{"id":36282,"date":"2021-04-29T11:36:48","date_gmt":"2021-04-29T07:36:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=36282"},"modified":"2021-04-29T11:36:53","modified_gmt":"2021-04-29T07:36:53","slug":"tarixi-s%c9%99n%c9%99dl%c9%99rl%c9%99-qaramanli-ortodoks-turkl%c9%99r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=36282","title":{"rendered":"TAR\u0130X\u0130 S\u018fN\u018fDL\u018fRL\u018f QARAMANLI ORTODOKS T\u00dcRKL\u018fR"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Do\u00e7.Dr.Yonca ANZERL\u0130O\u011eLU<br><br>Tarix boyunca geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyada h\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u00fcr\u0259n T\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda az rastlanan bir xo\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc ortam\u0131nda Buddizm, Manixeizm, Yahudilik, M\u00fcs\u0259lmanl\u0131q v\u0259 Xristiyanl\u0131q kimi f\u0259rqli inanclar varl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 davam etdir\u0259 bilmi\u015fdir.<br><br>Bu bax\u0131mdan, Xristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00f6z\u0259llikl\u0259 d\u0259 do\u011fu xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, \u0130\u00e7 Asiyaya \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Nasturi kilis\u0259sinin T\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda q\u0259bul edildiyi v\u0259 h\u0259tta Xorasandan bir T\u00fcrk\u00fcn g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t bu kilis\u0259nin patrikliyini etdiyi d\u0259 bu g\u00fcn q\u0259bul edil\u0259n bir tarixi ger\u00e7\u0259kdir (1281-1317).<br><br>Bundan ba\u015fqa Qara d\u0259nizin q\u00fczeyi v\u0259 oradan da Balkanlara ke\u00e7\u0259n T\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda da Bizans Kilis\u0259sinin b\u0259lli bir v\u0259zif\u0259 y\u00fcr\u00fctd\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 bu missiya n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 Ortodoksluq inanc\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259lum co\u011frafyada ya\u015famaya ba\u015flayan v\u0259 Bizans \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6n\u0259mli bir problem hal\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259n Hunlar, Bulqarlar, Pe\u00e7enekl\u0259r, Uzlar v\u0259 Kuman-K\u0131p\u00e7aklar aras\u0131nda q\u0259bul olunmas\u0131 bilinm\u0259kd\u0259dir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br><br>Bizans kilis\u0259sinin bu missiyas\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 Xristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131 kilis\u0259 bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6n\u0259mli oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 Bizans d\u00f6vl\u0259t siyas\u0259ti bax\u0131m\u0131ndan da ayr\u0131 bir \u00f6n\u0259m\u0259 sahib olmu\u015fdur. Balkanlardak\u0131 T\u00fcrk varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Bizansa qar\u015f\u0131 bir t\u0259hlik\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 T\u00fcrk topluluqlar\u0131n\u0131 bir-birin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n Bizans d\u00f6vl\u0259ti, yen\u0259 bu siyas\u0259tl\u0259 T\u00fcrk topluluqlar\u0131na mensub xristiyan olan bir \u00e7ox T\u00fcrk\u00fc, Bizans ordusunda xidm\u0259t\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 Anadolu topraqlar\u0131na, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 Kapadokiya b\u00f6lg\u0259sin\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015ftirdiyi bilinm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede 1071-ci il Malazgirt Sava\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 sonras\u0131nda Miryakefalon Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Bizans ordusunda olan minl\u0259rc\u0259 T\u00fcrkd\u0259n Bizans tarix\u00e7\u0131l\u0259rinin b\u0259hs etdiyi bilinir.<br><br>B\u0259nz\u0259r \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, Bizans Kilis\u0259sinin T\u00fcrk topluluqlar\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f missiyas\u0131na b\u0259nz\u0259r \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 Roma Katolik kilis\u0259sinin d\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259r bir siyas\u0259t y\u00fcr\u00fctd\u00fcy\u00fc bilinir. 14-c\u00fc \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 aid olan &#171;Codex Cumanicus&#187; adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259r bunun \u00f6n\u0259mli n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Roma Katolik kilis\u0259si, ist\u0259rs\u0259 Bizans kilis\u0259si, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 Nasturi kilis\u0259si faaliy\u0259tl\u0259ri n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 xristiyanl\u0131q m\u0259zh\u0259bl\u0259ri T\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lma imkan\u0131 tapmas\u0131n\u0131 dey\u0259 bil\u0259rik.