{"id":36217,"date":"2021-04-28T01:45:21","date_gmt":"2021-04-27T21:45:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=36217"},"modified":"2021-04-28T11:14:45","modified_gmt":"2021-04-28T07:14:45","slug":"tariximizin-bir-parcasi-urum-turkl%c9%99ri-turk-dilli-rumlar-yunanlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=36217","title":{"rendered":"TAR\u0130X\u0130M\u0130Z\u0130N B\u0130R PAR\u00c7ASI URUM T\u00dcRKL\u018fR\u0130 (T\u00dcRK D\u0130LL\u0130 RUMLAR-YUNANLAR)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Urumlar (yun. \u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc, urum; t\u00fcrk. Urum, kr\u0131mtat. Urum) \u2014 \u0259sas\u0259n Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mperiyas\u0131nda v\u0259 Kr\u0131mda b\u0259zi t\u00fcrkdilli xalqlar (t\u00fcrkl\u0259r, Kr\u0131m tatarlar\u0131) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin yunan \u0259halisini adland\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn i\u015fl\u0259dil\u0259n ekzoetnonimdir. M\u00fcasir etnoqrafiyada bir qayda olaraq, yunanlar\u0131n t\u00fcrkdilli qruplar\u0131 urumlar (v\u0259 ya yunan-urumlar) adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Urum ad\u0131n\u0131 el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin xalkidon dinini q\u0259bul ed\u0259n v\u0259 zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 yunanla\u015fan qrupu da da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Lakin urumlar\u0131 xristian t\u00fcrkl\u0259r v\u0259 ya m\u00fcst\u0259qil etnos, yaxud o\u011fuz-q\u0131p\u00e7aq etnik qrupu hesab ed\u0259n t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar da var.

Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131nda 54 min n\u0259f\u0259r (2002-ci il siyah\u0131ya almas\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n), Ukraynada 91.548 n\u0259f\u0259r (2001-ci il siyah\u0131ya almas\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n), G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda 15.166 n\u0259f\u0259r urum ya\u015fay\u0131r.

R\u0259smi qaynaqlarda Yunan olaraq adland\u0131r\u0131lan Urumlar, \u00f6zl\u0259rini \u0259sla Yunan olaraq g\u00f6rm\u00fcrl\u0259r v\u0259 Yunanlardan dini inanclar\u0131 xaric tamam\u0259n f\u0259rqli olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131qca vur\u011fulamaqdad\u0131rlar. T\u00fcrk dilli Urumlar il\u0259 Yunan dilli Rumeyl\u0259r bir-birin\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmaqdad\u0131r v\u0259 h\u0259r ikisi birlikd\u0259 Qreko-Tatarlar (ya da Azov yan\u0131 Qrekl\u0259ri — \u0413\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0438 \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044c\u044f) ad\u0131yla da an\u0131lmaqdad\u0131rlar. Bu g\u00fcn Qreko-Tatarlar\u0131n n\u00fcfusu 120 il\u0259 130 min civar\u0131nda olub, bunlar\u0131n 60-65% -i Urum, geriy\u0259 qalanlar\u0131 is\u0259 Rumeydir. Urum v\u0259 Rumeyl\u0259rin 2001 -ci ilinki n\u00fcfuslar\u0131 ay\u0131rd etm\u0259k sizin birlik 77,5 min ki\u015fidir. K\u0131r\u0131mda ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 zaman q\u0259dimd\u0259n Rumeyl\u0259r\u0259 Tat, Urumlara is\u0259 Bazaryane ad\u0131 da verilmi\u015fdir. Urumlar aras\u0131nda Tat balas\u0131, Urum balas\u0131 (\u00abRum cocu\u011fu, Urum balas\u0131d\u0131r\u00bb) atalar s\u00f6z\u00fc i\u015fl\u0259nir.

Ail\u0259 qurulu\u015fu, g\u0259l\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259ri Anadolu v\u0259 bu \u0259trafda ya\u015fayan dig\u0259r T\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131yla b\u0259nz\u0259rdir. D\u00fcy\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259ki r\u0259qsl\u0259r K\u0131r\u0131m Tatar T\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin oynamalar\u0131 kimidir.

