{"id":43854,"date":"2021-07-27T11:47:23","date_gmt":"2021-07-27T07:47:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=43854"},"modified":"2021-07-27T11:47:36","modified_gmt":"2021-07-27T07:47:36","slug":"1722-1735-ci-ill%c9%99rd%c9%99-az%c9%99rbaycanin-x%c9%99z%c9%99ryani-bolg%c9%99l%c9%99rind%c9%99-rus-isgal-rejimin%c9%99-dair","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=43854","title":{"rendered":"1722-1735-C\u0130 \u0130LL\u018fRD\u018f AZ\u018fRBAYCANIN X\u018fZ\u018fRYANI B\u00d6LG\u018fL\u018fR\u0130ND\u018f RUS \u0130\u015e\u011eAL REJ\u0130M\u0130N\u018f DA\u0130R"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Asif \u0130manl\u0131,<\/strong><\/em>
L\u0259nk\u0259ran D\u00f6vl\u0259t Universitetinin doktorant\u0131<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259lumdur ki, 1722-ci ilin yay\u0131nda rus imperatoru I Pyotr y\u00fczminlik ordu il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 v\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 daxil olan dig\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri, vilay\u0259tl\u0259ri i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn c\u0259nuba y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f etmi\u015fdi. O, avqustun 23-d\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259ndi d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcz alsa da, qar\u015f\u0131ya \u00e7\u0131xan bir s\u0131ra g\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259z \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r, ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin k\u0259skin etiraz\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259 qarnizon qoyub ordunun \u0259sas hiss\u0259si il\u0259 Rusiyaya qay\u0131td\u0131. Daha sonra is\u0259 ki\u00e7ik h\u0259rbi-d\u0259niz ekspedisiyalar\u0131 g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259k yolu il\u0259 Bak\u0131, Salyan, Astara, L\u0259nk\u0259ran, habel\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131n Gilan vilay\u0259ti z\u0259bt edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259ryan\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259ri 1735-ci il\u0259 kimi Rusiya i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 alt\u0131nda qald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu hadis\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259mizin tarixind\u0259 b\u0259lli iz buraxm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6vr\u00fcn ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 XVIII \u0259srin birinci otuzilliyi Az\u0259rbaycan tarixi haqq\u0131nda daha dol\u011fun v\u0259 daha d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr yaratma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k etmi\u015f olar. M\u0259hz bunu n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq oxucuya t\u0259qdim etdiyimiz bu m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 XVIII \u0259srin 20-30-cu ill\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259ryan\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 rus i\u015f\u011fal rejimini t\u0259dqiq etm\u0259yi qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za m\u0259qs\u0259d qoyduq. \u0130lk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, Rusiyan\u0131n S\u0259f\u0259vi m\u00fclkl\u0259rini \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdiyini g\u00f6r\u0259n Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131 da bu mirasdan pay almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6z qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015e\u0259rqi G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. \u0130ki imperiya aras\u0131nda m\u00fcharib\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259si yarand\u0131. Yaln\u0131z frans\u0131z diplomatiyas\u0131n\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131 il\u0259 1724-c\u00fc ilin iyun ay\u0131nda S\u0259f\u0259vi m\u00fclkl\u0259rini b\u00f6lm\u0259k haqq\u0131nda \u0130stanbul m\u00fcqavil\u0259si imzaland\u0131. 1724-c\u00fc il \u0130stanbul m\u00fcqavil\u0259si ba\u011fland\u0131qdan sonra Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259ryan\u0131 torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n Rusiya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131n\u0131n ikinci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si ba\u015flay\u0131r. M\u00fcqavil\u0259 Qafqazda Rusiya il\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

I Pyotrun 28 avqust 1724-c\u00fc il tarixli f\u0259rman\u0131 il\u0259 general-mayor A.Rumyantsev s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si i\u015find\u0259 Rusiya t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n m\u00fcv\u0259kkil, polkovnik fon Lukey v\u0259 artilleriya mayoru \u0130.Q.Gerber is\u0259 onun k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7il\u0259ri t\u0259yin edildil\u0259r.[12,v.1]. Osmanl\u0131 saray\u0131 D\u0259rvi\u015f Mehmed a\u011fan\u0131 \u00f6z m\u00fcv\u0259kkili t\u0259yin etdi[5,s.211].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


S\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si i\u015fi b\u0259zi s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 l\u0259ngidildi v\u0259 yaln\u0131z 1726-c\u0131 ilin may\u0131nda osmanl\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fi \u00f6z n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sini \u015eirvana g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. S\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 i\u015fi 1727-ci ild\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 1726-c\u0131 ilin sonu-1727-ci ilin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Quba Rusiyaya birl\u0259\u015fdirildi v\u0259 H\u00fcseyn\u0259li b\u0259y Quba xan\u0131 v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259sdiq olundu. H\u00fcseyn\u0259li xan azya\u015fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u018ffrasiyab v\u0259 F\u0259r\u0259m\u0259z adl\u0131 \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r ona q\u0259yyum t\u0259yin olundu [8,s.101]. 