{"id":45062,"date":"2021-08-11T13:16:57","date_gmt":"2021-08-11T09:16:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=45062"},"modified":"2021-08-11T13:17:01","modified_gmt":"2021-08-11T09:17:01","slug":"su-savasi-qorxunc-ehtimal-h%c9%99qiq%c9%99t%c9%99-cevrilir-olk%c9%99-olk%c9%99-analiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=45062","title":{"rendered":"Su sava\u015f\u0131: Qorxunc ehtimal h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evrilir… — \u00d6lk\u0259-\u00f6lk\u0259 analiz"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Quraql\u0131q s\u0259b\u0259biyl\u0259 su q\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fcharib\u0259 ehtimal\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnb\u0259g\u00fcn artd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunur. Probleml\u0259rin nec\u0259 h\u0259ll olunaca\u011f\u0131 is\u0259 m\u0259lum deyil. Haz\u0131rda d\u00fcnyada 800 milyon insan\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz i\u00e7m\u0259li su m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f imkan\u0131 yoxdur, 2.5 milyard insan\u0131n is\u0259 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259mi\u015f su m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri var.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elm d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda anomal hava olaylar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259bii s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n qaynaqland\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair fikir birliyi olsa da, insan t\u0259siri il\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n k\u0259skin iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyinin bu c\u00fcr ekstremal hadis\u0259l\u0259ri daha \u00e7ox v\u0259 daha \u015fidd\u0259tli ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 dair kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r s\u00fcbut var. \u0130qlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyi il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n apar\u0131c\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131ndan biri olan Hollandiya Meteorologiya \u0130nstitutunun t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Geert Yan van Oldenburq bildirib ki, q\u0131r\u0131lan rekordlar\u0131n say\u0131 \u015fokedicidir: \u201cBel\u0259 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259mirdik. \u018fn b\u00f6y\u00fck problem d\u0259, bu intensivlikd\u0259 bir rekordun q\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n bilm\u0259m\u0259yimizdir\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oldenborq d\u00fcnyan\u0131 \u00f6z c\u0259ngin\u0259 alan t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259nin h\u0259dd\u0259n art\u0131q s\u00fcr\u0259tli oldu\u011funu deyib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elm adamlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, su narahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fayan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r qlobal iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fikliyini pe\u015f\u0259kar idar\u0259 etm\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r, su m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259rinin \u015fahidi olacaqlar. Art\u0131q su q\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00e7ox \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131nda m\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olaca\u011f\u0131 ehtimal\u0131 qorxunc h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evrilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AB\u015e-Meksika qar\u015f\u0131durmas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

AB\u015e v\u0259 Meksika aras\u0131nda Kolorado v\u0259 Rio-Qrande \u00e7aylar\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 \u00e7\u0259ki\u015fm\u0259 diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kir. T\u0259xmin\u0259n 130 milyon \u0259halisi olan Meksikada v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n 40 faizi normal i\u00e7m\u0259li sudan m\u0259hrumdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Meksika h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Kolorado \u00e7ay\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar iki \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 r\u0259smi dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlarda ild\u0259 4 milyard 439 milyon m3 su t\u0259l\u0259b edir. AB\u015e is\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b olunan h\u0259cmin yaln\u0131z 42 faizini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n — 1 milyard 864 milyon m3 su t\u0259dar\u00fck ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yini deyir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hind \u00e7ay\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1947-ci ild\u0259 Pakistan v\u0259 Hindistan m\u00fcst\u0259qillik qazand\u0131qdan sonra yeni siyasi s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259r P\u0259ncab d\u00fcz\u0259nliyind\u0259 suvarma kanallar\u0131 v\u0259 sular\u0131 