{"id":34370,"date":"2021-04-07T03:49:26","date_gmt":"2021-04-06T23:49:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=34370"},"modified":"2021-04-07T03:49:28","modified_gmt":"2021-04-06T23:49:28","slug":"gurcustanda-ortaq-dil-turk-dilidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=34370","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda ortaq dil t\u00fcrk dilidir"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>\u201c\u0130ki dillilik, b\u0259z\u0259n \u00e7ox geni\u015f bir \u0259razini \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n ortaq etnik s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259qdird\u0259 d\u0259 inki\u015faf ed\u0259 bilir. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 &#171;ticar\u0259t&#187; dilinin (linqua franca) funksiyalar\u0131n\u0131 yerin\u0259 yetir\u0259n ikinci dil qon\u015fu xalq\u0131n dili olmaya da bil\u0259r. Ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 Qafqazda, uzun bir tarixi d\u00f6vrd\u0259 bu c\u00fcr dill\u0259r t\u00fcrk dill\u0259ri say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 noqay, kum\u0131k, Az\u0259rbaycan, t\u00fcrk&#8230;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 c\u0259nub-q\u0259rbd\u0259 v\u0259 q\u0259rbd\u0259 (sahil b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259) t\u00fcrk dili, c\u0259nubda v\u0259 qism\u0259n \u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 &#8212; Az\u0259rbaycan dili yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaxeti v\u0259 Tu\u015fetinin b\u0259zi b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin iqtisadi h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin ikinci dil kimi yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynad\u0131: XIX \u0259srd\u0259 \u015eirakda mal-qaran\u0131 q\u0131\u015f otlaqlar\u0131na s\u00fcrm\u0259k. g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r-tu\u015finl\u0259r v\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda ticar\u0259t \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilirdi. Qoyun s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259ri G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan tu\u015finl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u015eirak b\u00f6lg\u0259sin\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan dilini bil\u0259n ki\u015fil\u0259r (ya\u015fl\u0131) vard\u0131. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan \u0259halisi \u015eirakdan \u0259lav\u0259 Kaxetinin b\u0259zi k\u0259ndl\u0259rinin q\u0131\u015f otlaqlar\u0131n\u0131n yerl\u0259\u015fdiyi Trialeti b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 (m\u00fcasir Tsalka b\u00f6lg\u0259si) t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259nmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halinin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil etdiyi \u0259razid\u0259 Kartlinin bir s\u0131ra ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n (x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 m\u00fcasir Tetri-Tskaroi b\u00f6lg\u0259si) h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7 h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin g\u00fcrc\u00fc m\u00fchacir i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259ri aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k etmi\u015fdi. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Bor\u00e7al\u0131da (qism\u0259n m\u00fcasir Marneuli rayonunun \u0259razisi) m\u00f6vs\u00fcmi i\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn. &#8212; 1930-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 k\u0259ndlil\u0259r gedirdi. Kod. G\u00f6z\u0259t\u00e7i v\u0259 \u00e7oban kimi i\u015f\u0259 q\u0259bul edil\u0259n k\u0259ndlil\u0259r Kumisi-Marneuli d\u0259mir yolunda i\u015fl\u0259yirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0259nd sakinl\u0259rinin bir qismi Didi-Enagetid\u0259, qon\u015fu az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00f6vs\u00fcmi olaraq i\u015fl\u0259yirdil\u0259r. Kosalarda d\u0259ri a\u015f\u0131lamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn minerallar \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Hal-haz\u0131rda bel\u0259 bir minerala ehtiyac yoxdur, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilini bilm\u0259k yaln\u0131z ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015fil\u0259r aras\u0131nda xarakterikdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Eyni d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Marneulid\u0259ki d\u0259ri a\u015f\u0131lamaq n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilini bilm\u0259k Teri-Tskaroi b\u00f6lg\u0259sinin k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fayan dig\u0259r xalqlar: erm\u0259nil\u0259r, osetinl\u0259r, yunanlar-rumlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 tipik idi. G\u00fcrc\u00fc dili kimi Az\u0259rbaycan dili d\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif i\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n Da\u011f\u0131stanl\u0131lar\u0131n da (Leki) \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t dili idi. \u00c7ox vaxt onlar mis qab qalaylayan misg\u0259rl\u0259r, \u00e7obanlar v\u0259 bi\u00e7in\u00e7il\u0259r idil\u0259r. Bu tip faktlar, t\u0259xmin\u0259n 1940-c\u0131 ill\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r, dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan \u0259razi m\u0259lumatlar\u0131nda qeyd olunur. Hal-haz\u0131rda respublikan\u0131n k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 misg\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7ox nadir halda rast g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259rs\u0259n, \u00e7\u00fcnki yerli \u0259halinin h\u0259yat\u0131nda mis qablardan dem\u0259k olar ki, istifad\u0259 olunmur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda &#8212; Acariyada, Mesxet-Cavaxetiyada, Miqreliyada, habel\u0259 Abxaziyada ikinci bir T\u00fcrk dili olaraq yay\u0131lmas\u0131, \u0259sas\u0259n bu b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin sakinl\u0259rinin yerli t\u00fcrkdilli \u0259hali il\u0259 (erm\u0259ni hem\u015finin bir hiss\u0259si) iqtisadi \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rinin n\u0259tic\u0259si idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Erm\u0259nil\u0259r, k\u00fcrdl\u0259r, t\u00fcrkc\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan Mesxil\u0259r v\u0259 buraya g\u0259l\u0259n, t\u00fcrkc\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan m\u00fchacir i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259r bu i\u015fd\u0259 \u0259sas rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bunlar Laz (d\u00fclg\u0259rl\u0259r), Yunan-Urum (misg\u0259rl\u0259r), erm\u0259nil\u0259r &#8212; da\u011fl\u0131q Acar\u0131standa olan Artvin v\u0259 Trabzondan g\u0259l\u0259n in\u015faat\u00e7\u0131lar v\u0259 qara\u00e7\u0131lar (bo\u015flar) idi. XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Sahil Acar\u0131stan k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259n (Bobokvati, Da\u011fva, Achkvistavi v\u0259 s.) &#8212; 1920-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259, ki\u015fil\u0259r m\u00f6vs\u00fcmi olaraq Batumid\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar, burada yerli yunanlarla, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n m\u00fchacirl\u0259r il\u0259 \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t onlara t\u00fcrk dilini \u00f6yr\u0259tdi. 1940-c\u0131 ill\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ki\u015fil\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259k da\u011fl\u0131q Acar\u0131stan Danisparauli k\u0259ndind\u0259n (Xuloi rayonu) ke\u00e7id yolu il\u0259 qon\u015fu Ad\u0131g\u00fcn rayonuna (tarixi Mesxeti) a\u011fac k\u0259sm\u0259 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olduqlar\u0131 \u0259razini t\u0259rk etdil\u0259r. G\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 burada ya\u015fayan t\u00fcrkdilli \u0259hali il\u0259 \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t Acarlara dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u00fcrk dili bilikl\u0259ri verdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrk dill\u0259rinin Qafqazda geni\u015f (x\u00fcsusil\u0259 inqilabdan \u0259vv\u0259lki ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259) yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259skunla\u015fma x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaq laz\u0131md\u0131r. Qara\u00e7aylar v\u0259 Balkarlar istisna olmaqla Qafqazdak\u0131 sonuncular d\u00fcz\u0259nlik v\u0259 da\u011f\u0259t\u0259yi b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri i\u015f\u011fal edir. T\u0259bii ki, y\u00fcks\u0259k da\u011fl\u0131q b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin sakinl\u0259rinin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ya\u015fayan \u0259hali il\u0259 davaml\u0131 iqtisadi \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri ilk d\u0259f\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rini bilm\u0259y\u0259 ehtiyac yarad\u0131rd\u0131. Yuxar\u0131da g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259nl\u0259r G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan \u0259halisin\u0259 eyni d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 aiddir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, k\u00f6hn\u0259 kp\u00e7\u0259ri maldarl\u0131q \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri say\u0259sind\u0259 (\u015eirak v\u0259 Trialeti) ki\u015fil\u0259rinin t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k imkan\u0131 qazanan Tu\u015finl\u0259r\u0259, qism\u0259n Kartaliyal\u0131lara v\u0259 Kaxetil\u0259r\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, bu dilin asan m\u0259nims\u0259nilm\u0259si \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bir rol oynay\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n odur ki, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n b\u0259zi b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259halisi aras\u0131nda (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Tetri-Tskaroi, Marneuli, Dmanisi) \u201cticar\u0259t\u201d dili kimi m\u00f6vqeyini qoruyub saxlamas\u0131\u201d faktd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u041d.\u0413. \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u042d\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0432 \u0413\u0440\u0443\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u0421\u0420 \/\/ \u042d\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u043e-\u0431\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435. \u041c., 1978. \u0421. 43-45.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201c\u0130ki dillilik, b\u0259z\u0259n \u00e7ox geni\u015f bir \u0259razini \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n ortaq etnik s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259qdird\u0259 d\u0259 inki\u015faf ed\u0259 bilir. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 &#171;ticar\u0259t&#187; dilinin (linqua franca)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34371,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34370","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=34370"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34370\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":34372,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34370\/revisions\/34372"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/34371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=34370"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=34370"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=34370"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}