{"id":42657,"date":"2021-07-12T03:17:20","date_gmt":"2021-07-11T23:17:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=42657"},"modified":"2021-07-12T03:17:24","modified_gmt":"2021-07-11T23:17:24","slug":"kuzey-kafkasya-guney-kafkasya-ve-kirimda-gokturk-imparatorlugu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=42657","title":{"rendered":"KUZEY KAFKASYA, G\u00dcNEY KAFKASYA VE KIRIM’DA G\u00d6KT\u00dcRK \u0130MPARATORLU\u011eU"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu-Great Turkish Khanate (542-744)»The siege of Kerch, which was carried out by the G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Empire against the Byzantine Empire in the Crimea, is a turning point in terms of the existence of the G\u00f6kt\u00fcrks in the Crimean North Caucasus and Southern Caucasus.»<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011funa kar\u015f\u0131 K\u0131r\u0131m’da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi Ker\u00e7 ku\u015fatmas\u0131, G\u00f6kt\u00fcrklerin K\u0131r\u0131m Kuzey Kafkasya ve G\u00fcney Kafkasya’da ki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131d\u0131r.Ker\u00e7 Ku\u015fatmas\u0131:Ker\u00e7 Ku\u015fatmas\u0131, G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk-Bizans ittifak\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131 \u00fczerine 576 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bukan Ka\u011fan komutas\u0131ndaki G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk ordusu’nun ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi bir ku\u015fatmad\u0131r.Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu ile Sasani \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu aras\u0131nda 571 y\u0131l\u0131ndan ba\u015flay\u0131p 590 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrecek olan sava\u015f ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ker\u00e7 kalesi<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bu sava\u015flar s\u0131ras\u0131nda bat\u0131ya do\u011fru G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk ilerleyi\u015fi devam ediyordu. Kafkasya’n\u0131n kuzeyindeki Kuban Irma\u011f\u0131 havzas\u0131, sonra Azerbaycan, G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler’in eline ge\u00e7ti (1).(1): Bizans tarih\u00e7ileri Menandros ve Th. Simokattes’ten naklen Ligeti, ayn\u0131 yer; H. W. Haussig, Theophlaktos Excurs \u00dcber die Skytischen V\u00f6lker», Byzantion, XIII, 1954, s. 375 vd.; K. Czegledy, «A. Korai K\u00f6zlemenyek, XV, 1-2, 1960, s. 125’ten Kafeso\u011flu, s. 96; Grignaschi, ayn\u0131 yer.Ancak, 570 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu, Tuna dolaylar\u0131nda Avarlar’a yenilmi\u015f ve G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Ka\u011fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile olan antla\u015fmas\u0131na ters olarak Avarlar ile anla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun ittifaka uygun hareket etmemesi \u00fczerine ilerleme durdu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun antla\u015fmay\u0131 bozan bu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 576 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130stemi Yabgu’nun \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc s\u0131ralar\u0131nda \u0130mparator II. Tiberius taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6nderilen el\u00e7i Valentinos ve heyetini Aral G\u00f6l\u00fc b\u00f6lgesinde kar\u015f\u0131layan T\u00fcrk-\u015ead taraf\u0131ndan su\u00e7lanmas\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.[3](3): Ligeti, 70, 71.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u015ead, 576 y\u0131l\u0131nda Konstantinopolis’ten g\u00f6nderilen Bizans el\u00e7isi Valentinos’un kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda on parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fz\u0131na sokarak \u015fu s\u00f6zleri s\u00f6yledi: Sizler \u015fu on dil ve sadece bir tek dalavere bilen Romal\u0131lar de\u011fil misiniz? \u015eimdi nas\u0131l on parmak a\u011fz\u0131m\u0131n i\u00e7indeyse, siz Romal\u0131lar da daha fazla dil kullan\u0131yorsunuz. Biriyle beni, di\u011feriyle de benim tebaam olan Avarlar’\u0131 kand\u0131r\u0131yorsunuz. Zaten her t\u00fcrl\u00fc konu\u015fmalara ve sinsice \u00e7arelere ba\u015fvurup b\u00fct\u00fcn halklar\u0131 kand\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra onlar\u0131 bir de k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, onlar\u0131 horlay\u0131p alaya al\u0131yorsunuz, kendinize ise \u00e7\u0131kar sa\u011flamay\u0131 biliyorsunuz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

B\u00f6ylece siz el\u00e7iler de yalanlarla donanm\u0131\u015f olarak bana geldiniz ve sizi g\u00f6nderen de ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde bir yalanc\u0131d\u0131r. Sizleri \u015fimdi hi\u00e7 vakit kaybetmeden ortadan kald\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir T\u00fcrk erke\u011fi i\u00e7in yalan s\u00f6ylemek tamamen al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ve yabanc\u0131 bir \u015feydir. \u0130mparatorunuz ise, benimle dostane ili\u015fki s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, bizim tebaam\u0131z ve efendilerinden ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olan Avarlar ile ittifak kurdu\u011funu iddia etti\u011fi i\u00e7in, hak etti\u011fi cezay\u0131 bulacakt\u0131r. Ancak bunlar T\u00fcrk tebaas\u0131 olarak, benim istedi\u011fim anda elbette tekrar bana d\u00f6neceklerdir ve benim kam\u00e7\u0131m\u0131 \u00fczerilerinde savrulur