<br><br>B\u00fct\u00fcn bu ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259r \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f v\u0259 var olan mill\u0259t sistemi daxilind\u0259 Ortodokslu\u011fu m\u0259nims\u0259mi\u015f dig\u0259r topluluqlar gibi Rum mill\u0259ti kateqoriyas\u0131na daxil edil\u0259n Qaramanl\u0131lar da bu tarixi ger\u00e7\u0259kliyin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131rm\u0131?<br><br>Onlar, T\u00fcrk y\u00f6n\u0259timinin basq\u0131lar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 inanclar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk etm\u0259kd\u0259ns\u0259 dill\u0259rini t\u0259rk etm\u0259yi se\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k Rumcadan vaz ke\u00e7\u0259n v\u0259 T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fmaq zorunda qalan xristiyan Rumlarm\u0131, yoxsa xristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259bul ed\u0259n T\u00fcrkl\u0259rdirmi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/fSSC14.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"36283\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=36283\" class=\"wp-image-36283\"\/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"439\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/LlX7Q1.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"36284\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=36284\" class=\"wp-image-36284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/LlX7Q1.png 439w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/LlX7Q1-193x300.png 193w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/LlX7Q1-97x150.png 97w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 439px) 100vw, 439px\" \/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/alRZd2.png\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"36285\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/alRZd2.png\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=36285\" class=\"wp-image-36285\"\/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bizans kilis\u0259sinin siyas\u0259ti n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Balkanlardak\u0131 T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Ortodokslu\u011fu m\u0259nims\u0259diyi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 Anadoludak\u0131 T\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 bu inanc\u0131 m\u0259nims\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r olmu\u015fdurmu? Osmanl\u0131 idar\u0259si sonras\u0131nda yeni T\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin Lozan Bar\u0131\u015f Andla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nc\u0259 Yunan\u0131stan il\u0259 imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrk-Yunan \u018fhali M\u00fcbadil\u0259si andla\u015fmas\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 Yunanistanda ya\u015fayan Q\u0259rbi Trakya xaric, M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 ya\u015fayan \u0130stanbul xaric, Rumlar Yunan\u0131stana zorla k\u00f6\u00e7 etdirilirk\u0259n Anadoludak\u0131 milli M\u00fccadil\u0259y\u0259 Papa Eftim \u00f6nd\u0259rliyind\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k olmu\u015f Fener Rum Patrikxan\u0259sind\u0259n bax\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 elan ed\u0259r\u0259k Kayserid\u0259 bir T\u00fcrk Ortodoks kilis\u0259si quraraq v\u0259 Anadoluda Ortodoksluq S\u0259das\u0131 ad\u0131yla bir d\u0259 q\u0259zet \u00e7\u0131xararaq T\u00fcrkl\u00fckl\u0259rini dil\u0259 g\u0259tirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Qaramanl\u0131 Ortodokslar ger\u00e7\u0259kd\u0259n T\u00fcrk d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131rlarm\u0131?<br><br>Zehinl\u0259ri m\u0259\u015fgul ed\u0259n bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n yazan bu m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259, ad\u0131 ke\u00e7\u0259n Qaramanl\u0131 Ortodokslar\u0131n tarixd\u0259ki izl\u0259ri tarixi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda v\u0259 2000-ci ild\u0259 Yunan\u0131standa apar\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada \u0259ld\u0259 edil\u0259n s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r \u00e7er\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 inc\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaqdad\u0131r. Sonuc olaraq onlar\u0131n dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131 t\u0259miz T\u00fcrkc\u0259l\u0259ri, sahib olduqlar\u0131 ad\u0259t, g\u0259l\u0259n\u0259k