1726-c\u0131 ilin pay\u0131z\u0131nda astaral\u0131 Musa xan \u00f6z t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 il\u0259 R\u0259\u015ft\u0259 ged\u0259r\u0259k buradak\u0131 rus qo\u015funlar\u0131 komandan\u0131 feldmar\u015fal knyaz V.Dolqorukinin yan\u0131nda olub Rusiya himay\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259bul olunmas\u0131n\u0131 xahi\u015f etdi. Dekabr\u0131n 8-d\u0259 Musa xan, o\u011flu K\u0259lb\u0259 H\u00fcseyn, 55 k\u0259l\u0259nt\u0259r v\u0259 k\u0259ndxudalar rus d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 s\u0259daq\u0259t and\u0131 i\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edildil\u0259r [8, s.104-105].<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Knyaz V.Dolqoruki 1727-ci ilin yanvar\u0131nda R\u0259\u015ftd\u0259n Astaraya briqadir \u015etern\u015fans\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 500 n\u0259f\u0259rlik q\u00fcvv\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. \u015etern\u015fans Astaradan L\u0259nk\u0259rana do\u011fru y\u00f6n\u0259ldi. L\u0259nk\u0259ranl\u0131 Mir \u018fziz xan xeyli t\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcdd\u0259n sonra Rusiya himay\u0259sin\u0259 daxil olmaq bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259rar q\u0259bul etdi v\u0259 rus x\u0259zin\u0259sin\u0259 ild\u0259 5 min rubuldan az olmayaraq vergi \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259yi \u00f6hd\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Knyaz V.Dolqoruki Astara, L\u0259nk\u0259ran v\u0259 K\u0259rq\u0259rud \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259rinin idar\u0259\u00e7iliyini briqadir \u015eternansa tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131b \u00f6z\u00fc 1727-ci il mart\u0131n 3-d\u0259 K\u00fcr \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259ns\u0259bin\u0259 getdi. Q\u00fcdr\u0259tli rus d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259rini anlayan bir \u00e7ox mahal hakiml\u0259ri \u00f6z hakimiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dinc yolla rus hakimiyy\u0259tini q\u0259bul etdil\u0259r. Ucarud, Salyan v\u0259 Q\u0131z\u0131la\u011fac \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259rinin, Mu\u011fan, \u015eahsev\u0259n v\u0259 M\u0259zar\u0131q \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259rinin hakiml\u0259ri V.Dolqorukinin h\u00fczuruna g\u0259ldil\u0259r. Mart\u0131n 6-da ucarudlu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d C\u0259f\u0259r sultan, Mu\u011fan, \u015eahsev\u0259n v\u0259 M\u0259zar\u0131q \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259rinin hakimi Ramazan sultan v\u0259 onun naibi \u018fliqulu b\u0259y, Salyan naibi Qarde \u018fli (Qarda\u015f\u0259li, Q\u0259rib\u0259li \u2013 A.\u0130.) b\u0259y v\u0259 bu \u0259razil\u0259rin k\u0259ndxudalar\u0131 Rusiyaya s\u0259qaq\u0259t and\u0131 i\u00e7dil\u0259r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin 1727-ci il mart\u0131n 18-d\u0259 Q\u0131z\u0131la\u011fac sultan\u0131 B\u0259can sultan da \u00f6z k\u0259txudalar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 V.Dolqorukinin q\u0259rargah\u0131na g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k Rusiyaya s\u0259daq\u0259t and\u0131 i\u00e7dil\u0259r[8,s.107]. V.Dolqoruki s\u0259daq\u0259t and\u0131 i\u00e7\u0259n hakiml\u0259ri \u00f6z v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259sdiq etdi v\u0259 h\u0259rbi kollegiyaya yazd\u0131 ki, rus x\u0259zin\u0259si bu vilay\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n ild\u0259 y\u00fcz min rubla q\u0259d\u0259r g\u0259lir \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259r [8, s.107].<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Bel\u0259likl\u0259, 1727-ci il\u0259 kimi Rusiya X\u0259z\u0259ryan\u0131 regionda m\u00f6vqel\u0259rini xeyli m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndir\u0259 bildi. Rusiyan\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdiyi \u0259razil\u0259rin s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n q\u0259rbd\u0259 d\u0259nizd\u0259n 18 saat at yeri\u015fi m\u0259saf\u0259sind\u0259, y\u0259ni t\u0259qrib\u0259n 100 verst m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259, Gilanda is\u0259 R\u0259\u015ft \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259qrib\u0259n 124 verst c\u0259nub-q\u0259rb\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 uzan\u0131rd\u0131 [2.s.87-90]. M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 rus i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na daxil olan \u0259razil\u0259rin inzibati b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fc, \u0259halinin m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 z\u0259ngin m\u0259lumat vard\u0131r. 1727-ci ild\u0259 rus i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131 daxil idi. \u00c7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm h\u0259rbi — strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik D\u0259rb\u0259nd \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda daha \u00e7ox m\u0259lumata rast g\u0259lirik. H\u0259min m\u0259lumatlardan ayd\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r ki, bu \u0259yal\u0259t \u0259sas\u0259n ke\u00e7mi\u015f D\u0259rb\u0259nd sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razisini \u0259hat\u0259 edirdi. Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259razisi Samurdan \u015fimalda Darbaq \u00e7ay\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r (D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n 15 verst \u015fimalda) v\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259nd \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n q\u0259rbd\u0259 5-8 verst m\u0259saf\u0259ni \u0259hat\u0259 edirdi. Rus hakimiyy\u0259t orqanlar\u0131 D\u0259rb\u0259ndi i\u015f\u011fal etdikd\u0259n sonra burada t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 canland\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir s\u0131ra t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6rd\u00fcl\u0259r. D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259 x\u0259zin\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259xsus t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat t\u0259\u015fkil olunmu\u015fdu. T\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfata m\u0259xsus ba\u011flarda alma, nar, gaval\u0131, \u0259ncir, tut, \u00fcz\u00fcm yeti\u015fdirilirdi[1,s.136]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0259rb\u0259nd \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin sakinl\u0259ri \u0259kin\u00e7ilikl\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdular. \u0130.Gerber yaz\u0131r: \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin h\u0259r iki t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r sakinl\u0259rinin kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259kin sah\u0259si, yax\u015f\u0131 \u00fcz\u00fcml\u00fckl\u0259ri v\u0259 dig\u0259r bostanlar\u0131, alma, armud, \u015faftal\u0131, nar h\u0259tta \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259traf\u0131nda \u00e7oxlu qarp\u0131z sah\u0259l\u0259ri vard\u0131r[13,s.352]. D\u0259rb\u0259ndin x\u0259zin\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131nda qiym\u0259tli texniki bitki \u2013 z\u0259f\u0259ran da yeti\u015fdirilirdi. 