g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerinde de yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna kadar ka\u00e7acaklard\u0131r ancak, bize kafa tutarlarsa ki, muhtemeldir, o zaman k\u0131l\u0131\u00e7larla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmeyecekler ancak atlar\u0131m\u0131n nallar\u0131 alt\u0131nda ezilecekler ve kar\u0131nca gibi yok edilecekler. Avarlar gelince bundan emin olabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ancak neden siz Romal\u0131lar benim el\u00e7ilerimin Bizans’a Kafkaslar \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7melerini sa\u011flad\u0131n\u0131z ve bana, yolculuk edebilecekleri ba\u015fka bir yolun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediniz? Bunu yaln\u0131zca, arazinin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcklerinden dolay\u0131 Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’na sald\u0131rmaya yana\u015fmayay\u0131m diye yapt\u0131n\u0131z. Ancak ben, Dinyeper’in de, Tuna’n\u0131n da, Meri\u00e7’in de nereden akt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve bizim k\u00f6lelerimiz olan Avarlar’\u0131n nereden do\u011fru Roma b\u00f6lgelerine ge\u00e7tiklerini \u00e7ok iyi biliyorum. Ben sizin g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc \u00e7ok iyi tan\u0131yorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00fcne\u015fin do\u011fdu\u011fu yerden batt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn yery\u00fcz\u00fc bana t\u00e2bidir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siz sefiller, Alan halklar\u0131n\u0131 ve Onogurlar’\u0131n (Otuz Ogur) kavimlerini aldatt\u0131n\u0131z. Bunlar b\u00fct\u00fcn cesaretiyle ve kendi g\u00fc\u00e7lerine g\u00fcvenerek, zapt edilemez T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na dikildiler, ancak \u00fcmitlerinin hi\u00e7birisi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi. Bundan dolay\u0131 bize itaat ediyorlar ve bir k\u00f6lenin rol\u00fcne boyun e\u011fiyorlar.Bizans el\u00e7ileri G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler’i en b\u00fcy\u00fck yaslar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda rahats\u0131z etmi\u015flerdi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc o s\u0131rada \u0130stemi Yabgu \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve yas\u0131 tutuluyordu. Ayr\u0131ca Bizans el\u00e7ileri yas t\u00f6renine uymay\u0131p y\u00fczlerini b\u0131\u00e7akla kesmemi\u015flerdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk-\u015ead’\u0131 k\u0131zd\u0131ran bir di\u011fer olay da Azerbaycan’da T\u00fcrk ilerleyi\u015fini durdurmak i\u00e7in Sabar T\u00fcrkleri k\u00fctlelerinin Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu taraf\u0131ndan ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.Ku\u015fatma Ve Sonu\u00e7:Bizans el\u00e7isi Valentinos ve heyeti T\u00fcrk-\u015ead ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinden sonra yeni G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk ka\u011fan\u0131 Tardu ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme yapmak \u00fczere Ak-Da\u011f’a (Latince Ek-ta\u011f, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e Alt\u0131n Da\u011f ve \u00c7ince Pei-shan)[4] gitti.(4): R. Giraud, L’Empire des Turc Celestes, Paris, 1961; Grousset, s. 96.El\u00e7ilik heyeti d\u00f6nerken T\u00fcrk-\u015ead’\u0131n komutanlar\u0131ndan, kaynaklarda ad\u0131 Bukhanus, Bohan olarak da ge\u00e7en Bukan Ka\u011fan Ukrayna’da bulunan Ker\u00e7 (Bosforos) Kalesi’ni fethetti. Bu fetih ile birlikte G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Ka\u011fanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 do\u011fuda Man\u00e7urya’dan, bat\u0131da da Karadeniz’e kadar uzanarak en geni\u015f s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f oldu.[5](5): Chavannes, s. 226 vd; Grousset, s. 97; Kafeso\u011flu, s. 98; Ligeti, s. 73; Grignoschi, s. 236, 237<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6yle ki bu fetihten be\u015f y\u0131l sonra, 581 y\u0131l\u0131nda G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkler, Bizans \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu’nun elinde bulunan bir di\u011fer kalenin, Kersonesos Kalesi’nin surlar\u0131 \u00f6n\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcler.[6](6): Grousset, s. 97; Chavannes, s. 233-252.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murat Poyraz «Kara\u00e7ay-Malkarl\u0131lar»<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al\u0131nt\u0131: Selim Sar\u0131soy<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu-Great Turkish Khanate (542-744)»The siege of Kerch, which was carried out by the G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk Empire against the Byzantine Empire in the Crimea, is<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":42660,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-42657","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-turkish"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42657","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=42657"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42657\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42661,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42657\/revisions\/42661"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/42660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=42657"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=42657"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=42657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}