v\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259ri xaricind\u0259, bu g\u00fcn Qaqauz T\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin Anadolu T\u00fcrkl\u00fcy\u00fc il\u0259 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131kqanmas\u0131nda \u00f6n\u0259mli bir tarixi ger\u00e7\u0259k olaraq \u0130zzeddin Keykavusun qarda\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 taxt m\u00fccadil\u0259si sonras\u0131 Bizans d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmas\u0131ndan sonra ortaya \u00e7\u0131xan olaylarla paralel olaraq Bizans ordusunda xidm\u0259t ed\u0259n minl\u0259rc\u0259 Uz, Kuman, Pe\u00e7enek T\u00fcrk\u00fc yan\u0131nda ayr\u0131 bir \u0259sg\u0259ri birim olarak Bizans ordusunda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahip olan T\u00fcrkopollerin Anadolu T\u00fcrkmenleri olduklar\u0131, Qaramanl\u0131 ismi ile an\u0131lan Bizans ordusunda v\u0259zif\u0259 da\u015f\u0131yan T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin oldu\u011fu bu g\u00fcn Yunan v\u0259 q\u0259rb qaynaqlar\u0131nda m\u00f6vcuddur.<br><br>Bunu t\u0259sdiql\u0259y\u0259n &#171;Osmanl\u0131 \u015eeriye Sicilleri v\u0259 Tapu Tahrir Defterleri&#187; d\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rsaq Anadolunun f\u0259rqli n\u00f6qt\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 bir \u00e7ox ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yerl\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015famaqda olan M\u00fcs\u0259lman T\u00fcrkl\u0259r d\u0259 daxil rastlanmayacaq bir \u0259razid\u0259 \u00f6z T\u00fcrkc\u0259 isiml\u0259r da\u015f\u0131yan Ortodoks \u0259halinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaqday\u0131q.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu m\u0259zmunda, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Qaramano\u011fullar\u0131 B\u0259yliyinin h\u00f6km s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc Orta Anadolu v\u0259 buna b\u0259nz\u0259r \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 c\u0259nub M\u0259rm\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259si olduqca diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kici bir x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t\u0259 malikdir deyil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n, bu g\u00fcn art\u0131q \u0259ld\u0259ki tarixi m\u0259lumatlar g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, bir zamanlar \u00f6z q\u0259zetl\u0259ri v\u0259 kils\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 T\u00fcrk olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya elan etm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq zorla Yunan\u0131stana g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015f olsalar da he\u00e7 bir zaman Yunan c\u0259miyy\u0259ti i\u00e7ind\u0259 \u0259rim\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259 davaml\u0131 &#171;T\u00fcrkospori&#187;, y\u0259ni T\u00fcrk toxumu olaraq adland\u0131r\u0131lan Qaramanl\u0131 Ortodokslar geni\u015f T\u00fcrk inancl\u0131 toleriantl\u0131q co\u011frafiyas\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sidir.<br><br>Tarixi m\u0259lumatlarda Qaramanl\u0131 Ortodoks T\u00fcrkl\u0259ri (Giri\u015f)<br><br>Lozanna dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n davam etdiyi d\u00f6vrd\u0259 1923-ci ilin yanvar ay\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 Yunan\u0131stan aras\u0131nda imzalanan T\u00fcrk-Yunan \u018fhali m\u00fcbadil\u0259si adl\u0131 Konvensiya v\u0259 Protokola uy\u011fun olaraq Q\u0259rbi Trakiya istisna olmaqla Yunan\u0131standa ya\u015fayan yunan \u0259silli m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar il\u0259 \u0130stanbul xaric, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrk \u0259silli Rum Ortodokslar qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcbadil\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalmas\u0131na q\u0259rar verildi. Bu m\u0259zmunda, Yunan\u0131standa ya\u015fayan m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlarla Anadoluda ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn Ortodokslar qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 k\u00f6\u00e7 etm\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qald\u0131lar.