1723-c\u00fc ild\u0259 burada 420 funt z\u0259f\u0259ran toplan\u0131b Peterburqa yola sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131[7,s.41-42]. Ticar\u0259tin inki\u015faf\u0131na x\u00fcsusi qay\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n I Pyotr D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259 layih\u0259 \u00fczr\u0259 liman in\u015fa olunmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259mr etmi\u015fdi[6,s.86]. \u0130ki il y\u0259ni 1723-1724-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 liman\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc[7,s.89]. D\u0259rb\u0259nd tacirl\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259rb\u0259st ticar\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmaq icaz\u0259si verilmi\u015fdi[4,s.222]. Bak\u0131 v\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana xam ip\u0259k, emal olunmu\u015f ip\u0259k par\u00e7alar v\u0259 ba\u015fqa mallar apar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131[10, v.308]. Senat\u0131n 1724-c\u00fc il tarixli f\u0259rman\u0131 il\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259nd\u0259 d\u0259mir, qur\u011fu\u015fun v\u0259 bar\u0131t apar\u0131lmas\u0131na, habel\u0259 \u015f\u0259rab, t\u00fct\u00fcn, tax\u0131l v\u0259 \u0259t m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6mr\u00fcks\u00fcz ticar\u0259tin\u0259 icaz\u0259 verilirdi [9.s.526-527]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rusiya il\u0259 ticar\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yerli tacirl\u0259r ad\u0259t\u0259n rus ticar\u0259t g\u0259mil\u0259rind\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259rdil\u0259r. G\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f t\u0259dbirl\u0259r D\u0259rb\u0259ndin ticar\u0259tinin artmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdu. D\u0259rb\u0259nd mahal\u0131ndan c\u0259nubda M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr mahal\u0131 yerl\u0259\u015firdi. Bu mahal X\u0259z\u0259r sahilind\u0259 Samur v\u0259 V\u0259lv\u0259l\u0259 \u00e7aylar\u0131 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 \u0259razini \u0259hat\u0259 edirdi. M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr mahal\u0131 q\u0259rbd\u0259 Quba xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259d idi[5.s.205].Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il \u0259vv\u0259lki i\u011fti\u015fa\u015flar zaman\u0131 M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr k\u0259ndl\u0259ri qar\u0259t olunmu\u015f, sakinl\u0259rinin bir hiss\u0259si \u015eamax\u0131ya v\u0259 dig\u0259r yerl\u0259r\u0259 apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131, yaxud ba\u015fqa yerl\u0259r\u0259 qa\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Sonralar sakinl\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si \u00f6z y\u00fcrdlar\u0131na qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar[5,s.205-206].\u0130.Gerber M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr mahal\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l olmas\u0131n\u0131, torpaqlar\u0131n is\u0259 b\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tli, x\u0131rda \u00e7aylar\u0131n v\u0259 me\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin, kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259kin yerl\u0259rinin h\u0259m\u00e7inin d\u0259nizd\u0259 \u00e7oxlu bal\u0131qlar\u0131n oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131r[5.s.205-206]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130.Gerber M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr mahal\u0131n\u0131n inzibati qurulu\u015fu haqq\u0131nda da m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259lumat vermi\u015fdir. H\u0259r bir k\u0259ndin \u00f6z kovxas\u0131 vard\u0131, bir ne\u00e7\u0259 k\u0259ndin kovxas\u0131 bir y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda olurdu. S\u0259f\u0259vi d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259nd sultan\u0131 M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr mahal\u0131n\u0131 idar\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u015f\u00fcn dar\u011fa t\u0259yin edirdi. Dar\u011fa mahaldan x\u0259zin\u0259y\u0259 daxil olacaq g\u0259lirl\u0259ri toplay\u0131r v\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259nd\u0259 yollay\u0131rd\u0131 [5,s.207;12,v.51]. Mahalda \u0259kin yerl\u0259ri v\u0259 \u00e7\u0259m\u0259nlikl\u0259r \u00e7ox oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sakinl\u0259rin \u0259sas m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259ti \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 maldarl\u0131q idi. Yay\u0131n isti vaxtlar\u0131nda sakinl\u0259r yax\u0131ndak\u0131 da\u011flara \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r v\u0259 3-4 ay orada qazd\u0131qlar\u0131 s\u0259rin qazmalarda ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar [11,v.35-36].