{"id":38128,"date":"2021-05-23T01:21:52","date_gmt":"2021-05-22T21:21:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=38128"},"modified":"2021-05-23T01:21:55","modified_gmt":"2021-05-22T21:21:55","slug":"ukraynanin-turk-%c9%99silli-kobzari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=38128","title":{"rendered":"UKRAYNANIN T\u00dcRK \u018fS\u0130LL\u0130 KOBZARI…"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0130lhami C\u0259f\u0259rsoy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ukraynan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015fairi Taras \u015eev\u00e7enko t\u00fcrkc\u0259 Kobzar titulu da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. Taras da, seb\u00e7i d\u0259, kobzar da t\u00fcrk s\u00f6zl\u0259ridir. Ukrayna v\u0259 t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131 yeni d\u00fcnya d\u00fcz\u0259nind\u0259 yaln\u0131z strateji t\u0259r\u0259fda\u015f deyill\u0259r, qan qohumlar\u0131d\u0131r. Biz mill\u0259tin ziyal\u0131 k\u0259simi olaraq bu tarixi ba\u011flar\u0131 elmi t\u0259dqiqat\u0131n obyektin\u0259 \u00e7evirm\u0259li, bizi sev\u0259nl\u0259ri sevindirm\u0259li, bizi sevm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 ortaq m\u00f6vqe ortaya qoymal\u0131y\u0131q.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Tokmak \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n 1212-ci ild\u0259 \u00f6l\u0259n bir qopuz\u00e7u ozan\u0131n m\u0259zar\u0131 tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Sin\u0259 da\u015f\u0131na Suriya \u0259lifbas\u0131 il\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

— Bu q\u0259bir Kobzar Menqu Ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131r. Menqu Ta\u015f nestorian t\u00fcrk idi (\u0421\u043b\u0443\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 1889.s.31). Nestorianl\u0131q yar\u0131 xristian, yar\u0131 yevrey m\u0259zh\u0259bind\u0259 olan bir t\u0259riq\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Kobzar qopuz\u00e7u \u0259r dem\u0259kdir. Kobzarlar \u00e7ald\u0131qlar\u0131 qopuzun s\u0259dalar\u0131 alt\u0131nda mahn\u0131lar oxuyar, dastanlar dan\u0131\u015fard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Kobzar v\u0259 qopuz s\u00f6zl\u0259rinin k\u00f6k\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259ki qu s\u00f6z\u00fc durur. T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin v\u0259 ukraynal\u0131lar\u0131n \u0259cdadlar\u0131 g\u00f6yl\u0259rd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n sehirli s\u0259sl\u0259r\u0259 qu deyirdil\u0259r. Buna uy\u011fun olaraq Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 \u201cqu des\u0259n, qulaq tutular\u201d deyimi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Mahmud Ka\u015f\u011fari yaz\u0131r ki, o\u011fuzlar saza, Abakan tatarlar\u0131 kaman\u00e7aya b\u0259nz\u0259y\u0259n musiqi al\u0259tin\u0259 qopuz deyirl\u0259r (Mahmud Ka\u015f\u011fari IV.2006.s.337; \u0420\u0430\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0432 1989.s.226).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sev\u00e7enko soyad\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6k\u00fcnd\u0259ki seb\u00e7i d\u0259 t\u00fcrk s\u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ukraynada ruslardan qabaq ya\u015fayan Dnepr kazaklar\u0131, uzlar, pe\u00e7eneql\u0259r, berendeyl\u0259r yaln\u0131z \u015fairl\u0259r\u0259 yox, h\u0259m d\u0259 pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 seb\u00e7i deyirdil\u0259r. \u00c7\u00fcnki onlar Tanr\u0131n\u0131n sebini, y\u0259ni s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc insanlara \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar.