<br><br>Bu k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn Milli M\u00fcbariz\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fc \u0259rzind\u0259 Yunan ordusunun ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k olan Rum Ortodokslar\u0131ndan f\u0259rqli olaraq, Anadolunun i\u015f\u011fal\u0131na onlar\u0131n tam t\u0259rsi olan bir m\u00fcnasib\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n F\u0259n\u0259r Rum Ortodoks Patrikxan\u0259si Ankara h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin yan\u0131nda yer almaqla son d\u00f6vrd\u0259 qurmu\u015f olduqlar\u0131 Anadolu T\u00fcrk Ortodoks Patriarxl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n dam\u0131 alt\u0131nda toplananlar aras\u0131nda \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 T\u00fcrk Ortodokslar dey\u0259n Qaramanl\u0131 Ortodokslar\u0131 da \u0259hat\u0259 etmi\u015fdi.<br><br>Yuxar\u0131da qeyd edildiyi kimi Milli M\u00fccadil\u0259nin son d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rini a\u00e7\u0131q bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 T\u00fcrk Ortodoks olaraq adland\u0131ran v\u0259 o tarixl\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 Ortodoks Rum c\u0259miyy\u0259ti i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 ayr\u0131 bir kimlikl\u0259 &#171;Z\u0131mmiyan-\u0131 Karaman v\u0259 ya Karamanyan&#187; olaraq adland\u0131r\u0131lan bu birlik \u00fczvl\u0259rinin kim olduqlar\u0131 bu g\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fczakir\u0259 edil\u0259n bir m\u00f6vzu olmu\u015fdur. Bu m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 Qaramanl\u0131 Ortodokslar\u0131n bu tarixi m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259ki izl\u0259rini \u0259ld\u0259ki m\u0259lumatlar i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ara\u015fd\u0131raca\u011f\u0131q.<br><br>Din v\u0259 Dil<br><br>Osmanl\u0131 idar\u0259\u00e7iliyi alt\u0131nda dinin \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fc Mill\u0259t sistemi daxilind\u0259 Ortodoks mill\u0259ti t\u0259rkibin\u0259 daxil edil\u0259n Qaramanl\u0131lar\u0131n da, b\u00fct\u00fcn dig\u0259r birlikl\u0259r kimi, ictimai varl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n t\u0259m\u0259l \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc dinl\u0259ri meydana g\u0259tirmi\u015fdi. \u0130\u00e7ind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f olduqlar\u0131 c\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 bax\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dinl\u0259ri, onlar\u0131 dig\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n ay\u0131ran \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bir x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri idi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ancaq bu x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri q\u0259d\u0259r, onlara xitab olaraq q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131nan Yunan \u0259lifbas\u0131 il\u0259 T\u00fcrkc\u0259 yaz\u0131lan v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyatda Karamanl\u0131ca \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r olaraq adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin xitablar\u0131 xaricind\u0259 \u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri olaraq \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin dili diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259km\u0259kd\u0259dir. Karamanl\u0131ca \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 xristianlar v\u0259 ya Anadolu xristianlar\u0131, Ortodoks Xristianlar, qarda\u015f xristianlar v\u0259 dinda\u015f olaraq xitab edilmi\u015fdir (Balta 1990: 82) v\u0259 onlara xitab olaraq yaz\u0131lan bu kitablar Yunan deyil, T\u00fcrkc\u0259dir.Osmanl\u0131 idar\u0259si alt\u0131nda \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259ti t\u0259yin edici faktorun din olmas\u0131 bax\u0131m\u0131ndan Patrikxan\u0259 d\u0259 din v\u0259 soy aras\u0131nda ba\u011f oldu\u011fu inanc\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda dini xitablar\u0131n \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 t\u0259bii olaraq q\u0259bul edilm\u0259lidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br><br>19-cu v\u0259 20-ci \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 xalq-d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin meydana g\u0259lm\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259, F\u0259n\u0259r Rum Ortodoks Patrikxan\u0259sinin b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259yl\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq, bu insanlar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259rini bir Yunanl\u0131 olaraq ifad\u0259 etm\u0259dikl\u0259ri d\u0259 diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kicidir. Yunan\u0131stan bir Qaramanl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn V\u0259t\u0259n v\u0259 ya m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259t \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131las\u0131 bir yer deyil. Onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn v\u0259t\u0259n Anadoludad\u0131r. Elines-Yunan, yunanca dan\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 bildirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan bir termindir. He\u015f biri yunanca dan\u0131\u015fmaz, yunanl\u0131 deyil, Anadolu Rumlar\u0131d\u0131r. Dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131 dil t\u0259miz T\u00fcrkc\u0259, ancaq sad\u0259 t\u00fcrk dilidir (Balta 1990: 84).