\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pazyryk_big-958x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30818\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30818\" class=\"wp-image-30818\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pazyryk_big-958x1024.jpg 958w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pazyryk_big-281x300.jpg 281w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pazyryk_big-140x150.jpg 140w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pazyryk_big-768x821.jpg 768w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/pazyryk_big.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 958px) 100vw, 958px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"193\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/certomlyk.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30819\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/certomlyk.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30819\" class=\"wp-image-30819\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/certomlyk.jpg 193w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/certomlyk-97x150.jpg 97w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 193px) 100vw, 193px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-U4IxLw7hris\/U5zTH6sTFCI\/AAAAAAAABZM\/I0iVzlQAlL4\/s1600\/pazyryk_big.jpg\"><\/a>\u0130skitlerin k\u00f6keni ile ilgili olarak anlat\u0131lan her destan\u0131n, kuvvetli delillerle O\u011fuz destanlar\u0131na ba\u011flan\u0131yor olu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Herodot taraf\u0131ndan \u0130skit kavimleri olarak say\u0131lan kavimlerin isimlerinin Ural-Altay dilleri ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve bu kavimlerin izlerine O\u011fuz boylar\u0131nda rastlan\u0131yor olmas\u0131 da tesad\u00fcf addedilemeyecek ba\u011flant\u0131lardand\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin Avhatlar ile Av\u015farlar aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131lar, etimolojik a\u00e7\u0131klamalardan tutun da boylar\u0131n sergilemi\u015f olduklar\u0131 avc\u0131l\u0131k stereotip \u00f6zelli\u011finin ayn\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na varan olgular ilgi \u00e7ekicidir. Orta Asya, Hazar Denizinin kuzeyi, G\u00fcney Rusya stepleri, Anadolu i\u00e7leri ve M\u0131s\u0131r s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na kadar fetihlerini ilerleten \u0130skitlerin, Re\u015fideddin O\u011fuzname&#8217;sinde O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan&#8217;\u0131n f\u00fctuhat\u0131na benzer bir \u015fekilde ilerlemi\u015f olmalar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca tesad\u00fcf\u00fc a\u015fan benzerliklerdir. Ural-Altay dilleri, T\u00fcrk destanlar\u0131, ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imi, g\u00f6\u00e7ebe sanat \u00fcslubu gibi bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6nden Turani kavimlerle benzerlik arz eden \u0130skitlerin, bunca ba\u011flant\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, \u0130rani bir kavim olmalar\u0131na delil olarak g\u00f6sterilen en \u00f6nemli unsurun, Pers s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda ya\u015fayan Sakalar\u0131n dillerinde \u0130rani kelimeler bulundu\u011funun iddia edilmesi, Hint-Avrupa dili konu\u015fan kavimlerin hi\u00e7birisinin mitolojisinde temel ba\u011flamlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Ural-Altay kavimleri ile mevcut benzerliklere yakla\u015f\u0131lamamas\u0131, \u0130rani tezleri savunan bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n kendi tezlerini sunarken, tezlerin giri\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda baz\u0131 mitolojik kavramlar\u0131n k\u00f6ken olarak T\u00fcrk diline ait oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemekle, ileri safhalarda bunlar\u0131 \u0130rani-Farsi kabul etmeleri b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7eli\u015fkidir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sanatlar\u0131, ya\u015famlar\u0131, \u00f6rf, adet ve ananeleri, daha da \u00f6nemlisi mitolojileri ve k\u00f6kleri itibariyle Hunlar ile \u00e7ok yak\u0131n addedilen \u0130skitlerin, hangi akademik delille \u0130rani kavim olarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u0130skit-Hun benzerli\u011fi o kadar ayn\u0131l\u0131k derecesindedir ki, Paz\u0131r\u0131k Kurgan\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan hal\u0131y\u0131 baz\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131 Hunlar&#8217;a mal ederken, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 da bu hal\u0131n\u0131n \u0130skit eseri oldu\u011funu