Seb\u00e7i eyni zamanda cadug\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259, fal\u00e7\u0131lara deyilirdi. \u00c7okan Valixanov yaz\u0131r ki, qazaxlar ulduzlara bax\u0131b taled\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259r ver\u0259n fal\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 seb\u00e7i adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar (\u0427\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043d \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0445\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 1984.s.213).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ukraynal\u0131lar\u0131n slavyanla\u015fana q\u0259d\u0259rki ad\u0131 xaxol da t\u00fcrk s\u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr. Dnepr, Dnestr kazaklar\u0131 sa\u00e7lar\u0131n k\u0259narlar\u0131n\u0131 q\u0131rxar, ortas\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc uzad\u0131b, sa\u00e7 kimi h\u00f6r\u0259rdil\u0259r. H\u0259min h\u00f6r\u00fck axaxol adlan\u0131rd\u0131. Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259ki k\u0259kil s\u00f6z\u00fc xaxol etnik ad\u0131n\u0131n azca d\u0259yi\u015filmi\u015f formas\u0131d\u0131r.
L\u0259q\u0259bi xaxol olan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin bir oyma\u011f\u0131 islamiyy\u0259td\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l G\u00fcney Qafqazda yurd salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Albaniya il\u0259 \u0130veriya aras\u0131nda Xaxol v\u0259 Xatun monast\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (\u0410\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0448\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 1959.s.41; \u041c\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0442\u0431\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432 1938.s.66,73) fikrimizi t\u0259sdiq edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eev\u00e7enkonun Taras ad\u0131 da t\u00fcrkc\u0259dir. T\u00fcrk dill\u0259rinin tarixi leksikas\u0131nda ona Taras, Talas, Taraz v\u0259 Tiras formalar\u0131nda rast g\u0259lirik.
G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Ongin abid\u0259sind\u0259 bel\u0259 bir c\u00fcml\u0259 var. Mo\u00e7jo deyir ki, o, Al Taras Kavan elind\u0259 do\u011fulmu\u015fdur (R\u0259c\u0259bov, M\u0259mm\u0259dov 1993.s.44). El tayfa ittifaq\u0131d\u0131r. Ancaq h\u0259r tayfa ittifaq\u0131na t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259 el deyilmirdi. El\u0259 h\u0259rbi-siyasi birlikl\u0259r\u0259 el, elat deyilirdi ki, onun etnik qruplar\u0131 oturaq \u0259halid\u0259n ibar\u0259t olmas\u0131n, k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259k\u0259m\u0259 oymaqlardan ibar\u0259t olsun. Ongin abid\u0259sind\u0259ki yaz\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, Al Taras t\u0259r\u0259k\u0259m\u0259 icmas\u0131 VIII \u0259srd\u0259 Kavan elinin t\u0259rkibind\u0259 olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


VIII-XI \u0259sr \u0259r\u0259b tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri h\u0259m d\u0259 Tiras adland\u0131r\u0131rlar (\u0410\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432 1993.s.23). Tiras adl\u0131 t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131ndan biri IX-X \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259 yurd salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Bundan qabaq onlar bulqarlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar (\u041a\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0435\u0432 1932.s.74).
X\u0259z\u0259r xaqan\u0131 \u0130osifin Kordova x\u0259lif\u0259sinin v\u0259ziri Xasday ibn-\u015eafruta m\u0259ktubunda tiraslar\u0131n ad\u0131 t-r-s h\u0259rfl\u0259ri il\u0259 yaz\u0131ya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r (\u041a\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0435\u0432 1932.s.74; \u041f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430 1986.s.5-6). Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 b\u0259zi m\u0259tn\u015f\u00fcnaslar onu Taras, b\u0259zil\u0259ri Tiras kimi oxuyurlar.