<br><br>Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, onlar\u0131n inanc olaraq, eyni dini Yunanlarla b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcrm\u0259si v\u0259 Ortodoks Kils\u0259sin\u0259 aid olmas\u0131d\u0131r. R\u0259smi olaraq yunanlarla eyni dini payla\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131 v\u0259 ortodoks Kils\u0259sin\u0259 aid olmalar\u0131na baxmayaraq, bu, yunan milli \u015f\u00fcurunu da\u015f\u0131maq dem\u0259k deyil. \u00c7\u00fcnki, 19-cu \u0259sr \u0259rzind\u0259 var olan milliyy\u0259t\u00e7ilik h\u0259rakatlar\u0131 il\u0259 Patrikxan\u0259nin Yunan\u0131stan d\u0259st\u0259kli f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rinin \u0259sl\u0259n Yunan etnik \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259tin\u0259 sahib olduqlar\u0131 t\u0259bli\u011fatlar\u0131na \u00e7ox az Qaramanl\u0131 m\u00fcsb\u0259t cavab vermi\u015fdir. Yunan\u0131standak\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259, h\u0259tta s\u0259ssiz v\u0259 ilgisiz qalaraq Yunan\u0131stan arzulayan m\u00fcsb\u0259t yana\u015fma g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259dil\u0259r (Benlisoy v\u0259 Benlisoy 2000: 83-84).<br><br>Karamanl\u0131lar inanc olaraq Yunanl\u0131larla eyni kils\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259nsub olub, Ortodoks inanc\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259l\u0259b etdiyi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r xaricind\u0259 Yunanl\u0131 Ortodokslarla \u00e7ox da b\u0259nz\u0259rlikl\u0259ri yoxdur, \u0259ksin\u0259 sosial-m\u0259d\u0259ni strukturlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 daha \u00e7ox m\u00fcs\u0259lman T\u00fcrk qon\u015fular\u0131na ciddi ox\u015farl\u0131qlar g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kd\u0259dirl\u0259r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/26RmEq.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-36286\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t, qa\u00e7\u0131lmaz olaraq Qaramanl\u0131lar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131l\u0131nda bir dualizm\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Bu dilemman\u0131n \u0259n t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc elementi dildir. M\u00fcs\u0259lman t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri il\u0259 eyni kateqoriyas\u0131nda ortodoks oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 meydana \u00e7\u0131xan dilemma, dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131 dil bax\u0131m\u0131ndan ayd\u0131n \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr:<br><br>Ger\u00e7i Rum isek de Rumca bilmez T\u00fcrk\u00e7e s\u00f6yleriz<br>Ne T\u00fcrk\u00e7e yazar okuruz ne de Rumca s\u00f6yleriz<br>\u00d6yle bir mahludi hatt\u0131 tarikatimiz vard\u0131r<br>Hurufumuz Yonanice T\u00fcrk\u00e7e meram eyleriz(\u015eakiro\u011flu 1974: 761_)<br><br>Dil, c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rin sahib olduqlar\u0131 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin \u0259n vacib elementidir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rin b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u0259d\u0259ni varl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259sill\u0259raras\u0131 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm yer tutur. Bu bax\u0131mdan, ikinci n\u0259sil Qaramanl\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcbadil\u0259 zaman\u0131 T\u00fcrkc\u0259nin qorunmas\u0131 ayd\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<br><br>Ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 idar\u0259si alt\u0131nda Karamanl\u0131lar s\u0131x olaraq ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 co\u011frafi \u0259razid\u0259n v\u0259 eyni zamanda Osmanl\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda q\u00fcvv\u0259tli bir T\u00fcrkm\u0259n b\u0259yliyi olaraq uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t m\u00fcbariz\u0259 etmi\u015f olan Karamano\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00f6km s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc, Orta Anadolunun \u0259sas al\u0131naraq edil\u0259n ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar ortaya maraql\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"774\" height=\"671\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/XMj746.