savunmaktad\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen \u0130skitlerin \u0130rani veya \u0130ran k\u00f6kenli Osetinlerden oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki tezlerin, Turani oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki kuvvetli tezlere, hatta teorilere ra\u011fmen yabanc\u0131 akademisyenlerce dikkate al\u0131nmamas\u0131, tarihi a\u00e7\u0131dan akademik bir intihard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Targ\u0131tay, Alp Er Tunga, O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan \u00dc\u00e7geninde, Orta Asya&#8217;dan G\u00fcney Rusya&#8217;ya Bir D\u00fcnya Devleti<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><a href=\"https:\/\/3.bp.blogspot.com\/-1Us1uhpTjKo\/U5zeG1EFqnI\/AAAAAAAABZ0\/LvW86lakgxE\/s1600\/certomlyk.jpg\"><\/a>T\u00fcrk tarih\u00e7ili\u011finin geli\u015fmemesinin en \u00f6nemli sebeplerinden birisi, bizlerin tarih yazmaktan \u00e7ok, tarih yapmaya zaman ay\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmam\u0131zd\u0131r. Buna kar\u015f\u0131n ciddi bir s\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyat gelene\u011fine sahip oldu\u011fumuz yads\u0131namaz. T\u00fcrk s\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyat\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli eserlerinden birisi de Dede Korkut efsaneleridir. O\u011fuz T\u00fcrklerinin bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafyada farkl\u0131 farkl\u0131 isimler ile an\u0131lan (\u00d6rne\u011fin Azerbaycan&#8217;da Korkut Ata) Dede Korkut hikayeleri, T\u00fcrkistan&#8217;dan Anadolu&#8217;ya uzanan co\u011frafyada s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak insanlar\u0131n zihinlerinde yolculu\u011funu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00d6yle ki, babam\u0131n bana k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckken dedenin masallar\u0131 diye anlatm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu hikayelerden birisinin T\u00fcrkmen efsanelerinden, bir di\u011ferinin ise Dede Korkut hikayelerinin varyantlar\u0131ndan birisi oldu\u011funu tarih incelemelerim s\u0131ras\u0131nda fark etmi\u015ftim. M.\u00d6. 2.000&#8217;li y\u0131llarda Anav b\u00f6lgesinde anlat\u0131lagelen bir hikayenin ya da tahmini M.S. 600&#8217;l\u00fc y\u0131llarda toplumun dilinde dola\u015fan bir hikayenin, \u00e7ok az bozulmaya u\u011frayarak, bunca yolu ge\u00e7ip Nev\u015fehir&#8217;de dedemin kula\u011f\u0131nda yer etmesi ve onun babama, babam\u0131n da bana nakletti\u011fi bu s\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyat miras\u0131n\u0131n ne denli k\u0131ymetli oldu\u011funu tahmin edersiniz. Bu s\u00f6zl\u00fc edebiyat\u0131n temel ta\u015f\u0131 olan destanlarda, \u00f6zellikle t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya h\u00fckmeden ka\u011fan fig\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015flendi\u011fi iki \u00f6nemli destan vard\u0131r. Bunlardan birisi Alp Er Tunga Destan\u0131 -ki g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir sagudan(a\u011f\u0131ttan) ba\u015fka bir \u015fey kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r- di\u011feri ise O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan Destan\u0131d\u0131r. Tarih\u00e7iler taraf\u0131ndan Alp Er Tunga destan\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6nem olarak \u0130skitler d\u00f6neminde ge\u00e7mi\u015f oldu\u011fu, Alp Er Tunga&#8217;n\u0131n da Sakalar\u0131n Ka\u011fan\u0131 oldu\u011fu yolunda bir tez geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn hakl\u0131l\u0131k pay\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131n bir di\u011fer sebebi de, Alp Er Tunga oldu\u011funa inan\u0131lan Efrasyab&#8217;\u0131n hakk\u0131nda \u015eehname&#8217;de verilen bilgilerdir. Burada ge\u00e7en bilgiler ile Alp Er Tunga sagusu birle\u015ftirilerek ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lan tahmini tarihi ger\u00e7eklik ile O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan Destan\u0131nda yer alan tahmini tarihi ger\u00e7eklik birbiri ile \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Alp Er Tunga&#8217;da O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan&#8217;da ayn\u0131 co\u011frafyada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc devletlerin Hakanlar\u0131d\u0131rlar. \u0130ki destan aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan birebir paralellik arz eden durumlar fazla olmasa da, destanlarda sergilenen k\u00f6k fig\u00fcrlerin aynili\u011fi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-4 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"349\" height=\"145\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/skuzlar.