Taras t\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 qollar\u0131 Ukraynadan \u0259lav\u0259 Qazax\u0131standa v\u0259 Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131z\u0131standa ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. IV \u0259srd\u0259 Qazax\u0131standa Taras adl\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r var idi (\u0413\u0443\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0432 1967.s.148; \u0428\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043d 1852.s.85).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Mahmud Ka\u015f\u011farinin divan\u0131nda Taras \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin ad\u0131 Taraz formas\u0131ndad\u0131r (Mahmud Ka\u015f\u011fari I. 2006.s.400, 444; \u0413\u0430\u0434\u0436\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430 1979.s.221). Bundan ba\u015fqa Talas vadisinin ad\u0131 da b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 Taraz \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 yaz\u0131ya al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ukraynadak\u0131 Dnestr \u00e7ay\u0131 Qazax\u0131standak\u0131 Taras \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri sal\u0131nandan \u2013 IV \u0259srd\u0259n \u00e7ox qabaq Tiras adlan\u0131rd\u0131 (\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0411\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 1867.s.178). Herodot yaz\u0131r ki, kimerl\u0259r d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 \u00f6l\u0259n yolda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 Tiras \u00e7ay\u0131 sahilind\u0259 torpa\u011fa tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131b, Ki\u00e7ik Asiyaya k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fcl\u0259r.
Bibliyan\u0131n birinci kitab\u0131n\u0131n be\u015finci f\u0259slind\u0259 veril\u0259n m\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259 Tiras Kimerin o\u011flu, Yaf\u0259sin n\u0259v\u0259sidir. Ba\u015fqa bir yevrey \u0259fsan\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Tiras Yaf\u0259s v\u0259 Toqarma n\u0259slind\u0259n olub, x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin \u0259cdadlar\u0131ndan biridir (\u041f\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430 1986.s.5-6). Moiseyin T\u00f6vrat\u0131nda is\u0259 Tiras Yaf\u0259sin o\u011fludur (Bak\u0131xanov 1951.s.35). Bessarabiyada Dnestr \u00e7ay\u0131 boyundak\u0131 Tiraspol \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini (\u0414\u044c\u044f\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 1958.s.19) onlar sal\u0131blar.
Tiraspol Tiras \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin yunanca ad\u0131d\u0131r. Yunan dilind\u0259 pol, polis \u015f\u0259h\u0259r, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259sk\u0259ni dem\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Kimerl\u0259r Ki\u00e7ik Asiyaya k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Tiras xalq\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si Albaniyada yurd sald\u0131. Musa Kaqan Katuklu yaz\u0131r ki, Tiraz xalq\u0131n\u0131n patriarx\u0131 488-ci ild\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n Alban kils\u0259 m\u0259clisind\u0259 i\u015ftirak etdi v\u0259 \u00f6z q\u0259bil\u0259si ad\u0131ndan m\u0259clisin q\u0259rar\u0131n\u0131 imzalad\u0131 (Albaniya tarixi 1993.s.75).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259tnd\u0259ki \u201c\u00f6z q\u0259bil\u0259si ad\u0131ndan\u201d deyimin\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetir\u0259k. Tiras xalq\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si xrsitian dininin q\u0259bul etmi\u015f, albanlarla qaynay\u0131b-qar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Tiraslar\u0131n ba\u015fqa bir xristian icmas\u0131 \u015e\u0259rqi Anadoluda Tirasxan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini salm\u0131rd\u0131r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r h\u0259min \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq Drasxanakert yaz\u0131rlar. Xan erm\u0259ni s\u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcrm\u00fc?<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Tirasxanlar\u0131n xristian qanad\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259slinin VI \u0259srd\u0259 Uvan adl\u0131 tarix\u00e7isi olmu\u015fdur. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r onu \u0130ovannes Drasxanakertsi adland\u0131r\u0131rlar (\u0428\u043e\u043f\u0435\u043d 1866.s.183; \u0414\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0440\u0446\u0438 \u0418\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0441 1986. giri\u015f). Tiras da, uvan da teonim m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li t\u00fcrk etnik adlar\u0131d\u0131r.