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-36288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/XMj746.png 774w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/XMj746-300x260.png 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/XMj746-150x130.png 150w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/XMj746-768x666.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 774px) 100vw, 774px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br><br>Bu bax\u0131mdan, t\u00fcrkdilli ortodoks n\u00fcfusunun s\u0131x oldu\u011fu bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 yunan dilli k\u0259ndl\u0259rin olmas\u0131 diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kir. Bel\u0259 ki, Orta Anadoluda \u00fcmumi 81 camaat i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 T\u00fcrkc\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan Ortodoks camaat say\u0131 49 ik\u0259n Yunanca dan\u0131\u015fanlar yaln\u0131z 32 camaatdan ibar\u0259t idi. \u0130\u00e7 q\u0259rbi Anadoluda is\u0259 m\u00f6vcud 19 m\u0259skunla\u015fma vahidind\u0259n 14-\u00fc T\u00fcrkc\u0259, 5-i Yunanca, Antalya v\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131nda var olan b\u00fct\u00fcn 6 q\u0259s\u0259b\u0259 t\u00fcrkdilli ortodokslardan ibar\u0259t idi (Dawkins 1916: 10-38, Pas\u00e7alid v\u0259 Aleksandris ty: 20).<br><br>Bu m\u0259lumatlara \u0259saslanaraq, t\u00fcrkdilli ortodoks \u0259halinin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu, m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlarla birg\u0259 ya\u015fayaraq ticar\u0259ti v\u0259 ya basq\u0131lar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131qlamaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil.<br><br>Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, 2000-ci ild\u0259 Yunan\u0131standa apar\u0131lan t\u0259dqiqat i\u015fl\u0259ri Yunan\u0131standa ya\u015fayan Qaramanl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda t\u00fcrkc\u0259nin h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu v\u0259 yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayd\u0131n oldu. Yunan\u0131stan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 apar\u0131lan ara\u015fd\u0131rmalarda Qaramal\u0131lar\u0131n m\u0259lumat m\u00fcbadil\u0259 \u00f6nc\u0259si Anadolunun k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dil il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131. Bu m\u0259zmunda, Yunan\u0131standa Karditsaya ba\u011fl\u0131 Kapadokiko k\u0259ndi sakinl\u0259rinin g\u00fcnd\u0259lik h\u0259yatlar\u0131nda \u00f6z aralar\u0131nda T\u00fcrkc\u0259ni davam etdirm\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 g\u0259nc n\u0259sill\u0259r\u0259 bizim dilimiz dedikl\u0259ri T\u00fcrkc\u0259ni \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bir n\u00fcmun\u0259 say\u0131la bil\u0259r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kayserinin \u00c7ukur K\u00f6y\u00fc, m\u00fcs\u0259lman v\u0259 ortodoks m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q bir k\u0259nd olub. 78 ya\u015f\u0131ndak\u0131 Maria S\u00fcto\u011flu, k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan dil il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar olaraq bunlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259di: \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fuyorlard\u0131. Buraya gelincik de T\u00fcrk\u00e7e konu\u015fuyorduk. Urumca bilen yok idi. \u00c7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131z bilmiyordu Urumca.Yasak ettiler bizim dilimizi mektepte\u201d.<br><br>Qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q bir k\u0259nd kimi \u00c7uxur n\u00fcmun\u0259si bir t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 burax\u0131laraq \u0259hali qurulu\u015fu olaraq yaln\u0131z Ortodokslardan ibar\u0259t Kayseriy\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 Ta\u015fl\u0131k k\u0259ndin\u0259 bax\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda is\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan dil il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar Serafim Papadopoulos: &#171;&#8230; Urumcan\u0131 burda \u00f6yr\u0259ndil\u0259r&#187; deyir. Serafim Papdopoulosun b\u00f6y\u00fck qarda\u015f\u0131 Mixail Papadopoulos is\u0259 k\u0259ndin v\u0259ziyy\u0259tini bu \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131qlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131: &#171;185 xana vard\u0131. Alay\u0131 da Rumudu, T\u00fcrk z\u0259ngin idi v\u0259 k\u0259ndl\u0259rin\u0259 yax\u0131n bir m\u00fcs\u0259lman k\u0259ndi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131&#187; bildirmi\u015fdi. 88 ya\u015f\u0131ndak\u0131 Sultan \u00c7i\u00e7eko\u011flu is\u0259 k\u0259ndd\u0259 yen\u0259 &#171;T\u00fcrkc\u0259ni &#8230; Urumca kim bilir &#8230; T\u00fcrkc\u0259 &#8230;.