G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan Urumlar\u0131, yaxud Qafqaz Urumlar\u0131: G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n g\u00fcneyind\u0259 Kvemo Kartli b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 olan Tsalka (Barmaqs\u0131z) \u015f\u0259hrind\u0259 ya\u015fayan ve 18-ci \u0259srd\u0259n 20-ci \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259rki Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mparatorlu\u011fundan k\u00f6\u00e7 ed\u0259n Ortodoks Xristiyan T\u00fcrkl\u0259rdir. Ana dill\u0259ri t\u00fcrkc\u0259dir. 1979-ci il siyah\u0131ya almas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandak\u0131 Urumlar\u0131n say\u0131 30.811 n\u0259f\u0259rdir.

T\u00fcrkiy\u0259li ara\u015fd\u0131rma\u00e7\u0131lar, Urum T\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan topluluqlar\u0131n b\u00f6lg\u0259y\u0259 iki dal\u011fa hal\u0131nda g\u0259ldiyini qeyd edirl\u0259r. \u0130lk dal\u011fa 18-ci \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandak\u0131 m\u0259d\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaq \u00fczr\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015fdir. \u0130kinci dal\u011fa is\u0259 XIX \u0259srd\u0259 g\u0259li Abxazya v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7 ed\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u00c7\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rin yerin\u0259 Kuban B\u00f6lg\u0259sin\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Lakin rumlu t\u00fcrkl\u0259r bunu q\u0259bul etmirl\u0259r v\u0259 zaman-zaman xristian t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n qovdu\u011funu qeyd ed\u0259rl\u0259r v\u0259 bu siyas\u0259t 15-ci v\u0259 16-c\u0131 \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u00fcs\u0259t alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bu g\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin\u0259 sevgi il\u0259 yana\u015fan Rumlu t\u00fcrkl\u0259r T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin\u0259 nifr\u0259tl\u0259 yana\u015farlar. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 sonrak\u0131 yaz\u0131larda geni\u015f a\u00e7\u0131qlamalar ver\u0259c\u0259yik.

T\u0259xmin\u0259n 1821-1825 -ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Trabzon, Giresun, \u018frzurum ve Kars ill\u0259rind\u0259n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n Tselka b\u00f6lg\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259n v\u0259 oradan da 1981-1986 -ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Kr\u0131m, Donetsk v\u0259 Dnepr \u0259traf\u0131na yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n 2-3 min civar\u0131nda Urumdan da s\u00f6z edilm\u0259kd\u0259dir. T\u00fcrkc\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan Trabzon Grekl\u0259ri olaraq bilin\u0259n bu qrup, \u00f6zl\u0259rinin Qarad\u0259nizin q\u00fczeyind\u0259n Balkanlara yay\u0131lan Q\u0131p\u00e7ak, Pe\u00e7enek v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r T\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin xristianla\u015fan qal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 iddia etm\u0259kd\u0259dirl\u0259r.

G\u00fcney Azov d\u0259nizinin \u0259traf\u0131nda yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Urum T\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin 4 c\u00fcr a\u011fz\u0131 vard\u0131r: Q\u0131p\u00e7ak-Polovets, K\u0131p\u00e7ak-O\u011fuz, O\u011fuz-K\u0131p\u00e7ak, O\u011fuz. Bu a\u011f\u0131zlarlardak\u0131 var olan leksik x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r dil\u00e7il\u0259r tam ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, bu \u00fczd\u0259n elm d\u00fcnyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 qaranl\u0131q olaraq qalmaqdad\u0131r.

Kr\u0131ml\u0131 Urumlar, Kr\u0131m Tatar T\u00fcrkc\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7ox yax\u0131n olan Urum T\u00fcrkc\u0259sini dan\u0131\u015fmaqdad\u0131rlar. Anadoludan \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f olan Urumlar\u0131n dili is\u0259 Urum T\u00fcrkc\u0259sinden f\u0259rql\u0259nir v\u0259 daha \u00e7ox O\u011fuz grupu l\u0259hc\u0259l\u0259ri\u0259 v\u0259 Anadolunun Qars, \u018frzurum a\u011fz\u0131na yax\u0131nd\u0131r. Sonradan, Anadolu \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015fl\u0131 Urumlar\u0131n dialektl\u0259ri Qars, \u018frzurum dialektidir, y\u0259ni Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sidir. Kr\u0131m \u00e7\u0131xan Urumlar\u0131n dialektleri is\u0259 Kr\u0131m Tatar T\u00fcrkc\u0259sidir.

