{"id":4361,"date":"2020-04-17T05:28:13","date_gmt":"2020-04-17T01:28:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=4361"},"modified":"2020-04-17T05:28:18","modified_gmt":"2020-04-17T01:28:18","slug":"turkl%c9%99r-nec%c9%99-mus%c9%99lman-oldular","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=4361","title":{"rendered":"T\u00dcRKL\u018fR NEC\u018f M\u00dcS\u018fLMAN OLDULAR?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\u041d\u0430<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Erdo\u011fan AYDIN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u0130slam\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259l\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda n\u0259 bilirik? Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7ox \u015fey bildiyimizi s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259k olmaz. \u00c7\u00fcnki t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman olmalar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda n\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259 tarix kitablar\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat verilm\u0259yib. Veril\u0259n m\u0259lumatlardan \u0130slam\u0131 dinl\u0259y\u0259 T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman olduqlar\u0131 ifad\u0259 edilir. Bu real deyil. H\u0259qiq\u0259ti bilm\u0259k arzuolunmazd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diyan\u0259tin bu bar\u0259d\u0259 dedikl\u0259rin\u0259 bax\u0131n: T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u0130slama giri\u015fi T\u00fcrk mill\u0259tinin tarixind\u0259 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f n\u00f6qt\u0259si oldu v\u0259 \u0130slam \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yax\u015f\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r verdi. T\u00fcrkl\u0259r \u0130slam dinini he\u00e7 bir m\u0259cburiyy\u0259t olmadan \u00f6z ist\u0259kl\u0259ri il\u0259 q\u0259bul etdil\u0259r. Bunun \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1) \u0130slam dini v\u0259 \u0130slam sivilizasiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fc.
2) \u0130slama girm\u0259zd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin k\u00f6hn\u0259 dini inanclar\u0131 \u0130slami inama yax\u0131n idi. \u0130slam\u0131n g\u0259tirdiyi \u00fcst\u00fcn prinsipl\u0259r T\u00fcrk mill\u0259tinin ruhuna v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi qurulu\u015funa uy\u011fun idi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

«He\u00e7 bir m\u0259cburiyy\u0259t olmadan» ifad\u0259si b\u00f6y\u00fck bir yaland\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 s\u0259n\u0259di s\u0259birl\u0259 oxusan\u0131z bunu g\u00f6r\u0259c\u0259ksiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ox maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc, Turan\u00e7\u0131 x\u0259ttli siyas\u0259t aparanlar bu m\u00f6vzuda h\u0259qiq\u0259ti gizl\u0259tm\u0259l\u0259ri is\u0259 \u00e7ox maraql\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259m t\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc olmaq, h\u0259m d\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin tarixind\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fdikl\u0259ri \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259h\u015filik v\u0259 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlatmamaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 \u0130slam m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n, T\u0259b\u0259ri v\u0259 Z\u0259k\u0259riya Kitap\u00e7\u0131 kimi \u0130slam tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan toplanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin q\u0131l\u0131ncla islamla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat 670-ci ill\u0259r\u0259 aiddi, t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 biz\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt \u00f6yr\u0259dilm\u0259di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu q\u0131sa tarixi \u00f6yr\u0259ndikd\u0259, 670-ci ild\u0259n 740-c\u0131 ill\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r davam ed\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259rin, \u0130slam\u0131n zorla T\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259bul edilm\u0259sinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rinin biz\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 izah edilm\u0259m\u0259sinin s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacaq. Ke\u00e7mi\u015f 70 illik tarix\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fr\u0259bl\u0259rin t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 ilk h\u00fccumlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Seyhun v\u0259 Ceyhun \u00e7aylar\u0131 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259 tarixi ip\u0259k yolu \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259dir. T\u00fcrk \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259ri bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259ki Buxara, S\u0259m\u0259rq\u0259nd, Talkan, Baykent kimi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar, pamb\u0131qdan ka\u011f\u0131z haz\u0131rlay\u0131rd\u0131lar v\u0259 d\u0259ri m\u0259mulatlar\u0131 sataraq, yax\u015f\u0131 pul qazan\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bu istehsallarla yana\u015f\u0131, q\u0131z\u0131l m\u0259d\u0259nl\u0259ri d\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259dirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Mete<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

