{"id":42262,"date":"2021-07-08T02:51:29","date_gmt":"2021-07-07T22:51:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=42262"},"modified":"2021-07-08T02:51:32","modified_gmt":"2021-07-07T22:51:32","slug":"nam%c9%99lum-muharib%c9%99-silsil%c9%99sind%c9%99n-iran-sovet-sosialist-respublikasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=42262","title":{"rendered":"NAM\u018fLUM M\u00dcHAR\u0130B\u018f S\u0130LS\u0130L\u018fS\u0130ND\u018fN: \u0130RAN SOVET SOS\u0130AL\u0130ST RESPUBL\u0130KASI"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

IV Qacar\u2013Rusiya m\u00fcharib\u0259sinin 100 illiyin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015fdur<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131z Az\u0259rbaycan tarixinin \u0259n qaranl\u0131q s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri \u2013 1920-1921-ci ill\u0259rin Qacar\u2013Rusiya m\u00fcharib\u0259si bar\u0259sind\u0259dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rusiya il\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lki m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Qacarlar d\u00f6vl\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015fimal\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn Qafqaz\u0131 itirmi\u015fdi. O vaxt h\u0259l\u0259 he\u00e7 kim t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr bel\u0259 ed\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi ki, bu hadis\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 hans\u0131 faci\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 d\u00fc\u00e7ar ed\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259\u00e7ilik siyas\u0259ti y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u0259n \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259ti \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259rb b\u00f6lg\u0259sin\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259ri k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259kl\u0259 buran\u0131 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan aras\u0131nda bufer zonas\u0131na \u00e7evirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Lakin Rusiya imperiya bununla kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259k niyy\u0259tind\u0259 deyildi. S\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, Rusiyan\u0131n \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259fi Qacar m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259tini i\u015f\u011fal edib c\u0259nubda \u0130ran k\u00f6rf\u0259zinin sahill\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmaq, \u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 is\u0259 Hindistana m\u00fcmk\u00fcn q\u0259d\u0259r yax\u0131nla\u015fmaq idi. H\u0259tta 1917-ci ilin bol\u015fevik \u00e7evrili\u015fi bel\u0259, bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin xarici siyas\u0259tinin strategiyas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259sas istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rini d\u0259yi\u015fdirm\u0259di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1920-ci il aprelin 28-d\u0259 sovet Rusiyas\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 istila etdi. Bundan c\u0259mi 19 g\u00fcn sonra \u2013 may\u0131n 17-d\u0259 Fyodor Raskolnikovun (1892-1939) v\u0259 Serqo Orconikidzenin (1886-1937) komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda rus q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ordusunun hiss\u0259l\u0259ri a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n apard\u0131qlar\u0131 g\u0259mil\u0259ri geri qaytarmaq b\u0259han\u0259si il\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131n Gilan vilay\u0259tin\u0259 soxuldular. Onlar q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 g\u0259mil\u0259ri geri ald\u0131lar, lakin bu \u00f6lk\u0259ni t\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259sm\u0259dil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Art\u0131q 1920-ci il iyunun 5-d\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259ryan\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 Gilan Sovet Sosialist Respublikas\u0131 elan edildi. Bu respublikaya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdil\u0259r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

— h\u00f6kum\u0259tin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u2013 islam\u00e7\u0131 Mirz\u0259 K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck xan (1881-1921);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

— xarici i\u015fl\u0259r komissar\u0131 \u2013 bol\u015fevik Seyid C\u0259f\u0259r Pi\u015f\u0259v\u0259ri (1892-1947);<\/p>\n\n\n\n