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30820\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30820\" class=\"wp-image-30820\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/skuzlar.jpg 349w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/skuzlar-300x125.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/skuzlar-150x62.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 349px) 100vw, 349px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"195\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image006-300x195-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30821\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image006-300x195-1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30821\" class=\"wp-image-30821\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image006-300x195-1.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/image006-300x195-1-150x98.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-khXH2Pi-nmc\/U5zTINarQbI\/AAAAAAAABY8\/DU_tYvYa3Z4\/s1600\/skuzlar.jpg\"><\/a>Targ\u0131tay \u0130skit mitolojisine g\u00f6re \u0130skitlerin atas\u0131d\u0131r. Herodot&#8217;tan nakledildi\u011fi \u00fczere Lipoksay, Arpoksay ve Kolaksay isimli \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flu olmu\u015ftur. Yukar\u0131da tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131m kitapta bu isimlerin etimolojik, semantik incelemelerine ve dilbilim a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tahlillerine eri\u015febilirsiniz. Hasanov&#8217;a g\u00f6re Kadim T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;nin kurallar\u0131na g\u00f6re Lipoksay&#8217;\u0131n Alpoksay olarak okunmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Mitolojiye g\u00f6re hakan olan ise Kolaksay&#8217;d\u0131r. Sizleri burada karma\u015f\u0131k teorilerle yormadan, bilimsel desteklerini ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131m kitaplarda bulabilece\u011finiz bir dizi fikri sunaca\u011f\u0131m \u015fimdi. Alpoksay&#8217;\u0131n Alp Er Tunga olma ihtimalinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Kolaksay&#8217;\u0131n da bu destan ki\u015fisi ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fmesi ihtimali vard\u0131r. Bu durumda bu \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011fuldan birisinin O\u011fuz olma ihtimali de mevcuttur. Targ\u0131tay, Alpoksay, Arpoksay ve Kolaksay isimleri, isimlerin kurulu\u015f halleri ve ald\u0131klar\u0131 ekler do\u011frultusunda da \u0130skitlerin T\u00fcrk k\u00f6kenlerine a\u00e7\u0131k \u015fekilde i\u015faret etmektedir. \u0130skit\/Saka k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn T\u00fcrk k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ile ciddi bir ba\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funa ili\u015fkin inan\u0131lmaz say\u0131da teori, tez ve hatta kati deliller i\u00e7eren eserler okudum. Hatta T\u00fcrkler Ansiklopedisinde \u0130skit uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na hasredilmi\u015f, i\u00e7erisinde bu uygarl\u0131\u011fa dair en ufak bilgileri dahi i\u00e7eren b\u00fct\u00fcn makaleleri tetkik ettim. Bu noktada s\u00f6ylenebilir ki, destanlar\u0131n i\u015fleni\u015fi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda dilleri, \u00f6rf, adet ve ananeleri ile pek \u00e7ok kan\u0131tla T\u00fcrk tarihine ba\u011flanan bu kadim uygarl\u0131kla ilgili var\u0131labilecek en \u00f6nemli nokta, bu uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n O\u011fuzlar oldu\u011funa i\u015faret eden delillerdir. Bu konuyu biraz daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in bir \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 kayna\u011f\u0131 ayn\u0131 anda okumak \u00f6nemli. Asur kaynaklar\u0131, Yunan kaynaklar\u0131, tarihi verilerin ba\u015fka dillere ge\u00e7erken de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi okunu\u015flardaki hatalar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi bu sorunun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde ayr\u0131ca etkilidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Asur Kaynaklar\u0131ndan, A\u015fkenaz Yahudilerine ve Emir Timur&#8217;a \u0130skit-O\u011fuzlar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><a href=\"https:\/\/2.bp.blogspot.com\/-TdQe-XxJlUM\/U5zcTGP-G8I\/AAAAAAAABZg\/kskFoFdB76Y\/s1600\/image006-300x195.jpg\"><\/a>Yukar\u0131da Hasanov&#8217;un \u00c7ar \u0130skitler kitab\u0131nda ge\u00e7en, Herodot&#8217;un Yunancas\u0131ndan \u0130ngilizce&#8217;ye \u00e7evrilen bir uygarl\u0131k isminin, buradan dev\u015firilerek T\u00fcrk\u00e7e&#8217;sine ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan okuma hatas\u0131ndan