X\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259 ad\u0131 z\u0259ngin \u015f\u0259h\u0259r dem\u0259k olan S\u0259m\u0259rq\u0259ndin o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u0259fsan\u0259vi z\u0259nginliyinin oldu\u011fu deyilirdi. Bu s\u0259rv\u0259t talan\u00e7\u0131 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rin i\u015ftah\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rsa da, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259n qorxurdular v\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d kimi qoyduqlar\u0131 Ceyhun \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131 ke\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259sar\u0259t etmirdil\u0259r. \u00c7\u00fcnki \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r x\u0259lif\u0259 Osman\u0131n d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d ibn Ceririn \u0259mri il\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r \u0130slam\u0131 yaymaq b\u0259han\u0259si il\u0259 oralar\u0131 talan etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 2700 n\u0259f\u0259rlik bir ordu il\u0259 F\u0259rqan\u0259y\u0259 girdil\u0259r, ancaq T\u00fcrkl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u0259hv edildil\u0259r. Ancaq sonradan Muaviye t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Ceyhun \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda qalan Horasan\u0131n tam i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 il\u0259 bu b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 ilk \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 v\u0259 islamla\u015fma c\u0259hdl\u0259ri ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buxaran\u0131n talan edilm\u0259si<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xorasan\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tam i\u015f\u011fal edilm\u0259sind\u0259n h\u0259v\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259n \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r 673-c\u00fc ild\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 Xorasan valisi olan Ubeydullah bin Ziyad 24000 n\u0259f\u0259rlik bir ordu il\u0259 Ceyhun \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131 ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k Kibac Hatunun r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi altda olan Buxaran\u0131 m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 ald\u0131lar. Kibac Hatun dig\u0259r t\u00fcrk b\u0259ylikl\u0259rind\u0259n k\u00f6m\u0259k ist\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, ona k\u00f6m\u0259k edilmir v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r itkil\u0259ri \u00e7ox olmas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 Buxaran\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal ed\u0259 bilm\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, tamamil\u0259 talan edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha sonra Muaviy\u0259nin ikinci Xorasan valisi, x\u0259lif\u0259 Osman\u0131n o\u011flu da Buxaraya h\u00fccum etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rla\u015f\u0131r. Dig\u0259r T\u00fcrk b\u0259ylikl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n k\u00f6m\u0259k edilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yini anlayan Kibac Hatun, S\u0259idl\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fmal\u0131 olur. Bu raz\u0131la\u015fmaya g\u00f6r\u0259, Kibac Hatun, S\u0259idin dig\u0259r T\u00fcrk b\u0259ylikl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 h\u00fccumlarda onlara qar\u015f\u0131 dumayaca\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 Buxaradak\u0131 t\u00fcrk zad\u0259ganlar\u0131ndan bu t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyin qarant\u0131 olaraq \u0259sirliy\u0259 verir (B\u0259zi tarix\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 50, dig\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 80 n\u0259f\u0259rdir.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu raz\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n verdiyi rahatl\u0131qla S\u0259id \u00e7oxdan var-d\u00f6vl\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 e\u015fitdiyi S\u0259m\u0259rq\u0259nd\u0259 h\u00fccum edir. S\u0259m\u0259rq\u0259ndi ba\u015fdanba\u015fa talan edir v\u0259 minl\u0259rl\u0259 t\u00fcrk g\u0259ncini qul bazarlar\u0131nda satmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Xorasana g\u0259tirir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0259id daha sonra Kibac Hatundan g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc 80-\u0259 yax\u0131n girov t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n pusquya g\u0259tiril\u0259r\u0259k x\u0259nc\u0259rl\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. S\u0259idi \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u0259n girov \u0259sirl\u0259rin bundan sonra da\u011fa qa\u00e7araq orada ac\u0131ndan \u00f6ld\u00fckl\u0259ri s\u00f6yl\u0259nilir. Xorasanda S\u0259idd\u0259n sonra vali Salim bin Ziyad olur. Xorasan M\u00fcaviy\u0259nin o\u011flu