{"id":45201,"date":"2021-08-13T02:17:33","date_gmt":"2021-08-12T22:17:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=45201"},"modified":"2021-08-13T02:17:38","modified_gmt":"2021-08-12T22:17:38","slug":"marks-ruslari-qovmagin-t%c9%99r%c9%99fdari-idi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=45201","title":{"rendered":"Marks ruslar\u0131 qovma\u011f\u0131n t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 idi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1857 -ci ild\u0259, «18 -ci \u0259srin Gizli Diplomatiyas\u0131» kitab\u0131nda Karl Marks yaz\u0131rd\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


«Moskoviya, Monqol k\u00f6l\u0259liyinin d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli v\u0259 pis m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fc v\u0259 t\u0259rbiy\u0259 ald\u0131. K\u00f6l\u0259lik al\u0259mind\u0259 virtuoz olduqlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00fccl\u0259ndil\u0259r. S\u0259rb\u0259st burax\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra da Moskoviya \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi a\u011faya \u00e7evrilmi\u015f qul (k\u00f6l\u0259) rolunu oynama\u011fa davam etdi. Sonradan B\u00f6y\u00fck Pyotr, \u00c7ingiz Xan\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131 f\u0259th etm\u0259k plan\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn v\u0259siyy\u0259t etdiyi Monqol h\u00f6kmdar\u0131n\u0131n q\u00fcrurlu ist\u0259kl\u0259ri il\u0259 Monqol qulunun siyasi s\u0259n\u0259tini birl\u0259\u015fdirdi.»<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


«Elmi kommunizmin qurucular\u0131» ukraynal\u0131 mill\u0259t\u00e7i Duxinskinin ruslar\u0131n slavyan olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 elmi «n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259ni» d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259di. Marks 24 iyun 1865 -ci ild\u0259 Engels\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi m\u0259ktubda yaz\u0131rd\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n


«\u018fsl moskvitl\u0259r, y\u0259ni ke\u00e7mi\u015f B\u00f6y\u00fck Moskva knyazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sakinl\u0259ri, \u0259sas\u0259n Monqollar v\u0259 ya Finlil\u0259rdir … Rus ad\u0131 moskval\u0131lar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259sb edilmi\u015fdir. Onlar slavyan deyill\u0259r v\u0259 hind-alman irqin\u0259 aid deyill\u0259r, onlar g\u0259lm\u0259dirl\u0259r v\u0259 Dneprd\u0259n o t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 qovulmal\u0131d\u0131rlar.»<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 d\u0259, Marksa g\u00f6r\u0259, Rusiya il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 olan h\u0259r \u015fey insani deyildi. «Marks v\u0259 Engels Arxivi»nd\u0259, Rusiya tarixin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f b\u00f6lm\u0259d\u0259, ruslar, rus xalq\u0131, onun tarixi v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda xo\u015f s\u00f6zl\u0259r tapmaq olmaz. D\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7ilik, Marksa g\u00f6r\u0259, Rusiyaya Normanlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n implant edilib. \u00dcst\u0259lik, bu tezis qurucular \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcc\u0259rr\u0259d deyil. Buradan \u00e7ox konkret praktiki n\u0259tic\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r: «Xarici bir boyunduru\u011fun k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 … yaln\u0131z sivilizasiyan\u0131n ilk m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259 zorla qald\u0131r\u0131lan xalqlar he\u00e7 vaxt ya\u015famaz v\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt m\u00fcst\u0259qillik \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259r» (cild 6, s\u0259h. 294).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin \u00e7ox b\u0259y\u0259ndiyi proletariat diktaturas\u0131 doktrinas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifi K. Marks \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri s\u0259naye c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 b\u00f6ld\u00fc — v\u0259 onun hesablamalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, inki\u015faf inqilabi partlay\u0131\u015f v\u0259d edir. Amma proletariat he\u00e7 bir halda v\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259r. Birincil\u0259r\u0259 \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259, Fransa, Almaniya, AB\u015e daxil edilmi\u015fdi. \u0130kincisi, \u0259slind\u0259, Rusiya da daxil olmaqla d\u00fcnyan\u0131n qalan hiss\u0259sini \u0259hat\u0259 edirdi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n haras\u0131nda t\u0259zah\u00fcr etm\u0259sind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin geni\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259sini d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259di. \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin yolunda dayanan h\u0259r k\u0259s m\u00fcrt\u0259ce q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