<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u018fhalinin etnik t\u0259rkibind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n \u0130.Gerber sakinl\u0259rin tatar dili il\u0259 qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q t\u00fcrkc\u0259, y\u0259ni Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131, islam dininin s\u00fcnn\u00fc m\u0259zh\u0259bin\u0259 etiqad etdikl\u0259rini yaz\u0131r. \u0130.Gerber mahal\u0131n etnik t\u0259rkibin\u0259 aid maraql\u0131 bir qeyd d\u0259 edir. Buradak\u0131 sakinl\u0259rin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r \u201cavaqan\u201d, \u201calvan\u201d yaxud \u201calban\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259llif yanl\u0131\u015f olaraq onlar\u0131 erm\u0259ni hesab edir [5, s.207-208]. M\u0259lumdur ki, xristian albanlar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si Albaniya \u0259r\u0259b xilaf\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tutulduqdan sonra diofizitlikd\u0259n monofizitliy\u0259, daha do\u011frusu qriqoryanl\u0131\u011fa ke\u00e7mi\u015fdil\u0259r, yaxud ke\u00e7irilmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u00e7oxu qriqoryan etiqadl\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131 da yanl\u0131\u015f olaraq qriqoryan albanlar\u0131 da erm\u0259ni adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. H\u0259m\u00e7inin s\u0259yyah bel\u0259 bir fikir d\u0259 ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcr ki, \u018fmir Teymur xristian albanlar\u0131 bu yerl\u0259rd\u0259n qovmu\u015fdu. Onlar k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k Q\u0259nd\u0259har \u0259traf\u0131nda m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n \u0259hat\u0259sind\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn islam\u0131 q\u0259bul etmi\u015fdil\u0259r [5,s.202]. M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr mahal\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda Niyazabad mahal\u0131 yerl\u0259\u015firdi. Mahal d\u0259niz k\u0259nar\u0131nda idi. Torpaqlar\u0131 bol m\u0259hsuldard\u0131r. \u0130.Gerber yaz\u0131r ki, Niyazabad mahal\u0131nda, \u015eabran\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 Qubada oldu\u011fu kimi kotana 6, 8 v\u0259 ya daha \u00e7ox k\u0259l qo\u015furdular. Niyazabad mahal\u0131nda k\u0259ndl\u0259ri kovxalar idar\u0259 edirdi. Niyazabad kovxalar\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr dar\u011fas\u0131na tabe idil\u0259r [5,s.209]. S\u0259yyah\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 Niyazabadda yerli tacirl\u0259rl\u0259 Rusiya v\u0259 Da\u011f\u0131stan tacirl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda intensiv ticar\u0259t gedirdi, v\u0259 \u015eirvan b\u0259yl\u0259rb\u0259yi bundan b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fd\u0259 g\u00f6mr\u00fck toplay\u0131rd\u0131[5,s.211-212: 12, v.53]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u015eirvan \u00fcsyan\u0131 Niyazabad vasit\u0259sil\u0259 apar\u0131lan ticar\u0259t\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r z\u0259rb\u0259 endirilmi\u015fdi v\u0259 art\u0131q Niyazabad sakinl\u0259ri yaln\u0131z \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 maldarl\u0131q hesab\u0131na dolan\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130.Gerber Niyazabad sakinl\u0259rinin d\u0259 M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr sakinl\u0259ri il\u0259 eyni dild\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 onlar kimi s\u00fcnnim\u0259zh\u0259b olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131r[5,s.113]. M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr mahal\u0131ndan q\u0259rbd\u0259 yar\u0131mm\u00fcst\u0259qil Quba xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 G\u00fclhan mahal\u0131 yerl\u0259\u015firdi. Quba \u0259razisi \u015fimalda Samur \u00e7ay\u0131na \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131, \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcrl\u0259, c\u0259nubda Rustovla, q\u0259rbd\u0259 Da\u011f\u0131stan\u0131n Alt\u0131para mahal\u0131 v\u0259 da\u011flarla h\u0259mh\u00fcdud idi. Bu mahalda Qubadan sonra \u0259n iri ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259si Xudat idi. Son i\u011fti\u015fa\u015flar zaman\u0131 Xudat tamamil\u0259 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u0130.Gerber bu mahalda Qalazuar qalas\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011funu da qeyd edir[5, s.114]. Mahaldak\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0259ndl\u0259r iri v\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l idil\u0259r. Yax\u015f\u0131 \u0259kinl\u0259ri v\u0259 mal-qaralar\u0131 vard\u0131, \u00fcsyana q\u0259d\u0259r sakinl\u0259r xeyli miqdarda ip\u0259k istehsal edirdil\u0259r [5,s.114; 6,s.108]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fclhan Quba il\u0259 \u015e\u0259ki aras\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015firdi v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Da\u011f\u0131stanla h\u0259mh\u00fcdud idi. \u018frazisi ki\u00e7ik idi v\u0259 k\u0259ndl\u0259ri Qubadak\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259r kimi yax\u015f\u0131 deyildi. H\u0259r iki \u0259razi vahidinin sakinl\u0259ri s\u00fcnn\u00fcm\u0259zh\u0259b idil\u0259r v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130.Gerber onlar\u0131n l\u0259zgi dilind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131r[5,s.115], \u0259slind\u0259 is\u0259 yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011fa yol verir, bu k\u0259ndl\u0259rin sakinl\u0259ri m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u015eahda\u011f qrupu dill\u0259rind\u0259 — x\u0131nal\u0131q, qr\u0131z, haput v\u0259 s. dill\u0259rd\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130.Gerberin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 Quba v\u0259 G\u00fclhan sakinl\u0259ri c\u0259sur idil\u0259r, yax\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcvaril\u0259ri vard\u0131, odlu silahdan v\u0259 q\u0131l\u0131ncdan istifad\u0259 edirdil\u0259r[5,s.115]. M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcrd\u0259n c\u0259nubda d\u0259niz k\u0259nar\u0131nda \u015eabran mahal\u0131 yerl\u0131\u015firdi. Bu mahal \u015fimalda Niyazabadla, V\u0259lv\u0259l\u0259\u00e7ay boyuna M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcrl\u0259 (\u0130.Gerber s\u0259hv\u0259n Niyazabad adland\u0131r\u0131r-A.