Yezid\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 idi. Ziyadda da eyni \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, 680-ci ild\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri islamla\u015fd\u0131rmaq v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rini talan etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00fccum edir, amma geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edilirl\u0259r. Bu d\u0259f\u0259 onlar\u0131n ordular\u0131 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n talan edilir v\u0259 silahlar\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r. Sonra \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r daha g\u00fccl\u00fc bir ordu il\u0259 yenid\u0259n h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7ir v\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri yenid\u0259n talan edirl\u0259r. H\u0259r \u0259r\u0259b bu talandan 2400 dirh\u0259m al\u0131r (Bir qulun sat\u0131\u015f qiym\u0259tinin 300 il\u0259 500 dirh\u0259m aras\u0131ndad\u0131rsa, bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 ald\u0131qlar\u0131 q\u0259nim\u0259t adam ba\u015f\u0131na 7 v\u0259 ya 8 qula b\u0259rab\u0259rdir.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"kuteybe<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Haccac v\u0259 Rutbil<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamda ilk assimilyasiya 685-ci ild\u0259 Abd\u00fclm\u0259likd\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r. Abd\u00fclm\u0259lik ad\u0131 \u0130slam tarixin\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n, qan t\u00f6k\u0259n bir tiran olan H\u0259ccac\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 yard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131 se\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0130slamla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abd\u00fclm\u0259lik \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 \u0259traf xalqlar\u0131n dill\u0259rini \u0259r\u0259b dili il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. X\u0259rac qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda qeyri-m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlara verilmi\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 l\u0259\u00f6v etdi. Bu vaxt H\u0259ccac\u0131 \u0130raq\u0131n ba\u015f valisi t\u0259yin etdil\u0259r. H\u0259ccac \u0130raq\u0131n ba\u015f valisi t\u0259yin edildikd\u0259n sonra t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin taleyind\u0259 ilk k\u00f6kl\u00fc d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haccac \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 Ubeydullah ibn Ebi B\u0259krini Sicistana v\u0259 Muhalleb ibn \u0259bi S\u00fcfr\u0259ni Xorasan\u0131n valisi t\u0259yin etdi. O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Sicistan\u0131n t\u00fcrk h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 Rutbil idi v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 vergi \u00f6d\u0259yirdi. Haccac bununla bar\u0131\u015fm\u0131r v\u0259 Ubeydullu Rutbilin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rir v\u0259 ondan tam t\u0259slim olma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ist\u0259yir. Rutbil \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 bu t\u0259klifi q\u0259bul etm\u0259k ist\u0259mir. Sonra Ubeydullah Rutbil \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccum edir. Rutbil 18 f\u0259rs\u0259x geri \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259r\u0259k, Ubeydullah v\u0259 ordusunu m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 al\u0131r. Ubeydullah Rutbilden qurtulmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 700.000 dirh\u0259m t\u0259klif ets\u0259 d\u0259, Rutbil t\u0259klifi q\u0259bul etmir v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b ordusunu a\u011f\u0131r bir m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011frad\u0131r. Bundan q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259n\u0259n Haccac, 40.000 n\u0259f\u0259rlik b\u00f6y\u00fck bir ordu toplayaraq \u018fbd\u00fcrr\u0259hman ibn Esas\u0131n komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 Rutbilin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rir. Rutbil, Esas\u0131 m\u0259\u011flub ed\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yini anlayaraq, bu d\u0259f\u0259 onunla m\u00fcqavil\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131r. Bu hadis\u0259nin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda d\u0259li olan Haccac, Esas\u0131 tutmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir d\u0259st\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rir, ancaq Esas ordusu bu d\u0259st\u0259ni m\u0259\u011flub edir v\u0259 qalanlar\u0131 B\u0259sr\u0259y\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r t\u0259qib edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Semerkant<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ancaq burada m\u0259\u011flub olan Esas ordusu da\u011f\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 Esas Rutbil\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 Haccac, Rutbili \u018fsas\u0131 ona verm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259hdid edir. Deyir ki, bunu etm\u0259s\u0259, \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck bir