{"id":36672,"date":"2021-05-03T03:04:30","date_gmt":"2021-05-02T23:04:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=36672"},"modified":"2021-05-03T20:19:51","modified_gmt":"2021-05-03T16:19:51","slug":"muq%c9%99dd%c9%99s-susanik-adliqiz-kim-olub","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=36672","title":{"rendered":"M\u00dcQ\u018fDD\u018fS \u015eU\u015eAN\u0130K ADLI QIZ K\u0130M OLUB ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0130slamiyy\u0259td\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259ki \u0259cdadlar\u0131m\u0131z monast\u0131rlar tikdirmi\u015f, h\u00fccr\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 kils\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259ngin n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini yaratm\u0131\u015flar. Bel\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n biri V \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131nan \u201cM\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s \u015eu\u015fanikin iztirablar\u0131\u201dd\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erm\u0259nil\u0259r son zamanlara q\u0259d\u0259r iddia edirdil\u0259r ki, \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri \u015eu\u015fanik adl\u0131 q\u0131z\u0131n yayla\u011f\u0131nda sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Sonda iddia etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar ki, \u015eu\u015fa \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin ad\u0131 \u015eu\u015fi olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu\u015fanik adl\u0131 tarixi \u015f\u0259xsiyy\u0259t olubmu? Olub, ancaq onun erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 he\u00e7 bir aidiyy\u0259ti yoxdur. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u0130akov \u00c7oraporetsi, g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin \u0130akov \u00c7urtaveli adland\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 \u00c7orlu Yaqub \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259lumat vermi\u015fdir. Biz\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rin ilkin variant\u0131 yox, erm\u0259ni v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc dill\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259l\u0259ri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 g\u0259lib \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu aqioqrafik (aqioqrafiya \u2013 (yunanca) dind\u0259 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s elan edil\u0259n insanlar\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131 haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131) \u0259s\u0259r III Georginin zaman\u0131nda g\u00fcrc\u00fc dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 olunmu\u015f, \u0259lyazmas\u0131 1121-ci ild\u0259 katolikos I Antoninin \u0259mri il\u0259 K\u00fcr \u00e7ay\u0131na at\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.\u015eu\u015fanik \u0130beriya hakimi II \u018fr \u015eu\u015fan\u0131n o\u011flu Bars xan\u0131n xatunu idi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fr \u015eu\u015fa \u00f6l\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Bars xan \u0130beriyadan B\u0259rd\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015f, Sasanil\u0259rin vassal\u0131 kimi Aran vilay\u0259ti \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 h\u00f6kmran olmu\u015fdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0259rd\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259n sonra \u015eu\u015fanik saray\u0131n bambi\u015fi oldu. Bambi\u015f ba\u015f xan\u0131m dem\u0259kdir. Ba\u015f xan\u0131m \u015eu\u015fanik \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn yetiml\u0259rin anas\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Alban tarix\u00e7isi Musa Kaqankatuklu yaz\u0131r ki, \u015eu\u015fanik sarayda yetiml\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015fahan\u0259 s\u00fcfr\u0259 a\u00e7d\u0131rard\u0131. Yetiml\u0259r yeyib doymay\u0131nca \u0259lini s\u00fcfr\u0259y\u0259 uzatmazd\u0131. Bu m\u0259lumat onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda sahibsiz u\u015faqlara d\u00f6vl\u0259t qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n az\u0131 1500 illik tarixi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sasanil\u0259r Qafqaz\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal ed\u0259nd\u0259 \u015eu\u015fanikin qara g\u00fcnl\u0259ri ba\u015flad\u0131. Bars xan\u0131 II Y\u0259zdigerdin (438-457) saray\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131b t\u0259l\u0259b etdil\u0259r ki, \u00f6lk\u0259ni q\u0259dim fars \u0259xlaq\u0131 il\u0259 idar\u0259 etsin. Y\u0259ni Sasan kimi, Y\u0259zdigerd kimi \u00f6z qan\u0131ndan olanlarla ail\u0259 qursun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu\u015fanik yaban\u00e7\u0131 \u0259xlaqa qar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcsyan el\u0259di. Dedi ki, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0259cdadlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ruhlar\u0131 bizi ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamayacaq. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 qollar\u0131na qandal vurub zindana atd\u0131lar. O, yeddi il h\u0259bsxana z\u00fclm\u00fc \u00e7\u0259k\u0259r\u0259k Tanr\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259rgah\u0131na getdi. \u00d6l\u0259nd\u0259 v\u0259siyy\u0259t el\u0259di ki, n\u0259\u015fini qollar\u0131 qandall\u0131 m\u0259zara qoysunlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu\u015fanikin d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u0259 nifr\u0259ti dill\u0259rd\u0259 dastan oldu. Albaniyan\u0131n, \u0130veriyan\u0131n q\u0259bil\u0259 v\u0259 tayfalar\u0131 farslar\u0131n a\u011fal\u0131\u011f\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcsyana qalxd\u0131lar. \u0130veriyada Kimer \u0259silli Qorq Aslan hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldi. \u00c7inli Bakur n\u0259slinin k\u00f6m\u0259yil\u0259 sasanil\u0259ri \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259n qovdu. \u015eu\u015fanikin s\u00fcm\u00fckl\u0259rini q\u0259bird\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131b \u00c7or \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259fn el\u0259di. \u00c7orlu Yaqub onun ba\u015f\u0131na g\u0259tiril\u0259n zill\u0259ti q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131b dastan yaratd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r dastan\u0131n kim\u0259 aidliyi bar\u0259d\u0259 uzun zaman m\u00fcbahis\u0259 etdil\u0259r. Sonra raz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u0259ldil\u0259r ki, \u0259s\u0259r ortaq erm\u0259ni v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc \u0259d\u0259bi abid\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ar VI Vaxtanq\u0131n zaman\u0131nda 1712-ci ild\u0259 M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s \u201c\u015eu\u015fanikin iztirablar\u0131\u201d ikinci d\u0259f\u0259 redakt\u0259 edildi. G\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r bu redakt\u0259d\u0259n sonra Bars xan\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 Varsxen, erm\u0259nil\u0259r Vazqen kimi yazma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu\u015fal\u0131lar sonralar \u0130slam dinini q\u0259bul etdil\u0259r, yunanlarla, y\u0259hudi m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li baqrationlarla vuru\u015fa-vuru\u015fa \u00f6z varl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 qoruyub saxlad\u0131lar. Misir m\u0259ml\u00fckl\u0259ri H\u0259l\u0259b \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini tutub Anadoluya gir\u0259nd\u0259 Z\u00fclq\u0259d\u0259r o\u011flu \u015eahsuvar b\u0259y Bor\u00e7al\u0131 v\u0259 \u015eu\u015fa alplar\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. \u015eu\u015fal\u0131lar Z\u00fclq\u0259d\u0259r o\u011fullar\u0131 il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k Misir sultan\u0131n\u0131n Suriya valisi \u018fmir Ya\u015fb\u0259yin qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131 darmada\u011f\u0131n etdil\u0259r. Bu h\u0259min Ya\u015fb\u0259ydir ki, sonralar \u0130mad\u0259ddin N\u0259siminin d\u0259risini soydurmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu\u015fa s\u00fcvaril\u0259ri H\u0259l\u0259b d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259n qay\u0131danda iki yer\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u00fcl\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si Bor\u00e7al\u0131 b\u0259y il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Loru d\u0259r\u0259sind\u0259ki \u015eu\u015fa qalas\u0131na qay\u0131td\u0131. Bir hiss\u0259si Araz \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131 ke\u00e7ib Qaraba\u011fda yurd sald\u0131. 1721-ci ild\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 ordusu ba\u015f q\u0259rargah\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rtib etdiyi \u201cD\u0259ft\u0259ri-m\u00fcf\u0259ss\u0259li-Tiflis\u201dd\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilib ki, \u015eu\u015fal\u0131 camaat\u0131 K\u00fcr \u00e7ay\u0131 boyunca Qarayaz\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u0259 q\u0131\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aran Qaraba\u011f\u0131nda yurd salan \u015fu\u015fal\u0131lar Sar\u0131 baban\u0131n, Kirs da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259t\u0259yin\u0259 yayla\u011fa g\u0259l\u0259rdil\u0259r. C\u0131d\u0131r d\u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 at oynadard\u0131lar. X\u0259lf\u0259li d\u0259r\u0259sind\u0259ki \u015eu\u015fal\u0131 k\u0259ndinin \u0259halisi onlar\u0131n son qal\u0131qlar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu\u015fal\u0131lar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si d\u0259 Qarqar \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f sahilind\u0259 yurd salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Ruslar Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal ed\u0259nd\u0259 \u00c7anax\u00e7\u0131 m\u0259likl\u0259ri kimi onlar da xristian oldular v\u0259 t\u0259dric\u0259n \u00f6z soyda\u015flar\u0131ndan uzaqla\u015fd\u0131lar. Onlar\u0131n k\u0259ndi yerli l\u0259hc\u0259d\u0259 \u015e\u00fc\u015f\u00fck\u0259nd, \u0259halisi \u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcll\u00fc adlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu\u015fak\u0259ndin xristian \u0259halisi \u00f6z antropoloji qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259mir. Onlar g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin \u015eu\u015faeti adland\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 mahal\u0131n adamlar\u0131 kimi a\u011f\u00fczl\u00fc, mavig\u00f6zl\u00fc, sar\u0131\u015f\u0131n adamlard\u0131r. Dill\u0259rind\u0259 y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 t\u00fcrk s\u00f6z\u00fc vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6vliya \u00c7\u0259l\u0259bi XVII \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda \u015e\u0259kid\u0259 olark\u0259n yerli qocalar ona demi\u015fdil\u0259r ki, \u015e\u0259ki qalas\u0131n\u0131 iveriyal\u0131 m\u0259lik \u015eu\u015fa tikdirmi\u015fdir. S\u0259yyah v\u0259t\u0259nin\u0259 qay\u0131dark\u0259n Loru d\u0259r\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lik \u015eu\u015fan\u0131n iqam\u0259tgah\u0131n\u0131n xarabal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcrc\u00fc tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri Loru d\u0259r\u0259si il\u0259 Q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 