bahsetmi\u015ftim. Zaur Hasanov&#8217;a g\u00f6re kadim Yunanca&#8217;dan \u0130ngilizce&#8217;ye Skythes, Rus\u00e7a&#8217;ya ise Skiff diye \u00e7evrilen metnin do\u011fru okunu\u015fu &#171;Skuz&#187; dur. Bu kelimenin k\u00f6keninde ki, kuz-guz ekinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bu ekin O\u011fuz kelimesinin k\u00f6kenindeki guz-kuz ekiyle ayn\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaz bir noktada olup, \u0130skitlerin O\u011fuzlar olma ihtimali hi\u00e7te uzak bir ihtimal de\u011fildir. Skuz ifadesini destekleyen bir di\u011fer kan\u0131tta Asur kaynaklar\u0131d\u0131r. Asur kaynaklar\u0131nda Gimmirai ve Asguzai olarak sunulan uygarl\u0131klardan ilkinin, \u00a0Kimmerler, ikincisinin ise \u0130skitler oldu\u011fu konusunda tarih\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda ihtilaf yoktur. (A)s-guz-ai veya \u0130s-guz-ai olarak ge\u00e7en bu ifade ile Skuz okunu\u015funa ili\u015fkin tez de ayr\u0131 bir delil kazanmaktad\u0131r. Asur kaynaklar\u0131nda yer alan Asguzailerin, Yahudi kaynaklarda A\u015fkenaz&#8217;a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi ve \u0130skitler&#8217;den 500 y\u0131l sonra ayn\u0131 b\u00f6lgede bir di\u011fer d\u00fcnya devleti olarak v\u00fccut bulan Musevi Hazarlar&#8217;\u0131n torunlar\u0131na A\u015fkenaz Yahudileri denmesi aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n tesad\u00fcf olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u0130skitler uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r Hunlar\u0131n atas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu durumda \u0130skit-Hun-O\u011fuz \u00fc\u00e7geninde, O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan Destan\u0131 paralelinde O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan&#8217;\u0131n Mete Han ile e\u015fle\u015ftirilmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki tezlerin de tekrar incelenmesi, kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, farkl\u0131 d\u00f6nemlerin, farkl\u0131 uygarl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da bu tezler i\u00e7erisine dahil edilerek, geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 elzemdir. \u0130skit-Hun ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda da, \u0130skit-Hazar uygarl\u0131klar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n arz etti\u011fi benzerlik ve Hazarlar ile O\u011fuz Yabgu Devletinin kom\u015fulu\u011fu ayn\u0131 zamanda dikkat \u00e7ekici bir di\u011fer ayr\u0131nt\u0131d\u0131r. Bizans kaynaklar\u0131nda Asya&#8217;dan gelen pek \u00e7ok T\u00fcrk boyunun Skit (do\u011fru okunu\u015fuyla Skuz) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da tesad\u00fcf olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kanaatindeyim. T\u00fcrk kavram\u0131n\u0131n tarih literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde geni\u015f yer kaplamas\u0131 ile ba\u015flayan d\u00f6nemin ard\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir ayr\u0131nt\u0131 olarak Bizans kaynaklar\u0131nda 1402 y\u0131l\u0131nda vuku bulan Ankara Sava\u015f\u0131nda Osmanl\u0131lar T\u00fcrk olarak adland\u0131r\u0131rken, Emir Timur ve ordusundan neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn kaynaklarda Skit olarak bahsedilmesi de ayr\u0131ca dikkatleri \u0130skit ismi \u00fczerine toplamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-5 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"410\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/skif_qab_020615.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30822\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30822\" class=\"wp-image-30822\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/skif_qab_020615.jpg 600w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/skif_qab_020615-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/skif_qab_020615-150x103.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"282\" height=\"179\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"30823\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-1.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=30823\" class=\"wp-image-30823\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-1.jpg 282w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-1-150x95.jpg 150w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-1-115x73.jpg 115w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 282px) 100vw, 282px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/4.bp.blogspot.com\/-v3IkBC7yqhw\/U5zcTK9ZLcI\/AAAAAAAABZc\/AM1vuw-AdJI\/s1600\/iskitk%C4%B1l%C4%B1c%C4%B1.jpg\"><\/a>B\u00fct\u00fcn bu anlat\u0131lanlar\u0131 toparlamam gerekirse, \u0130skitlerin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6zellikleri, ya\u015fam stilleri, destanlar\u0131, dilleri, \u00f6rf, adet ve gelenekleri itibariyle T\u00fcrk soylu kavimlerden oldu\u011fu konusunda kanaatimce bir \u015f\u00fcphe yoktur. Bu do\u011frultuda bence desteklenmesi ve ispatlanmas\u0131 gereken olgu, Skuz-O\u011fuz ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Zaur Hasanov, Prof. Dr. Taner Tarhan gibi bilim adamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u0130skitlerin O\u011fuzlar oldu\u011fu konusunda \u015f\u00fcphe yoktur. Prof.Dr. Benno Landsberger&#8217;in M.