ordu il\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcrk \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rini da\u011f\u0131dacaq, ets\u0259 7 il \u0259rzind\u0259 ondan he\u00e7 bir vergi al\u0131nmayacaq. T\u00fcrk \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rinin bir daha m\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 getm\u0259sini ist\u0259m\u0259y\u0259n Rutbil, Haccac\u0131n bu t\u0259klifini q\u0259bul ed\u0259r\u0259k, 7 il x\u0259racs\u0131z qalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq, Haccaca Esas\u0131 v\u0259 qohumlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259slim ed\u0259r. Ancaq Rutbil sonradan Haccaca g\u00fcv\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259 s\u0259hv etdiyini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haccac, Rutbil Esas t\u0259slim edildikd\u0259n sonra d\u0259rhal yeni bir ordu qurdu v\u0259 699-cu ild\u0259 Muhelleb bin Ebi Sufyan\u0131n komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda T\u00fcrk \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. Xocent, Kes, Soqd v\u0259 Nesefi \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irs\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, T\u00fcrkl\u0259r m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdil\u0259r. Muhelleb o\u011flu Yezid Xorasan valisinin yan\u0131na g\u0259ldi. Yezid \u0130bn Muhelleb, T\u00fcrk \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rini \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irib talan ed\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yezidin d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri Xarzemd\u0259n \u0259sir ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkl\u0259ri qul bazarlar\u0131nda satarlar. Bu zaman, \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r t\u00fcrk yurdlar\u0131na gir\u0259r\u0259k \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rini talan ets\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, davaml\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck \u0259ld\u0259 ets\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, yerl\u0259rini m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259d\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259r\u0131k, yenid\u0259n bu \u0259razil\u0259ri t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 qaytarmal\u0131 olurdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Saladino<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kuteyb\u0259 ibn M\u00fcslim<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Abd\u00fclm\u0259lik 705-ci ild\u0259 v\u0259fat ed\u0259nd\u0259 o\u011flu Velid yerin\u0259 g\u0259tirildi. T\u00fcrk tarixin\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259sir ed\u0259c\u0259k hadis\u0259 K\u00fcteyb\u0259 ibn M\u00fcslimin Xorasana valisi t\u0259yin olunmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu zamana q\u0259d\u0259r davaml\u0131 m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259t \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259n \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r, T\u00fcrk yurdlar\u0131nda davaml\u0131 m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tl\u0259r qazanma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar. K\u00fcteyb\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fc t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin q\u0131l\u0131nc g\u00fcc\u00fc il\u0259 islamla\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u00fcr. Vali olduqdan b\u0259ri, T\u00fcrk b\u0259ylikl\u0259rini tamamil\u0259 islamla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox g\u00fccl\u00fc bir ordu yaratma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. \u018fsg\u0259rl\u0259ri M\u0259rvd\u0259 toplay\u0131b dedi: «Allah \u00f6z dininin \u0259ziz olmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu torpaqlar\u0131 sizl\u0259r\u0259 halal buyurdu».<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuteyb\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 Baykenti m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 ald\u0131. Ba\u015fqa B\u0259ylikl\u0259rd\u0259n olan t\u00fcrk d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri Baykent\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lirl\u0259r. \u0130ki ayl\u0131q m\u00fcharib\u0259 olur. Kuteyb\u0259 tam bir q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 qazana bilm\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri x\u0259rac il\u0259 ba\u011flayan bir m\u00fcqavil\u0259 imzalama\u011fa m\u0259cbur edir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r da\u011f\u0131nt\u0131dan qurtulur, ancaq raz\u0131la\u015fmaya uy\u011fun olaraq, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 gir\u0259n \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259sini talan edirl\u0259r v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk ed\u0259rk\u0259n bir h\u0259rbi qarnizonu burada saxlay\u0131rlar. Ba\u015flar\u0131na n\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n t\u00fcrkl\u0259r, bir-birl\u0259rini silahland\u0131rmaqla qiyam etm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259ks-m\u00fccahid d\u0259st\u0259si yaratma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131rlar, bel\u0259c\u0259 Baykentd\u0259 