&#187; dan\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131- dey\u0259rk\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir m\u00f6vzuya diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259km\u0259kd\u0259dir v\u0259 kils\u0259d\u0259 ibad\u0259t ed\u0259rk\u0259n d\u0259: &#171;T\u00fcrkc\u0259, oxuyurdular&#187; -dey\u0259r\u0259k dan\u0131\u015fma dili il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, &#171;ibad\u0259t dili T\u00fcrkc\u0259dir&#187;- ifad\u0259sini d\u0259 vur\u011fulad\u0131.<br><br>\u00dcrg\u00fcp\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131, iki m\u00fcs\u0259lman k\u0259nd aras\u0131ndak\u0131 Potamya-Ba\u015fk\u00f6y v\u0259 Melekopi-Derinkuyu k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 is\u0259 \u0259hali t\u0259rkibi etibaril\u0259 yaln\u0131z Ortodoks \u0259hali olub g\u00fcnd\u0259lik dan\u0131\u015f\u0131q dili rumcad\u0131r. Potamya-Ba\u015fk\u00f6yd\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131lan dil il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar 84 ya\u015f\u0131ndak\u0131 Suzanna Evyenidou evd\u0259 Yunanca dan\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, xal\u00e7a toxuculu\u011funda, ticar\u0259t \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rini icra ed\u0259rk\u0259n d\u0259 T\u00fcrkc\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015fdir. Yen\u0259, Ekaterini Evyenidou da k\u0259ndd\u0259 Yunanca dan\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, k\u0259nd xalq\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkc\u0259ni d\u0259 anlad\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131, laz\u0131m oldu\u011funda d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fa bildiklerini dil\u0259 g\u0259tirm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Evyenidou, evd\u0259 Yunan\u0131stan dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131na toxunaraq, \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131nda maraql\u0131 bir n\u00f6qt\u0259y\u0259 toxundu. Evyenidou anan\u0131n gec\u0259 yatmadan \u0259vv\u0259l bel\u0259 bir duas\u0131 var:<br><br>\u201cAnam s\u00f6yl\u0259rdi: Aman Panaiyam, tatl\u0131 panaiyam sa\u011fdan sola yokla panaiyam. Yoklayas\u0131nda bekleyesin. Hristos efendinin kilitleri ba\u015f\u0131ma yast\u0131k. Yatt\u0131m sa\u011f\u0131ma d\u00f6nd\u00fcm soluma melekler \u015fahad olsun datl\u0131 can\u0131ma, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f dinime,alt\u0131n iman\u0131ma. Ben de proskinis (?) edeyim gideyim mekan\u0131ma\u201d8.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"723\" height=\"622\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/lqRgdg.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-36290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/lqRgdg.png 723w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/lqRgdg-300x258.png 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/lqRgdg-150x129.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 723px) 100vw, 723px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br>Bu duan\u0131n \u201cYatt\u0131m sa\u011f\u0131ma, d\u00f6nd\u00fcm soluma \u015fahit olsun melekler dinime iman\u0131ma e\u015fhed\u00fcenlailaheillallah ve e\u015fhed\u00fcennamuhammed\u00fcnresulallah\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259ki m\u00fcs\u0259lman T\u00fcrkl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n edil\u0259n duaya b\u0259nz\u0259rliyin\u0259 burada diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259km\u0259k g\u0259r\u0259kdir.<br><br>(Ard\u0131 var)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Do\u00e7.Dr.Yonca ANZERL\u0130O\u011eLU Tarix boyunca geni\u015f bir co\u011frafyada h\u00f6k\u00fcm s\u00fcr\u0259n T\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda az rastlanan bir xo\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fc ortam\u0131nda Buddizm, Manixeizm, Yahudilik, M\u00fcs\u0259lmanl\u0131q v\u0259 Xristiyanl\u0131q kimi f\u0259rqli<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":36289,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36282"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36282\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36291,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36282\/revisions\/36291"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/36289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}