Tiraslar\u0131n \u0259n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fk\u0259n alplar\u0131 c\u0259nuba do\u011fru h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k Finikiyan\u0131 tutdular. Aral\u0131q d\u0259nizind\u0259 donanma yaratd\u0131lar. Ancaq ill\u0259r ke\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259n sonra \u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u00e7ox olan samil\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259\u011flub oldular. Aramey, ivri salnam\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 onlar Finikiyan\u0131n k\u00f6l\u0259 kastas\u0131 kimi xat\u0131rlan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gene D. Matlock yaz\u0131r ki, onlar k\u00f6l\u0259 olsalar da, a\u011falar kimi ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u00c7\u00fcnki atdan d\u00fc\u015fs\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, q\u0131l\u0131nc\u0131 q\u0131na qoymam\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. \u00d6z silahlar\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fcl\u0259rin xidm\u0259tind\u0259 olub, h\u0259rbi q\u0259nim\u0259td\u0259n pay al\u0131rd\u0131lar (Gene D. Matlock 2015.s.278).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Bibliyada bildirilir ki, Tiras d\u00f6rd b\u00f6y\u00fck Yaf\u0259s xalq\u0131ndan biridir. Onlar \u015fimal torpaqlar\u0131ndan k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcb g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k Finikiyan\u0131 tutmu\u015f, \u00e7ar Solomonun zaman\u0131nda eradan \u0259vv\u0259l 950-ci ild\u0259 Siciliya, Korsika, Sardiniya adalar\u0131na k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcb getmi\u015fl\u0259r (\u041c\u044e\u043b\u0435\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043d 1933.s.54,58).
Taras \u015eev\u00e7enkonun \u0259cdadlar\u0131 Qafqazda, \u00d6n Asiyada, Aral\u0131q d\u0259nizi adalar\u0131nda yad xalqlar aras\u0131nda \u0259riyib itdil\u0259r. \u00d6z tarixi v\u0259t\u0259nl\u0259rind\u0259 Dnepr v\u0259 Dnestr \u00e7aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda rus i\u015f\u011fal\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r qism\u0259n d\u0259 olsa, \u00f6z etnik kimlikl\u0259rini qoruyub saxlaya bildil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fg\u0259r Taras \u015eev\u00e7enkonun \u015feir dilinin 60 faizi t\u00fcrk s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t idis\u0259 (\u041c\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0410\u0434\u0436\u0438 1997.s.139), dem\u0259li Ukraynan\u0131n Kobzar titullu saz v\u0259 s\u00f6z sahibl\u0259ri rus i\u015f\u011fal\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r tamassimilyasiya olunmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Murad Adc\u0131 yaz\u0131r ki, Taras \u015eev\u00e7ekonun dilinin t\u00fcrk dili, ruhunun t\u00fcrk ruhu oldu\u011funu bildikl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 onun kitablar\u0131n\u0131n Rusiyada \u00e7ap olunmas\u0131na imkan vermirdil\u0259r (\u041c\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u0410\u0434\u0436\u0438 1997.s.139).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Biz AMEA N\u0259simi ad\u0131na Dil\u00e7ilik \u0130nstitutunda Ukraynal\u0131 Kobzar\u0131n \u015feirl\u0259rinin dilini t\u00fcrkoloji t\u0259dqiqat\u0131n obyektin\u0259 \u00e7evirm\u0259liyik. \u018fd\u0259biyyat \u0130nstitutunda obrazlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcrk xarakterini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259liyik. Tarix \u0130nstitutunda Ukrayna \u2013 Az\u0259rbaycan etnogenetik ba\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fkara \u00e7\u0131xarmal\u0131y\u0131q. Co\u011frafiya \u0130nstitutunda toponimik x\u0259rit\u0259l\u0259rini haz\u0131rlamal\u0131y\u0131q. \u018flyazmalar \u0130nstitutunun x\u0259ttil\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rinin ilkin n\u00fcsx\u0259l\u0259rinin sur\u0259tini \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259liyik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t orqanlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn elmi z\u0259min haz\u0131rlamal\u0131y\u0131q.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130lhami C\u0259f\u0259rsoy Ukraynan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u015fairi Taras \u015eev\u00e7enko t\u00fcrkc\u0259 Kobzar titulu da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. Taras da, seb\u00e7i d\u0259, kobzar da t\u00fcrk s\u00f6zl\u0259ridir. Ukrayna v\u0259 t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131 yeni<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38128","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38128"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38128\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38131,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38128\/revisions\/38131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38128"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38128"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38128"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}