\u0130.), c\u0259nubda B\u0259rm\u0259k mahal\u0131 il\u0259, q\u0259rbd\u0259 Rustovun a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yamac\u0131 il\u0259 v\u0259 \u015ee\u015fpara il\u0259 h\u0259ms\u0259rh\u0259d idi. \u0130.Gerber yaz\u0131r ki, \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r bu mahalda b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259 z\u0259ngin \u015eabran \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri vard\u0131. \u018ftraf g\u00f6z\u0259l v\u0259 varl\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rl\u0259 dolu idi. \u00dcsyan zaman\u0131 \u00e7oxu da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 v\u0259 \u0130.Gerber orada oldu\u011fu zaman t\u0259dric\u0259n b\u0259rpa olunurdular. Bu mahal\u0131n \u0259razisind\u0259 q\u0259dim \u00c7\u0131raqqala qalas\u0131n\u0131n qal\u0131qlar\u0131 yerl\u0259\u015firdi [5.s.213]. \u0130.Gerberin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 \u015eabran mahal\u0131 sakinl\u0259ri \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 maldarl\u0131qla m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdular, mahalda xeyli miqdarda \u00e7\u0259ltik toplan\u0131rd\u0131. Mahalda bir ne\u00e7\u0259 ip\u0259k\u00e7ilik emalatxanas\u0131 vard\u0131. M\u00fc\u0259llif yaz\u0131r ki, sakinl\u0259r t\u00fcrkc\u0259, tatarca v\u0259 farsca qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q dild\u0259 (y\u0259ni Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259-A.\u0130.) dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 \u015fi\u0259m\u0259zh\u0259b idil\u0259r. Mahal 1727-ci ild\u0259n rus hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda idi[5,s.115]. Rus i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n mahallardan biri d\u0259 Rustov mahal\u0131 idi. Da\u011flarda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n bu mahal \u015fimalda Quba xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259, c\u0259nubda \u015eamax\u0131 mahal\u0131 il\u0259, \u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 is\u0259 \u015eabran v\u0259 \u015ee\u015fpara mahallar\u0131 il\u0259 qon\u015fu idi. Bu mahal\u0131n \u0259razisi b\u00f6y\u00fck idi v\u0259 da\u011flara s\u0259p\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f \u00e7oxlu k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi. Mahal\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi boy\u00fck Rustov k\u0259ndi idi. K\u0259ndl\u0259ri \u0130.Gerberin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 yasavullar (\u0130.Gerber onlar\u0131 t\u0259hrif edilmi\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 Asan-kul adland\u0131r\u0131r \u2013 A.\u0130.) idar\u0259 edirdi v\u0259 \u015eirvan \u00fcyan\u0131 zaman\u0131 onlar \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 r\u00fctb\u0259si g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcl\u0259r. M\u00fc\u0259llif\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 mahal sakinl\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar v\u0259 s\u00fcnn\u00fcm\u0259zh\u0259b m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar idil\u0259r. Mahalda da\u011flar aras\u0131nda b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u00fcz\u0259nlikl\u0259r vard\u0131; \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 maldarl\u0131q kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdi [5,s.215-216]. \u0130.Gerber yaz\u0131r ki, Rustov sakinl\u0259ri h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259r idil\u0259r v\u0259 \u00f6z h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 inadla m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edirdil\u0259r. Da\u011flarda ya\u015fayan bu adamlar hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, \u0259sk\u0259ri m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fiyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131d\u0131qlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 onlar x\u0259zin\u0259y\u0259 vergi \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259m\u0259lidirl\u0259r [5,s.216-217,6,s.91-92]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rustov v\u0259 \u015eabran mahallar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u015ee\u015fpara mahal\u0131 yerl\u0259\u015firdi. Mahal\u0131n h\u0259r bir k\u0259ndi y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131, yaxud x\u0259lif\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunurdu. \u0130.Gerberin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 mahal sakinl\u0259ri ba\u015fl\u0131ca olaraq yaylaq-q\u0131\u015flaq maldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdular, yayda \u015ee\u015fparada, q\u0131\u015fda is\u0259 \u015eabranda ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r, \u015fi\u0259m\u0259zh\u0259b idil\u0259r [5,s.217-218;6,s.92]. 1727-ci ild\u0259 m\u0259rzl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 mahal rus i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdir [5,s.218]. Be\u015fbarmaq mahal\u0131 \u015fimalda \u015eabran mahal\u0131 il\u0259 q\u0259rbd\u0259 Dubrak silsll\u0259si il\u0259, c\u0259nubda Bak\u0131 sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259mh\u00fcdud idi, \u015f\u0259rq t\u0259r\u0259fi X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi idi [5,s.219]. \u0130.Gerber yaz\u0131r ki, Be\u015fbarmaq da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259t\u0259yind\u0259, bulaq yan\u0131nda tacirl\u0259r v\u0259 s\u0259yyahlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn karvansara in\u015fa olunmu\u015fdu. Karvansaran\u0131n divarlar\u0131nda rus, alman, frans\u0131z, isve\u00e7, polyak, hind, erm\u0259ni v\u0259 y\u0259hudil\u0259r \u00f6z adlar\u0131n\u0131 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar[5,s.219-220]. Be\u015fbarmaq mahal\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ox da y\u00fcks\u0259k olmayan da\u011flar\u0131nda (t\u0259p\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259) sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f k\u0259ndl\u0259ri kovxalar idar\u0259 edir, onlara is\u0259 y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 n\u0259zar\u0259t edirdi. Mahal sakinl\u0259rinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259ti \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 maldarl\u0131q idi. Otlaqlar \u00e7ox oldu\u011fundan mahalda b\u00f6y\u00fck qoyun s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259ri vard\u0131. Dig\u0259r qon\u015fu da\u011fl\u0131q \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 q\u0131\u015fda qoyun s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259rini bura s\u00fcr\u00fcb g\u0259tirirdil\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r, s\u00fcnn\u00fcm\u0259zh\u0259b idil\u0259r [5,s.220]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0259rb\u0259nd \u0259yal\u0259tin\u0259 daxil edilmi\u015f ir\u0259lid\u0259 ad\u0131 xat\u0131rlanan mahallardan x\u0259zin\u0259nin \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyi g\u0259lir \u0130.Gerber\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 kimi idi: Bu\u011fda, arpa, \u00e7\u0259ltik v\u0259 ba\u015fqa tax\u0131l m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n onda bir hiss\u0259si, ip\u0259k m\u0259hsulunun be\u015fd\u0259 bir hiss\u0259si, kotana qo\u015fulan h\u0259r \u00f6k\u00fcz\u0259, yaxud k\u0259l\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 sahibi 50 q\u0259pik \u00f6d\u0259yirdi. Q\u0131\u015fda heyvanlar\u0131n otar\u0131lmas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 otla\u011f\u0131n sah\u0259sind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq 10 rubldan 50 rubla q\u0259d\u0259r \u00f6d\u0259nilirdi.B\u0259zi k\u0259ndl\u0259r he\u00e7 n\u0259 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, t\u0259lim ke\u00e7mi\u015f \u015fahinl\u0259r verirdil\u0259r. \u015eeyxl\u0259r is\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn vergil\u0259rd\u0259n azad idil\u0259r. Rus i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 sakinl\u0259rd\u0259n c\u0259za kimi pul al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131. Bir n\u0259f\u0259r ayr\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 dala\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131sa, yaxud dig\u0259r x\u0131rda cinay\u0259t t\u00f6r\u0259tmi\u015fdis\u0259 onun \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 be\u015f manatdan az olmayaq c\u0259rim\u0259 qoyulurdu.Pul c\u0259rim\u0259l\u0259rini x\u0259lif\u0259, yaxud qazi, v\u0259 ya dar\u011fa, dig\u0259r r\u0259is t\u0259yin edirdi[5,s.221]. Rus i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na daxil olan dig\u0259r \u0259yal\u0259t Bak\u0131 idi. \u0130.Gerberin \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n o zamank\u0131 durumu haqq\u0131nda xeyli m\u0259lumat var. M\u00fc\u0259llif yaz\u0131r: \u201cBu \u015f\u0259h\u0259r orta b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u00fckd\u0259dir, lakin m\u00f6hk\u0259mdir v\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131 xan\u0131na tabe olan sultan\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259tind\u0259 olmu\u015fdur\u201d [5.s.291-292].Bak\u0131 sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fimalda B\u0259rm\u0259k da\u011flar\u0131, q\u0259rbd\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131 mahal\u0131, Dubrar da\u011f yamaclar\u0131, c\u0259nubda susuz v\u0259 bo\u015f \u00e7\u00f6l il\u0259 Salyana-K\u00fcr \u00e7ay\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r uzan\u0131rd\u0131. Bak\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131nda \u0259hali az idi, \u00e7\u00fcnki burada torpaq \u00e7ox b\u0259rk v\u0259 su az idi. B\u0259rm\u0259k da\u011f\u0131 yamac\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r iki g\u00fcnl\u00fck yeri\u015f m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259 n\u0259 su quyular\u0131, n\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7ay vard\u0131. \u015eamax\u0131 v\u0259 Salyana t\u0259r\u0259f k\u0259ndl\u0259r is\u0259 \u00fcsyan\u00e7\u0131lar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tamamil\u0259 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131[5.s.292]. M\u00fc\u0259llif yaz\u0131r ki, Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 farsca, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r \u0259traf\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 yaln\u0131z Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar[5,s.293]. M\u0259lumdur ki, Bak\u0131 sakinl\u0259ri dinc yolla Rusiyaya tabe olmaq ist\u0259m\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r toplardan at\u0259\u015f\u0259 tutulmu\u015fdu. Yaln\u0131z qala divarlar\u0131nda yar\u0131qlar \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259n sonra bak\u0131l\u0131lar t\u0259slim oldular. \u015e\u0259h\u0259r al\u0131nd\u0131qdan sonra sultan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d H\u00fcseyn b\u0259y h\u0259bs olunub Rusiyaya g\u00f6nd\u0259rildi. \u0130.Gerber yaz\u0131r ki, D\u0259rgahqulu b\u0259y d\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 il\u0259 rus qarnizonunu m\u0259hv etm\u0259yi planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 yard\u0131m almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn gizli sur\u0259td\u0259 Hac\u0131 Davudla yaz\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar[5,s.294]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q\u0259sdin \u00fcst\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131qda D\u0259rgahqulu b\u0259y v\u0259 onun n\u00fcfuzlu t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk edib getdil\u0259r, qalanlar is\u0259 h\u0259bs olundular. Onlardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri edam c\u0259zas\u0131na m\u0259hkum olundu, qalanlar\u0131, bu i\u015fd\u0259 \u0259li olmayan yoxsullar istisna olmaqla Rusiyaya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildil\u0259r. M\u00fc\u0259llif bildirir ki, bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri, dem\u0259k olar ki, tamamil\u0259 bo\u015falm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 yaln\u0131z ticar\u0259tl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan hindlil\u0259r v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin sultan\u0131 v\u0259zif\u0259si l\u0259\u011fv edilmi\u015f v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin rus komendant\u0131na h\u0259m \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259r\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259k h\u00fcququ verilmi\u015fdi [5.s.294-295]. Bak\u0131 sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda x\u0259zin\u0259nin ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u0259lir m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri duz v\u0259 neft idi. Duzu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndak\u0131 g\u00f6ll\u0259rd\u0259n toplay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Nefti S\u0259f\u0259vi d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259razisin\u0259 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131lar v\u0259 ondan i\u015f\u0131q lampalar\u0131n\u0131 doldurmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 edirdil\u0259r. Nefti h\u0259m d\u0259v\u0259 v\u0259 atlarla quru yolu