b\u00f6lm\u0259kl\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli probleml\u0259r yaratd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bundan \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck pay\u0131 Hindistan ald\u0131. Pakistan m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259nin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 \u00e7aylardan su almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan m\u00f6vcud suvarma sisteml\u0259rinin eyni \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r daxilind\u0259 saxlan\u0131lmas\u0131nda israr edirdi. Pakistan bu m\u00f6vqeyind\u0259n \u0259l \u00e7\u0259kdi. Bundan \u0259vv\u0259l Ravi, Bis v\u0259 Satlej \u00e7aylar\u0131ndan suvar\u0131lan sah\u0259l\u0259rin Pakistana ayr\u0131lan \u00c7enum v\u0259 \u00c7enab \u00e7aylar\u0131ndan suvar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amma resurs d\u0259yi\u015fikliyini h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n \u00e7aylar v\u0259 suvarma sah\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fdirici kanallar qurmal\u0131 idil\u0259r. M\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r \u00e7ay\u0131n suyundan istifad\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 probleml\u0259rin siyasi hesabla\u015fmadan uzaq, funksional plan \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259ll edilm\u0259li oldu\u011funu vur\u011fulay\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta Asiyada su m\u00fcbahis\u0259si<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta Asiya su problemi, quraql\u0131q v\u0259 su itkisinin s\u0131x oldu\u011fu vacib b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri olaraq \u00f6n\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Su siyas\u0259ti, beyn\u0259lxalq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r, yanl\u0131\u015f \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 ekoloji praktikalar b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259ki q\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amud\u0259rya v\u0259 S\u0131rd\u0259rya Orta Asiyan\u0131n su ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259n \u0259sas m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rdir. Amma vaxtil\u0259 Aral g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u0259 axan bu iki \u00e7ay\u0131n sular\u0131ndan normadan art\u0131q istifad\u0259, yanl\u0131\u015f suvarma siyas\u0259ti g\u00f6l sular\u0131n\u0131n duzlulu\u011funu \u00fc\u00e7 d\u0259f\u0259 art\u0131r\u0131b. Amud\u0259rya v\u0259 S\u0131rd\u0259ryada suyun s\u0259viyy\u0259sinin azalmas\u0131 bu \u00e7aylardan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n v\u0259 iqtisadiyyat\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131na \u0259saslanan b\u00f6lg\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi probleml\u0259r yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259yati \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik olan su ehtiyatlar\u0131 indi kritik n\u00f6qt\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fhali art\u0131m\u0131 su \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndir\u0259n ikinci m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir. Eyni zamanda, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131, s\u0259naye v\u0259 ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatlar\u0131nda istifad\u0259 olunan suya t\u0259l\u0259bat \u00fc\u00e7 d\u0259f\u0259 art\u0131b. Bu art\u0131m suyun keyfiyy\u0259tinin pisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olsa da, zibil, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0259naye tullant\u0131lar\u0131, pestisidl\u0259r v\u0259 g\u00fcbr\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 su ehtiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259d\u0259 Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131z\u0131stan v\u0259 Tacikistan\u0131n qon\u015fular\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 siyasi v\u0259 iqtisadi \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259r \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sudan kart kimi istifad\u0259 etdiyi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Son ill\u0259rd\u0259 h\u0259r iki \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn zaman-zaman suyu m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti olaraq k\u0259sm\u0259k, bununla da bazarl\u0131q m\u00fchiti yaratmaq — \u00d6zb\u0259kistan v\u0259 Qazax\u0131standan ucuz qaz, neft v\u0259 k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 m\u0259hsullar\u0131 almaq h\u0259r iki \u00f6lk\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir u\u011fur say\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6z m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131z 6 faizini suvarmaq imkan\u0131 olan Qazax\u0131stan Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131z\u0131stan v\u0259 Tacikistandan g\u0259l\u0259n sudan \u0259n \u00e7ox as\u0131l\u0131 olan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqin su problemi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 su kifay\u0259t deyil v\u0259 m\u00f6vcud su h\u00f6vz\u0259l\u0259rinin paylanmas\u0131 qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259rdir. Hesablamalara g\u00f6r\u0259, bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 su ehtiyatlar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131dak\u0131 30 ild\u0259 i\u00e7m\u0259li su t\u0259l\u0259bat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259y\u0259n q\u0259d\u0259r a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259c\u0259k. \u018fn \u00e7ox su \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fayan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r \u0130srail, F\u0259l\u0259stin v\u0259 \u0130ordaniyad\u0131r. Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqin dig\u0259r 10 \u00f6lk\u0259si d\u0259 su q\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya\u015fay\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ordan \u00e7ay\u0131 h\u00f6vz\u0259si Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259ki su probleminin m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259dir. Bu h\u00f6vz\u0259ni payla\u015fan \u0130ordaniya, \u0130srail, F\u0259l\u0259stin, Livan v\u0259 Suriya b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259ki su probleminin \u0259sas oyun\u00e7ular\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nil \u00e7ay\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Misir \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259yati \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131yan Nil \u00e7ay\u0131ndan f\u0259rqli \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 faydalan\u0131r. Bununla bel\u0259, Misir \u0259halisinin dem\u0259k olar ki, ham\u0131s\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259razil\u0259rinin 3 faizini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n Nil vadisi v\u0259 deltas\u0131nda ya\u015fay\u0131r. \u00d6lk\u0259nin qalan 97 faizi s\u0259hrad\u0131r, dem\u0259k olar ki, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f yeri yoxdur. Efiopiya Nil sular\u0131n\u0131n 80% -ni t\u0259min ed\u0259n Mavi Nil v\u0259 Atbara \u00e7aylar\u0131n\u0131, Uqanda v\u0259 Sudan is\u0259 15%-ni t\u0259min ed\u0259n A\u011f Nili idar\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1959-cu ild\u0259 Misir v\u0259 Sudan aras\u0131nda raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f payla\u015fma metodu (Misir\u0259 ild\u0259 55 milyard m3, Sudana 18.5 milyard m3) q\u00fcvv\u0259d\u0259 qal\u0131r. Amma uzun ill\u0259r davam ed\u0259n siyasi qar\u0131\u015f\u0131ql\u0131q v\u0259 maliyy\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259ri s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n Sudan k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 potensial\u0131ndan tam istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bilmir v\u0259 h\u0259tta \u0259halisini t\u0259miz i\u00e7m\u0259li su il\u0259 t\u0259min etm\u0259kd\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259kir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Su il\u0259 z\u0259ngin olan Sudan\u0131n su q\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259km\u0259si v\u0259 \u0259kin\u00e7ilik \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259n tam istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bilm\u0259m\u0259sinin s\u0259b\u0259bi, daha a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 sahil \u00f6lk\u0259si olan Misirin \u00e7ay\u0131n suyunun 99 faizini suvarmada istifad\u0259 etm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Misir \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc Nilin sahibi kimi apar\u0131r. Efiopiya da bu probleml\u0259rd\u0259n k\u0259narda deyil. Bu \u00f6lk\u0259 d\u0259 onillikl\u0259r boyu davam ed\u0259n \u00fcsyan, v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f m\u00fcharib\u0259si v\u0259 acl\u0131q kimi f\u0259lak\u0259tl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 da\u011f\u0131lmaq v\u0259 yox olma\u011f\u0131n astanas\u0131na \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

M\u00fc\u0259llif<\/strong>: M\u0259nsur R\u0259\u011fb\u0259to\u011flu (Teleqraf.com)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Quraql\u0131q s\u0259b\u0259biyl\u0259 su q\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fcharib\u0259 ehtimal\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnb\u0259g\u00fcn artd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunur. Probleml\u0259rin nec\u0259 h\u0259ll olunaca\u011f\u0131 is\u0259 m\u0259lum deyil. Haz\u0131rda d\u00fcnyada 800<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":45064,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=45062"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45062\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45065,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45062\/revisions\/45065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/45064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=45062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=45062"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=45062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}