\u00d6. 2.300&#8217;l\u00fc y\u0131llarda Akkadlar\u0131 deviren Gutilerin, hem k\u00fclt\u00fcr hem deGuti-Gut-Guz paralelinde O\u011fuzlara en yak\u0131n kavimlerden oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki iddialar\u0131 ile birlikte de\u011ferlendirildi\u011finde, \u00f6zellikle T\u00fcrkiye, Azerbaycan, T\u00fcrkmenistan T\u00fcrklerinin atalar\u0131 olan O\u011fuzlar&#8217;\u0131n T\u00fcrk kadar eski, T\u00fcrk kadar kadim varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ispat\u0131n\u0131n da \u0130skitler bahsinin \u00f6nemli meselelerden birisi oldu\u011funa hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphe yoktur. \u0130ran efsaneleri ile uyu\u015fmayan, dillerinde yer alan baz\u0131 Farsi kelimeler do\u011frultusunda ko\u015fulsuz \u0130rani kabul edilmesi akademik olarak uygun olmayan bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde sadece %20 si arkeologlarca kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan \u0130skit kurganlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan her yen arkeolojik eser, \u0130skit-T\u00fcrk ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha da g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmektedir. Kald\u0131 ki tarihi de\u011ferlendirmeler do\u011frultusunda \u0130skitlerin \u0130lk T\u00fcrk uygarl\u0131klar\u0131ndan oldu\u011funa dair de \u00e7ok kuvvetli deliller mevcuttur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130skitler\/Sakalar ve hatta \u0130skit-O\u011fuzlar bahsinde bu yaz\u0131yla \u015fimdilik sona gelmi\u015f durumday\u0131m. T\u00fcrk Tarihi Maratonu h\u0131zla devam ederken, bu bahsin ilk ana b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olan eski \u00e7a\u011f T\u00fcrk tarihinde sona gelmek \u00fczereyim. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki uygarl\u0131k hakk\u0131nda elimde sadece ince bir kitap mevcut oldu\u011fundan, bu uygarl\u0131kla ilgili tetkik etti\u011fim di\u011fer eserler do\u011frultusunda tek bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce yaz\u0131s\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131zda olaca\u011f\u0131m. Bu do\u011frultuda s\u0131radaki yolculu\u011fumuz Sarmatlar ile olacak ve ard\u0131ndan eski \u00e7a\u011f T\u00fcrk tarihindeki son uygarl\u0131kla ilk ana b\u00f6l\u00fcmde uygarl\u0131klar\u0131 tan\u0131tmay\u0131 bitirmi\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Toplumlar\u0131n haf\u0131zas\u0131 olan tarihle ve onlar\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 kitaplarla kal\u0131n;<br><strong><em>&#171;Ve Ezeli ve Ebedi (Olan) dedi ki; &#8216;&#187;yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn geni\u015f alanlar\u0131n\u0131 boydan boya ge\u00e7ecek, di\u011fer insanlar\u0131n yurtlar\u0131n\u0131 fethedecek bir halk yarataca\u011f\u0131m. (Bunlar) m\u00fcthi\u015f insanlar! Atlar\u0131 panterlerden daha hafif, ak\u015fam kurtlar\u0131ndan daha h\u0131zl\u0131. Uzaktan gelen bu atl\u0131lar, bir f\u0131rt\u0131na gibi ge\u00e7iyor; av\u0131na bir kartal gibi dal\u0131yor. Kalelerle alay ediyor, kalelerin \u00f6n\u00fcne bir miktar toprak y\u0131\u011fd\u0131ktan sonra h\u00fccum edip ele ge\u00e7iriyor.&#187;<\/em><br><em>(Hab.1,7-10)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8230;g\u00fcvenmekte oldu\u011fun duvarl\u0131 \u015fehirlerini k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7la vurup y\u0131kacaklar&#187;Yeremya 5.Bab, 15-17 Hunlar\u0131n atalar\u0131 olan Hiung-Nu&#8217;lar \u00c7in taraf\u0131ndan bat\u0131daki bozk\u0131rlara do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcnce, Orta Asya&#8217;da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kitle<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30824,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-turkish"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30812"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30825,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30812\/revisions\/30825"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/30824"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}