qar\u0131\u015f\u0131ql\u0131qlar ba\u015flay\u0131r. Bunun ard\u0131nca Kuteybe yenid\u0259n Baykent\u0259 g\u0259lir v\u0259 silahlanm\u0131\u015f t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri \u00f6ld\u00fcrtd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Qad\u0131nlar\u0131 v\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131 \u0259sir g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri yenid\u0259n ya\u011fmalay\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0259b\u0259rinin anlatd\u0131qlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, Kuteyb\u0259nin \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdiyi q\u0259nim\u0259tl\u0259rin h\u0259ddi-h\u00fcdudu yox idi. T\u0259b\u0259ri, b\u00fct\u00fcn Xorasan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etdikl\u0259ri zaman bu q\u0259d\u0259r q\u0259nim\u0259t toplaya bilm\u0259dikl\u0259rini s\u00f6yl\u0259yir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin ya\u011fmas\u0131ndan sonra \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r Xorasanda M\u0259rv\u0259 g\u0259tiril\u0259n \u0259r\u0259b ail\u0259l\u0259ri M\u0259rvd\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259k, Baykent\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirilirdil\u0259r. M\u00fchafiz\u0259 qo\u015funlar\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Valilikd\u0259n vergi y\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn n\u0259zar\u0259t orqanlar\u0131 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edilirdi. T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Buddist v\u0259 Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft inanclar\u0131n\u0131 simvoliz\u0259 ed\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn heyk\u0259ll\u0259r toplan\u0131r, da\u015flar q\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, q\u0131z\u0131llar \u0259ridilir v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259nim\u0259t kimi g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bunlar, «Enfal» sur\u0259sind\u0259 yazd\u0131qlar\u0131 kimi, Allah\u0131n \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 verdiyi q\u0259nim\u0259tl\u0259r hesab edilirdi. Daha sonra \u0259sir g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f qad\u0131nlar v\u0259 u\u015faqlar yenid\u0259n \u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 atalar\u0131na sat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Baykentd\u0259 n\u0259l\u0259ri vard\u0131sa alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin t\u0259miri d\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin ixtiyar\u0131na verilmi\u015fdi. Bundan sonra Buxaran\u0131n tamamil\u0259 i\u015f\u011fal\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 zorla islamla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n vaxt\u0131 g\u0259lmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buxaran\u0131n m\u00fchasir\u0259si v\u0259 Birinci T\u00fcrk q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuteybe M\u0259rvd\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir haz\u0131rl\u0131q g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Bu vaxt Vardana v\u0259 Buxara b\u0259ylikl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda qar\u015f\u0131durmalar ya\u015fan\u0131rd\u0131. M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlara qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu qar\u015f\u0131durmalar d\u0259rhal dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 Vardan Xudat Kuteyb\u0259y\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin r\u0259hb\u0259ri olur. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 Numiskent v\u0259 Ramitana h\u00fccum etdi v\u0259 asanl\u0131qla onlar\u0131 istila etdi. Vardan il\u0259 D\u0259mirqap\u0131 (Da\u015fk\u0259nd yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 Buzqala ke\u00e7idd\u0259 -red.) qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda toqqu\u015furlar. Vardan m\u00fcharib\u0259ni uduzur v\u0259 Buxaraya t\u0259r\u0259f geri \u00e7\u0259kilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"islamdag.ru\/sites\/default\/files\/styles\/large\/pu...\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ancaq Kuteyb\u0259 m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n yoruldu\u011fundan Buxaran\u0131 almadan M\u0259rv\u0259 qay\u0131td\u0131. Haccac bunu u\u011fursuzluq kimi q\u0259bul edir v\u0259 Kuteyb\u0259y\u0259 Buxaran\u0131 alma\u011f\u0131 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131r. Kuteyb\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck bir haz\u0131rl\u0131qdan v\u0259 bir il sonra yenid\u0259n Buxaran\u0131 m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 ald\u0131. T\u00fcrkl\u0259r m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rir v\u0259 Kuteyb\u0259y\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri almaq m\u00fcy\u0259ss\u0259r olmur, ordusu da\u011f\u0131lma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. Kuteyb\u0259 daha sonra \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 h\u0259r bir t\u00fcrk ba\u015f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 100 dirh\u0259m v\u0259d edir. Pul ehtiras\u0131 il\u0259 cihad ed\u0259n \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri istila edirl\u0259r. B\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri q\u0131l\u0131ncdan ke\u00e7irm\u0259kl\u0259 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir. \u018fr\u0259bl\u0259r t\u00fcrk qad\u0131nlar\u0131na t\u0259cav\u00fcz edir, b\u0259y\u0259ndikl\u0259rini k\u0259niz kimi istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259 ya qul bazar\u0131nda satmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kuteyb\u0259nin zorlamalar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda b\u0259zi m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n insanlar onlara qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Gizli silahlan\u0131rlar. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r silah olmadan m\u0259scid\u0259 d\u0259 ged\u0259 bilm\u0259zdil\u0259r. Kuteyb\u0259 t\u0259zyiqi art\u0131r\u0131r, \u00f6z aralar\u0131nda t\u0259\u015fkilatlanan t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irir v\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu vaxt yeni vergi qanunlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259yin edir. Yerlil\u0259r x\u0259lif\u0259y\u0259 ild\u0259 200.000 dirh\u0259m, Xorasan valisi H\u0259ccaca is\u0259 10.000 dirh\u0259m \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259li idil\u0259r. Bundan ba\u015fqa, \u0259r\u0259b \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rinin atlar\u0131na yem verm\u0259y\u0259, orada g\u0259tiril\u0259n v\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n \u0259r\u0259b ail\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 odun t\u0259dar\u00fck etm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 onlara ayr\u0131lan torpaqlarda i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur idil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qad\u0131nlar v\u0259 q\u0131zlar \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rin cariy\u0259l\u0259ridirl\u0259r. Buxara t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri bu ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 d\u00fcnyada \u00e7ox az xalq\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259h\u015filik v\u0259 \u0259zablar\u0131 ya\u015fay\u0131r. Kuteyb\u0259nin g\u0259tirdiyi v\u0259 T\u00fcrk evl\u0259rin\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirdiyi \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r, T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin o zamana q\u0259d\u0259r haz\u0131rlad\u0131qlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u0131\u011fd\u0131qlar\u0131na \u0259l qoyur, T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin tarlalar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n al\u0131rd\u0131lar v\u0259 T\u00fcrkl\u0259ri o sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

«Yegan\u0259 dinin \u0130slam olmas\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r sava\u015f\u0131n» s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259n ay\u0259, \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259ri T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin hesab\u0131na ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259c\u0259k bir m\u00fchit yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Din olaraq adland\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 \u0130slam, \u018fhzab sur\u0259si \/ 50-ci ay\u0259sind\u0259ki kimi m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259sb edil\u0259n T\u00fcrk q\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 da q\u0259nim\u0259t kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcr v\u0259 bunu \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir cariy\u0259 olaraq halal buyururdu. C\u00fcm\u0259 namaz\u0131 m\u0259cburi q\u0131l\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Amma yen\u0259 d\u0259 din t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259n r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t g\u00f6rm\u0259di. Bunu g\u00f6r\u0259n Kuteyb\u0259, namaz q\u0131lanlara 2 dirh\u0259m v\u0259d ed\u0259r\u0259k, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n yoxsullar aras\u0131nda t\u0259sirli olmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n u\u011furlu oldu. Kas\u0131blardan pul \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259scid\u0259 ged\u0259n insanlar vard\u0131…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ard\u0131 var<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Al\u0131nt\u0131: Selim Sar\u0131soy<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Erdo\u011fan AYDIN T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u0130slam\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259l\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda n\u0259 bilirik? Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7ox \u015fey bildiyimizi s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259k olmaz. \u00c7\u00fcnki t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman olmalar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda n\u0259 m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259, n\u0259<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4361"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4363,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4361\/revisions\/4363"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}