il\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 kirjiml\u0259r v\u0259 sandallarla d\u0259niz yolu il\u0259 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131lar. Neft na\u011fd pula sat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Neftd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n g\u0259lir ild\u0259 50 min rubla \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130.Gerberin \u0259s\u0259rinin rusca t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259sind\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131r ki, neft quyular\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259n yar\u0131m g\u00fcnl\u00fck yeri\u015f m\u0259saf\u0259sind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015firdi [5.s.297;6,s.99]. Rusca n\u0259\u015frin s\u0259tiralt\u0131 qeydind\u0259 na\u015fir qeyd edir ki, \u0130.Gerberin \u0259s\u0259rinin Berlind\u0259ki alman t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259sind\u0259 yar\u0131m mil yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 na\u015fir bunu yanl\u0131\u015f say\u0131r [5,s.297]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0259yyah\u0131n qeydl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 neft quyular\u0131na m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r t\u0259hkim olunmu\u015fdu v\u0259 onlar quyular\u0131n yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar. Adamlar ax\u015fam i\u015f\u0131q ist\u0259dikd\u0259 ist\u0259nil\u0259n yerd\u0259 balaca bir x\u0259nd\u0259k qaz\u0131rd\u0131lar, bir v\u0259 daha \u00e7ox fut uzunlu\u011fu olan borunu yer\u0259 basd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 onun \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 od yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. Borudan \u00e7\u0131xan qaz d\u0259rhal yan\u0131r v\u0259 onu s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u0259n\u0259d\u0259k yanmaqda davam edirdi [5.s.297-298]. Rus i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na daxil olan \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 Salyan idi. \u0130.Gerberin \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 Salyan haqq\u0131nda da m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259lumat var. O yaz\u0131r ki, Salyan q\u0259zas\u0131 d\u0259nizd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq K\u00fcr\u00fcn h\u0259r iki sahili boyu dem\u0259k olar ki, Cavada kimi uzan\u0131r, \u00e7ay\u0131n h\u0259r iki sahilind\u0259, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 \u015fimal t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l k\u0259ndl\u0259r vard\u0131 [5,s.298]. \u018fmin-amanl\u0131q d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Salyan \u0259razisi g\u00f6z\u0259l v\u0259 varl\u0131 idi. \u015eamax\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u0259silzad\u0259 adamlar\u0131na Salyan \u0259razisind\u0259 malikan\u0259l\u0259r ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. K\u00fcr sahilind\u0259 k\u0259ndl\u0259r bir-birin\u0259 yax\u0131n m\u0259saf\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015firdi. H\u0259min k\u0259ndl\u0259r\u0259 K\u00fcrd\u0259n arxlar \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015fdi [5,s.298]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130.Gerber K\u00fcr\u00fcn d\u0259niz\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fc yerd\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 qola par\u00e7aland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazaraq onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda x\u0131rda adalar oldu\u011funu, lakin iyulda da\u011flarda qar \u0259ridiyi zaman \u00e7ay\u0131n s\u0259viyy\u0259si qalxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlar\u0131n, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7ay\u0131n al\u00e7aq sahill\u0259rinin su alt\u0131nda qald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131r. Sonra, adalar v\u0259 K\u00fcr\u00fcn m\u0259ns\u0259bi qam\u0131\u015fla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Suyun qalx\u0131b enm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra buradak\u0131 otlaqlar ya\u015f\u0131l otlarla \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. S\u0259yyah\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 mu\u011fanl\u0131lar v\u0259 \u015fahsev\u0259nl\u0259r (\u0130.Gerber bunu \u015fa\u015fvanlar kimi yaz\u0131r — A.\u0130.) \u00f6z heyvan s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259rini g\u0259tirib K\u00fcr\u00fcn m\u0259ns\u0259bind\u0259ki \u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 otar\u0131rd\u0131lar v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259bl\u0259\u011f \u00f6d\u0259yirdil\u0259r[5.s.299]. H\u0259min tayfalar yayda \u00e7ay\u0131n dig\u0259r sahilind\u0259 Araz \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259nar\u0131ndak\u0131 d\u00fcz\u0259nlikl\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131lar. H\u0259min tayfalar, h\u0259m\u00e7inin d\u0259 Salyan mahal\u0131 sakinl\u0259ri imperiyada \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 atlar\u0131 yeti\u015fdirirdil\u0259r. Salyan \u0259razisind\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 z\u0259ngin bal\u0131q v\u0259t\u0259g\u0259l\u0259ri vard\u0131 v\u0259 onlar \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r ild\u0259 15 min rubla icar\u0259y\u0259 verilirdi[5.s.299]. \u0130.Gerberin \u0259s\u0259rinin rusca n\u0259\u015frinin s\u0259tiralt\u0131 qeydind\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131r ki, Salyanda t\u00fct\u00fcn d\u0259 yeti\u015fdirilirdi v\u0259 sakinl\u0259r vergi kimi Bak\u0131ya t\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00f6nd\u0259rirdil\u0259r[5.s.300; 6,s.100]. Burada yax\u015f\u0131 ip\u0259k\u00e7ilik fabrikl\u0259ri d\u0259 vard\u0131.Yax\u015f\u0131 ip\u0259yin bir batman\u0131n\u0131 8 yaxud 10 rubla sat\u0131rd\u0131lar (burada bir batman 16 rus funtuna b\u0259rab\u0259r idi) [5,s.100].<\/p>\n\n\n\n