k\u00f6rp\u00fc aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u015eu\u015fa vilay\u0259tini \u015eu\u015faeti adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. Sonra o etnik inzibati m\u0259kana \u015eu\u015feti ad\u0131 verdil\u0259r ki, etnotoponimin k\u00f6k\u00fcnd\u0259ki \u015eu\u015fa s\u00f6z\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259sin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir zaman \u0130veriyan\u0131n hakim n\u0259sill\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan \u018fn \u015eu\u015fa \u00f6vladlar\u0131 baqrationlarla uzun d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259n sonra T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rqin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur oldular. \u0130ndi onlar\u0131n mahal\u0131 \u015eav\u015fad adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Yax\u015f\u0131 olar ki, mahal\u0131n \u015eu\u015fa v\u0259 ya \u015eu\u015faeti ad\u0131 b\u0259rpa edilsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Akademik Nikolay Marr (1864-1934) 1910-cu ild\u0259 \u015eu\u015faeti mahal\u0131nda etnolinqvistik t\u0259dqiqat apard\u0131. K\u0259ndl\u0259ri bir-bir g\u0259z\u0259r\u0259k a\u011f\u0131z \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini toplad\u0131. 1911-ci ild\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 \u201c\u0414\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0428\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0442\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u041a\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0443\u044e\u201d \u0259s\u0259rini \u00e7ap etdirdi. Marr\u0131n bu kitab\u0131 t\u00fcrkoloji t\u0259dqiqat \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcst\u0259sna \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malikdir. G\u00f6rk\u0259mli dil\u00e7i alim yaz\u0131r: \u201c\u015eav\u015fetilil\u0259r n\u0259 zamansa G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandan k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcb g\u0259ldikl\u0259rini xat\u0131rlay\u0131rlar, ancaq onlar g\u00fcrc\u00fc dilini bilmirl\u0259r, \u00f6z dill\u0259rind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar\u201d. N.Marr onlar\u0131n folklorundan \u00e7oxlu n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259r verir, ancaq dill\u0259rinin t\u00fcrk dilin\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259m\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u00f6z demir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7\u0131x\u0131b baqlarda gezarsen,
Dertli baqrimi ezarsen.
Beyaz kaq\u0131za benzarsen,
Kalem tutmaz yazam seni.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu g\u0259rayl\u0131 \u201cKoro\u011flu\u201d dastan\u0131n\u0131n \u015eu\u015faeti variant\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dastan\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan variant\u0131 bu misralarla ba\u015flay\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Salam verdim, salam almaz,
G\u00f6r\u00fcm k\u0259ssin salam s\u0259ni.
Ax\u00e7as\u0131z, pulsuz a\u015f\u0131\u011fam,
Pulum yoxdu, alam s\u0259ni.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eu\u015faeti mahal\u0131n\u0131n adamlar\u0131 q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 kalem, ka\u011f\u0131za kaq\u0131z, pula ax\u00e7a, qap\u0131ya kapi deyirdil\u0259r. B\u0259zi tarix\u00e7il\u0259r yanl\u0131\u015f olaraq el\u0259 hesab edirl\u0259r ki, onlar t\u00fcrk deyill\u0259r, t\u00fcrkl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f g\u00fcrc\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cM\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s \u015eu\u015fanikin iztirablar\u0131\u201d kils\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u015fah \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Biz onun ilkin n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birini tapa bils\u0259k, yaln\u0131z \u0259d\u0259biyyat tariximizin yox, tarixi co\u011frafiyam\u0131z\u0131n bir \u00e7ox qaranl\u0131q m\u0259qamlar\u0131na ayd\u0131nl\u0131q g\u0259tir\u0259 bil\u0259rik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130lhami C\u018fF\u018fRSOY,
Filologiya \u00fczr\u0259 elml\u0259r doktoru, AMEA Dil\u00e7ilik \u0130nstitutu Q\u0259dim dill\u0259r v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259r \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin m\u00fcdiri<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130slamiyy\u0259td\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259ki \u0259cdadlar\u0131m\u0131z monast\u0131rlar tikdirmi\u015f, h\u00fccr\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 kils\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259ngin n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini yaratm\u0131\u015flar. Bel\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n biri V \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda q\u0259l\u0259m\u0259 al\u0131nan \u201cM\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s \u015eu\u015fanikin iztirablar\u0131\u201dd\u0131r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r son<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36672","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36672","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=36672"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36672\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36729,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36672\/revisions\/36729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=36672"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=36672"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=36672"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}