— h\u0259rbi komissar \u2013 \u00e7ar polkovniki v\u0259 sovet komandiri Vasili Karqaleteli (1880-1946)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1920-ci il avqustun 14-d\u0259 sovet h\u0259rbi m\u00fc\u015favirl\u0259rinin r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdikl\u0259ri \u0130ran q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ordusu Tehran istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7di. Lakin Q\u0259zvin \u0259traf\u0131nda \u015fah qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fidd\u0259tli m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti il\u0259 rastla\u015fan q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131lar m\u0259\u011flub olub geri \u00e7\u0259kildil\u0259r. D\u00fc\u015fm\u0259ni t\u0259qib ed\u0259n Qacar ordusu R\u0259\u015ft \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin\u0259 daxil oldu. Avqustun 23-d\u0259 S.Orconikidzenin \u0259mri il\u0259 XI ordunun 28-ci at\u0131c\u0131 diviziyas\u0131n\u0131n 244-c\u00fc alay\u0131 t\u0259cili sur\u0259td\u0259 R\u0259\u015ft\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rildi. A\u011f\u0131r d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259n sonra bol\u015fevikl\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri yenid\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal etdil\u0259r. C\u0259bh\u0259 x\u0259tti sabitl\u0259\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u015fiy\u0259.<\/strong> Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, qondarma \u201c\u0130ran q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 ordusu\u201dnun bir hiss\u0259si erm\u0259nil\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi. B\u0259dnam qon\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z burada da Rusiya imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259lalt\u0131s\u0131 rolunda \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etdil\u0259r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1921-ci il iyunun 5-d\u0259 GSSR \u0130ran Sovet Sosialist Respublikas\u0131 adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bundan bir ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00fcn sonra q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131lar yenid\u0259n Z\u0259ncan v\u0259 Tehran istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Lakin Qacar ordusu onlar\u0131n bu h\u0259ml\u0259sini d\u0259 d\u0259f etdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovet Rusiyas\u0131 1921-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 8-d\u0259 \u00f6z qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ran \u0259razisind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131. Z\u0259nnimizc\u0259, bu add\u0131m\u0131n \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bi h\u0259rbi v\u0259 ya siyasi u\u011fursuzluqlar deyildi. \u018fksin\u0259, Rusiya \u00f6z m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir hiss\u0259sin\u0259 nail olmu\u015fdu. Bu, \u0259slind\u0259, taktiki geri\u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259 idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1921-ci il noyabr\u0131n 2-d\u0259 Qacar ordusu \u0130ran\u0131n Gilan \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 suverenliyini b\u0259rpa etdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atmas\u0131na baxmayaraq bu m\u00fcharib\u0259 Qacarlar s\u00fclal\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sl f\u0259lak\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Davaml\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259ti z\u0259ifl\u0259tdi v\u0259 1921-ci ilin 21 fevral \u00e7evrili\u015fi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rait yaratd\u0131. H\u0259min \u00e7evrili\u015fin iki \u0259sas r\u0259hb\u0259rind\u0259n biri \u2013 Rza xan P\u0259hl\u0259vi \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 ordu komandan\u0131, 100 g\u00fcn sonra is\u0259 ba\u015f nazir oldu. 1921-ci ilin iyunundan etibar\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 real hakimiyy\u0259t onun \u0259lind\u0259 idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1925-ci il dekabr\u0131n 12-d\u0259 bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirildi. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, \u0259sas\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u00f6kmdar v\u0259 alim A\u011fa Muh\u0259mm\u0259d \u015fah Qacar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qoyulmu\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259silli s\u00fclal\u0259 s\u00fcquta u\u011frad\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fc\u0259llif: Millikimlik Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 qrupunun \u00fczv\u00fc Araz \u015e\u018fHR\u0130L\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

IV Qacar\u2013Rusiya m\u00fcharib\u0259sinin 100 illiyin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015fdur Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131z Az\u0259rbaycan tarixinin \u0259n qaranl\u0131q s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri \u2013 1920-1921-ci ill\u0259rin Qacar\u2013Rusiya m\u00fcharib\u0259si bar\u0259sind\u0259dir. Rusiya il\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lki<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":42266,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42262","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42262","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=42262"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42267,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42262\/revisions\/42267"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/42266"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=42262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=42262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=42262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}