Rusiya \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259nin Asiyan\u0131n daxili b\u00f6lg\u0259si il\u0259 ticar\u0259tin\u0259 mane ola bil\u0259rdimi? \u0130ngilis m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259\u00e7ilik siyas\u0259ti? Bu o dem\u0259kdir ki, Rusiyan\u0131 Qara d\u0259nizd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xarmaq v\u0259 bununla da g\u0259mil\u0259rin \u00c7anaqqala bo\u011faz\u0131ndan s\u0259rb\u0259st ke\u00e7m\u0259sini t\u0259min etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 he\u00e7 bir halda Dunay \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin Rusiyan\u0131n t\u0259sir dair\u0259sind\u0259 qalmas\u0131na icaz\u0259 verm\u0259m\u0259lidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Berlin Film Festival\u0131, kommunizm \u015f\u0259f\u0259qin\u0259 h\u0259sr olunmu\u015fdu. «Birincisi, Rusiyan\u0131n Kr\u0131m\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn Zaqafqaziya v\u0259 Qafqaz\u0131 Terek v\u0259 Kubana q\u0259d\u0259r t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259sini t\u0259min etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, Odessa yand\u0131r\u0131ls\u0131n, Nikolaevd\u0259ki liman da\u011f\u0131d\u0131ls\u0131n v\u0259 Dunaydan Qalatsaya q\u0259d\u0259r ruslardan t\u0259mizl\u0259nsin.»<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marks\u0131n plan\u0131, h\u0259r zaman oldu\u011fu kimi, sentimentall\u0131qdan uzaqd\u0131r. \u018fsas m\u0259qs\u0259d \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn o, h\u0259tta Q\u0259rb h\u00f6kmdarlar\u0131n\u0131 danlayaraq Qafqazl\u0131 da\u011fl\u0131lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda olma\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r: «Avropan\u0131n yuxar\u0131 sinifl\u0259rinin Rusiyan\u0131n Qafqaz da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 qalalar\u0131 nec\u0259 \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdiyin\u0259 seyr\u00e7i kimi baxmalar\u0131 utancvericidir».<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Marks, proletariat\u0131n da b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259ndiyi AB\u015e -a \u00fcmidl\u0259 bax\u0131rd\u0131 — g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259, burjuaziyan\u0131n q\u0259bir qaz\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na \u0259min idi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bir alman kimi, AB\u015e -\u0131n qit\u0259d\u0259 yeni \u0259razil\u0259r tutmas\u0131n\u0131 alq\u0131\u015flay\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Engels («Demokratik Pan-Slavizm» m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259n)<\/strong>: «Avropan\u0131n \u0259n \u0259ks-inqilab\u00e7\u0131 mill\u0259tl\u0259ri ad\u0131ndan biz\u0259 \u00fcnvanlanan qarda\u015fl\u0131q haqq\u0131nda sentimental ifad\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 cavab veririk: RUSLARA N\u0130FR\u018fT Almanlar aras\u0131nda yay\u011f\u0131n idi v\u0259 bu yayq\u0131nl\u0131q davam edir. \u0130LK D\u00d6VL\u018fT m\u00fcnasib\u0259tin\u0259 inqilabdan sonra \u00c7exl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 Xorvatlara olan nifr\u0259t d\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 edildi v\u0259 yaln\u0131z bu qul xalqlara qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259n q\u0259ti terrorizm yoluyla v\u0259 polyaklar, macarlarla birlikd\u0259 inqilab\u0131 qoruya bildik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u0130nqilab d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259rinin harada formala\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck: Avstriyan\u0131n slavyanlar ya\u015fayan \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 Rusiya. Ya da bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin qeyri -m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n demokratik g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 dair g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcl\u0259r, bizi d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nl\u0259rimiz\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n kimi davranma\u011f\u0131m\u0131za mane olmayacaq.»
Engels\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir m\u0259ktubda (10 dekabr 1864) Marks soru\u015fur: «\u018fziz Fred … Kolletin d\u0259rin k\u0259\u015ffl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda — Urkart Allah\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259, Navuxodonosor v\u0259 ruslar\u0131n Assuriyal\u0131lardan g\u0259lm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda n\u0259 deyirs\u0259n?» (K. Marks. \u018fs\u0259rl\u0259r, cild 31, s. 32). \u0130ngilis i\u015f\u00e7i h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n liderl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan Kollett t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n d\u0259rin bir k\u0259\u015ff etm\u0259y\u0259 ehtiyac yoxdur!<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Marks Engels\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dig\u0259r m\u0259ktubda (24 iyun 1865) yaz\u0131r: \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fck Ruslar\u0131n slavyan olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dey\u0259n Lapinskinin doqmas\u0131, c\u0259nab Duxinsky (Kiyevli, Parisd\u0259 professor) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0259n ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 dil\u00e7ilikd\u0259 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 olunur. Tarixi, etnoqrafik v\u0259 s. n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259 iddia edir ki, \u0259sl moskvitl\u0259r, y\u0259ni k\u00f6hn\u0259 Moskva B\u00f6y\u00fck knyazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sakinl\u0259ri, \u0259sas\u0259n Monqollar v\u0259 ya Finlil\u0259r v\u0259 s. ibar\u0259tdir, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 Rusiyan\u0131n \u015f\u0259rq v\u0259 c\u0259nub -\u015f\u0259rq hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n hiss\u0259l\u0259ri … Duxinskinin g\u0259ldiyi n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r: Rus ad\u0131 Ruslar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259sb edilib. Muskovitl\u0259r. Onlar slavyan deyill\u0259r v\u0259 hind-alman irqin\u0259 m\u0259nsub deyill\u0259r, yen\u0259 d\u0259 Dneprd\u0259n qovulmas\u0131 laz\u0131m olan intruslard\u0131r [g\u0259lm\u0259l\u0259r] v\u0259 s. … Duxinskinin haql\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 ist\u0259rdim v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259n az\u0131ndan bu fikir slavyanlar aras\u0131nda hakim olard\u0131 «(K. Marks. \u018fs\u0259rl\u0259r, cild 31, s. 106-107).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