M\u00fc\u0259llif Salyan \u0259razisind\u0259 K\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 ke\u00e7id oldu\u011funu v\u0259 bu ke\u00e7idd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259bl\u0259\u011f \u00f6d\u0259nildiyini yaz\u0131r[5.s.300]. S\u0259yyah qeydind\u0259 Salyan sakinl\u0259rinin yax\u015f\u0131 \u0259kin\u00e7il\u0259r v\u0259 maldarlar oldu\u011funu, ancaq dig\u0259r \u201ctatarlar\u201d (Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri \u2013 A.\u0130.) kimi \u00e7ox s\u0259rb\u0259st olduqlar\u0131n\u0131, bir hiss\u0259sinin \u015fi\u0259m\u0259zh\u0259b, dig\u0259r hiss\u0259sinin is\u0259 s\u00fcnn\u00fcm\u0259zh\u0259b oldu\u011funu qeyd edir.Dill\u0259rinin t\u00fcrk, tatar v\u0259 fars dilind\u0259n qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q (y\u0259ni Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259si \u2013 A.\u0130.) oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131r. Salyan v\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131n\u0131 sultan idar\u0259 edirdi. \u0130.Gerber rus qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131n\u0131 alark\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y adl\u0131 Salyan sultan\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131ya gedib ruslara s\u0259daq\u0259t and\u0131 i\u00e7diyini yaz\u0131r. Burada \u0130.Gerber x\u0131rda bir yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011fa yol verir: H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y sultan yox, naib idi. Rus komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 podpolkovnik Zinbulatov ba\u015fda olmaqla 500 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc Salyana g\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015fdi. Bu d\u0259st\u0259 K\u00fcr \u00e7ay\u0131ndak\u0131 bir adada ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. 4 ay ke\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259n sonra H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Zinbulatov ba\u015fda olmaqla rus zabitl\u0259rini evin\u0259 qonaq \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131b \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc[5,s.301]. M\u0259rzl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 zaman\u0131 Salyan sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u0131n \u0259razisi Rusiyaya ke\u00e7diyind\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Salyan\u0131 t\u0259rk etmi\u015f v\u0259 mu\u011fanl\u0131lar aras\u0131nda g\u0259zib dola\u015f\u0131rd\u0131[3,s.54]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ruslar Salyanda qala tikmi\u015fdil\u0259r v\u0259 bu qala Bak\u0131 komendant\u0131n\u0131n tabe\u00e7iliyind\u0259 idi[3,s.54]. K\u00fcr il\u0259 Araz \u00e7aylar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n ki\u00e7ik Cavad \u0259razisinin d\u0259 \u00e7ox hiss\u0259si rus i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na daxil edilmi\u015fdi. \u0130.Gerber Cavad torpa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259kin tarlalar\u0131 v\u0259 heyvan s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259ri il\u0259 z\u0259ngin oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son i\u011fti\u015fa\u015flara kimi burada b\u00f6y\u00fck miqdarda ip\u0259k istehsal olunur v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif par\u00e7alar toxunurdu. \u00dcsyan\u00e7\u0131lar ip\u0259k v\u0259 toxuculuq emalatxanalar\u0131n\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar[5.s.302]. Cavad sakinl\u0259rinin Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkc\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131 qeyd olunurdu. \u0130.Gerber Cavad\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zinin b\u00f6y\u00fck q\u0259s\u0259b\u0259 oldu\u011funu yaz\u0131rd\u0131. Bu mahaldak\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259ri k\u0259ndxudalar v\u0259 y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131lar idar\u0259 edirdi. Onlar \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259\u0131n g\u0259lirl\u0259ri toplayaraq b\u0259yl\u0259rb\u0259yiy\u0259, rus i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 zaman\u0131 is\u0259 bu vergil\u0259ri Salyan v\u0259 Bak\u0131ya g\u00f6nd\u0259rirdil\u0259r[5,s.302-303]. Ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259n savay\u0131 daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131 rus i\u015f\u011fal zonas\u0131na daxil idi: Mu\u011fan, Q\u0131z\u0131la\u011fac, L\u0259nk\u0259ran, Astara v\u0259 Ucarud. H\u0259min yerl\u0259rin ad\u0131na \u0130.Gerberin kitab\u0131nda rast g\u0259lmirik. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mu\u011fan 1728-ci ild\u0259 \u0130.Gerber regionu t\u0259rk etdikd\u0259n sonra rus hakimiyy\u0259tin\u0259 aid edilmi\u015fdi v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llifin bundan x\u0259b\u0259ri yox idi. 1728-ci ild\u0259 Rusiya himay\u0259sini q\u0259bul etmi\u015f Mu\u011fan \u0259halisinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca m\u0259\u015f\u011fuliyy\u0259ti yaylaq-q\u0131\u015flaq maldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 idi[8.s.131]. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q\u0131z\u0131la\u011fac sultan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunurdu v\u0259 Astara xan\u0131na tabe idi. Dig\u0259r \u0259razil\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259 y\u0259qin ki, \u0130.Gerber buralarda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan onlar\u0131n haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat\u0131 z\u0259if idi v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 onlar\u0131 t\u0259svirin\u0259 daxil etm\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geostrategiya» jurnal\u0131  \u2116 01 (31)  Yanvar -Fevral 2016<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Asif \u0130manl\u0131,L\u0259nk\u0259ran D\u00f6vl\u0259t Universitetinin doktorant\u0131 M\u0259lumdur ki, 1722-ci ilin yay\u0131nda rus imperatoru I Pyotr y\u00fczminlik ordu il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 v\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 daxil olan dig\u0259r<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":43858,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=43854"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43859,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43854\/revisions\/43859"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/43858"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=43854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=43854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=43854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}