A. Qarkavets\u0259 v\u0259 V. Baranovaya g\u00f6r\u0259 Ukraynadaki Urumlar\u0131n dili d\u00f6rd grupa ayr\u0131l\u0131r:

1. B\u00f6y\u00fck Yanisol, Be\u015fev, Mangu\u015f: O\u011fuz \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259ri \u00e7ox az olan.
2. Krmen\u00e7uk, Bagat\u0131r, Ulakl\u0131: O\u011fuz \u00fcns\u00fcrlar\u0131 az bilin\u0259n.
3. Karan, Laspi, Kamar, \u0130qnatyevka: O\u011fuz \u00fcns\u00fcrlar\u0131 bilin\u0259n.
4. Mariapol, Star\u0131y Kr\u0131m: O\u011fuz \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u00fc Q\u0131p\u00e7ak \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259riyl\u0259 qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q.

Bu g\u00fcnd\u0259n etibar\u0259n \u00f6z din ayr\u0131 qarda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sizl\u0259r\u0259 tan\u0131dacaq v\u0259 haylar\u0131n \u018frm\u0259n tarixini nec\u0259 o\u011furlad\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131q. Rumlu t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti Anadolu v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259ridir. Qaraba\u011fdan ba\u015flanan yollar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 bu g\u00fcn kazak olmaq da, hay omaq da, yunan (qrek) olmaq da var. \u00d6z tariximiz\u0259 sahib \u00e7\u0131xmaq zorunday\u0131q. Buna m\u0259cburuq. T\u0259nb\u0259lliyin da\u015f\u0131n\u0131 at\u0131b bu var-d\u00f6vl\u0259t h\u0259risl\u0259rin\u0259 bu mill\u0259tin \u015fanl\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015fini anlatmaq bizim borcumuzdur. \u00c7\u00fcnki ke\u00e7mi\u015fi olmayan\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi d\u0259 yoxdur. Amma bilin ki, bu xalq\u0131n \u00e7ox \u015fanl\u0131 v\u0259 a\u011fla s\u0131\u011fmayacaq d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir ke\u00e7mi\u015fi var.

Bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 bu toplu sahibsiz burax\u0131l\u0131b. T\u0259kc\u0259 dinl\u0259ri ba\u015fqad\u0131r dey\u0259 \u00f6z qarda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 tan\u0131m\u0131r\u0131q. 100 ill\u0259rdir yunan v\u0259 ruslar bir xalq\u0131 \u0259ritm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131na baxmayaraq biz seyr\u00e7i qalmaqday\u0131q. Amma h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 gec deyil. «T\u00fcrk\u00fcn t\u00fcrkd\u0259n ba\u015fqa dostu yoxdur» deyib f\u0259l\u0259stinlil\u0259r\u0259 a\u011flayan t\u00fcrk tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7ox c\u0131l\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. M\u0259zlumsansa, s\u0259n t\u00fcrk deyils\u0259n!

Fedai.az-\u0131 izl\u0259yin…

P.S. Yaz\u0131da ensklopedik m\u0259lumatlardan istifad\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir.

Fedai.az Ara\u015fd\u0131rma Qrupu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li>
  • \"\"<\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Urumlar (yun. \u039f\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc, urum; t\u00fcrk. Urum, kr\u0131mtat. Urum) \u2014 \u0259sas\u0259n Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mperiyas\u0131nda v\u0259 Kr\u0131mda b\u0259zi t\u00fcrkdilli xalqlar (t\u00fcrkl\u0259r, Kr\u0131m tatarlar\u0131) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin yunan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":36221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36217","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36217"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36217\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36239,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36217\/revisions\/36239"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/36221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36217"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36217"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}