Etnik m\u0259nsubiyy\u0259tin t\u0259biil\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si Marks t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yaln\u0131z «qan\u0131n s\u0259si» olan bioloji prosesl\u0259r il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fm\u0131r. «K\u00f6k» t\u0259siri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259l\u0259ri h\u0259v\u0259sl\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Yeni kitab haqq\u0131nda Engels\u0259 m\u0259lumat ver\u0259n Marks yaz\u0131r: «Siz\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259c\u0259yim \u00e7ox yax\u015f\u0131 bir kitab … P. Tremaud «\u0130nsan\u0131n v\u0259 dig\u0259r varl\u0131qlar\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi v\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si»dir (Paris, 1865). G\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcm b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131qlara baxmayaraq, bu kitab Darvin\u0259 nisb\u0259t\u0259n \u00e7ox \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bir ir\u0259lil\u0259yi\u015fdir … Tarix\u0259 v\u0259 siyas\u0259t\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edilm\u0259si bax\u0131m\u0131ndan Darvininkind\u0259n daha yax\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 daha m\u0259nal\u0131d\u0131r. Milliyy\u0259t v\u0259 s kimi b\u0259zi suallar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn burada ilk d\u0259f\u0259 t\u0259bii bir \u0259sas verilir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Rusiya v\u0259 Q\u0259rbi Slavyan torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n geologiyas\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rqlilikl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si olan, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 ruslar\u0131n slavyan deyil, daha \u00e7ox tatarlar v\u0259 s. oldu\u011funa dair fikirl\u0259rinin s\u0259hv oldu\u011funu qeyd ed\u0259n Q\u00fctb Duxinski d\u00fcz\u0259ldir; hesab edir ki, Rusiyada \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n \u0259sas tip\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 buradak\u0131 slavyanlar tatarla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 monqolla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O da s\u00fcbut edir ki, (uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t Afrikada ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r) z\u0259ncinin \u00fcmumi tipi yaln\u0131z daha y\u00fcks\u0259k bir n\u00f6v\u00fcn degenerasiyas\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259sidir.»<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, Marks Tremotdan sitat g\u0259tirir: \u201cEyni k\u00f6kd\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015f eyni xarakterl\u0259r, eyni qabiliyy\u0259tl\u0259r t\u0259krarlanacaq … Bir t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n Slavyan v\u0259 Litva irql\u0259ri aras\u0131nda olan s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259r, dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n moskovitl\u0259rl\u0259 Neman v\u0259 Dnepr h\u00f6vz\u0259l\u0259rinin \u015fimal\u0131nda ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndak\u0131 geoloji x\u0259tt \u0259sl s\u0259rh\u0259ddir. Bu ana x\u0259ttin c\u0259nubunda, bu b\u00f6lg\u0259y\u0259 xas olan meyll\u0259r v\u0259 n\u00f6vl\u0259r f\u0259rqlidir v\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 Rusiyaya xas olanlardan f\u0259rql\u0259n\u0259c\u0259kdir «(K. Marks. Cild 31) , s. 209-210).<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1857 -ci ild\u0259, «18 -ci \u0259srin Gizli Diplomatiyas\u0131» kitab\u0131nda Karl Marks yaz\u0131rd\u0131: «Moskoviya, Monqol k\u00f6l\u0259liyinin d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli v\u0259 pis m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fc v\u0259 t\u0259rbiy\u0259 ald\u0131. K\u00f6l\u0259lik<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":45205,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-45201","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45201","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=45201"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45201\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":45206,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45201\/revisions\/45206"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/45205"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=45201"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=45201"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=45201"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}