{"id":48504,"date":"2021-09-17T01:17:06","date_gmt":"2021-09-16T21:17:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=48504"},"modified":"2021-09-17T01:17:11","modified_gmt":"2021-09-16T21:17:11","slug":"erm%c9%99ni-mill%c9%99tcil%c9%99rinin-c%c9%99nubi-az%c9%99rbaycanda-tor%c9%99tdikl%c9%99ri-v%c9%99hsilikl%c9%99r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=48504","title":{"rendered":"Erm\u0259ni mill\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rinin C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycanda t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259r"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin xarici \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycana k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 demokratik v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin tamamil\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdu. Erm\u0259ni avant\u00fcristl\u0259rinin \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fck Erm\u0259nistan\u201d x\u00fclyas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 yalan\u00e7\u0131 t\u0259bli\u011fatlar\u0131 Qafqaz b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 milli q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n ba\u015flanmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xarm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. 1905-1906-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 t\u00f6r\u0259dilmi\u015f bu q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n miqyas\u0131 xeyli geni\u015fl\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k Bak\u0131, Nax\u00e7\u0131van, \u0130r\u0259van, Z\u0259ng\u0259zur, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisini \u0259hat\u0259 etmi\u015fdi.<br><br>H\u0259min ill\u0259rd\u0259 erm\u0259ni terror t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131na qo\u015fulma\u011fa s\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259n intibahnam\u0259l\u0259r yay\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu intibahnam\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar ruslara qar\u015f\u0131 birlikd\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparmaq ad\u0131 il\u0259 erm\u0259ni terror t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131na qo\u015fulma\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Buna qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xanlara is\u0259 h\u0259d\u0259-qorxu g\u0259linirdi. Senator Kuzminski o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cG\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin bu c\u00fcr fitn\u0259kar f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u201d. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin h\u0259d\u0259l\u0259yici intibahnam\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 onlara m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n m\u0259nfi cavablar\u0131 \u0130sk\u0259nd\u0259riyy\u0259d\u0259 fars dilind\u0259 \u00e7ap olunan \u201cCohr\u0259numa\u201djurnal\u0131nda d\u0259rc edilmi\u015fdi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/G4bBV7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-48505\" width=\"887\" height=\"661\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/G4bBV7.png 220w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/G4bBV7-150x112.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 887px) 100vw, 887px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br><br>\u201cDa\u015fnaks\u00fctyun\u201d partiyas\u0131n\u0131n idar\u0259 etdiyi erm\u0259ni quldur birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rinin 1905-ci il fevral ay\u0131n\u0131n 20-21-d\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259r, q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar v\u0259 dinc sakinl\u0259r\u0259 q\u0259ddarcas\u0131na divan tutulmas\u0131 \u015fahidl\u0259ri d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tirmi\u015fdi. O vaxtlar Rusiyada n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015f \u201cKavkaz\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259 bu q\u0259tll\u0259rin \u201cParisd\u0259\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201cVenesiyada\u201d \u00e7ap edilmi\u015f erm\u0259ni d\u0259rslikl\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259rbiy\u0259 alm\u0131\u015f adamlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259dilm\u0259si qeyd olunurdu. Bu kitablar\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259ri \u00f6z \u015fagirdl\u0259rini b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k cinay\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 sanki qabaqcadan proqramla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. Ad\u0131\u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n rus q\u0259zetinin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, h\u0259min d\u0259rslikl\u0259rd\u0259 Tanr\u0131n\u0131n erm\u0259ni xalq\u0131n\u0131 sivilizasiyan\u0131 v\u0259 xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaymaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vasit\u0259\u00e7i se\u00e7diyi vur\u011fulan\u0131rd\u0131. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, \u00fcmummilli liderimiz Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyev bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 bel\u0259 qiym\u0259t vermi\u015fdir: \u201cSaxtala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f erm\u0259ni tarixi g\u0259nc erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u015fovinist ruhda b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sin\u0259 z\u0259min yaratma\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t siyas\u0259ti s\u0259viyy\u0259sin\u0259 qald\u0131r\u0131r. B\u00f6y\u00fck humanist ideallara xidm\u0259t ed\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti ruhunda t\u0259rbiy\u0259 olunmu\u015f yeni n\u0259slimiz ekstremist erm\u0259ni ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259qibl\u0259rin\u0259 m\u0259ruz qal\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259n\u0259viyyat\u0131na v\u0259 milli q\u00fcruruna y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f b\u00f6htanlar siyasi v\u0259 h\u0259rbi t\u0259cav\u00fcz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ideoloji z\u0259min yarad\u0131r\u201d.<br><br>1905-ci il may\u0131n 11-d\u0259 Bak\u0131da erm\u0259ni terror\u00e7ular\u0131 Qafqaz xalqlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda dostluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri yaratma\u011fa t\u0259\u015f\u0259bb\u00fcs g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n knyaz M. A. Nakasidzeni v\u0259 Q. Takay\u015fvilini q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirdil\u0259r. H\u0259min hadis\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n g\u00fcn general Alixanov da \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. O d\u00f6vr\u00fcn m\u0259lumatlar\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n, qatill\u0259rd\u0259n biri \u201cDro\u201d l\u0259q\u0259bli Drastamat Kanayan olmu\u015fdu. Bu hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l Dro Z\u0259ng\u0259zur b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif erm\u0259ni quldur d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259rkibind\u0259 dinc insanlara \u2013 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259, k\u00fcrdl\u0259r\u0259, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlarda yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirk etmi\u015fdi. Dasnak terror\u00e7ular\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259tl\u0259 yetiril\u0259nl\u0259r aras\u0131nda q\u0259za r\u0259isl\u0259ri Pavlov, Nessanski, Boquslavski, vitse-qubernator Andreyev, polkovnik Bukov v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 da vard\u0131.<br><br>Ulu \u00f6nd\u0259r Heyd\u0259r \u018fliyevin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 haqq\u0131nda f\u0259rman\u0131nda qeyd olunur: \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fck Erm\u0259nistan\u201d yaratmaq x\u00fclyas\u0131ndan ruhlanan erm\u0259ni q\u0259sbkarlar\u0131 1905-1907-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 geni\u015fmiqyasl\u0131 qanl\u0131 aksiyalar h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irirdil\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n Bak\u0131dan ba\u015flanan v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 indiki Erm\u0259nistan adlanan \u0259razid\u0259ki Az\u0259rbaycan k\u0259ndl\u0259rini \u0259hat\u0259 etdi. Y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259si da\u011f\u0131d\u0131l\u0131b yerl\u0259-yeksan edildi, minl\u0259rl\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirildi. Bunlar\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259d\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkilatlar hadis\u0259l\u0259rin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na, ona d\u00fczg\u00fcn h\u00fcquqi -siyasi qiym\u0259t verilm\u0259sin\u0259 mane\u00e7ilik t\u00f6r\u0259d\u0259r\u0259k az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n m\u0259nfi obraz\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6zl\u0259rinin avant\u00fcrist torpaq iddialar\u0131n\u0131 p\u0259rd\u0259l\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r&#187;.<br><br>Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin f\u0259allar\u0131ndan biri olan Mirz\u0259bala M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dzad\u0259 1920-ci il may\u0131n 28-d\u0259 m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131 ad\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259bs olunur. H\u0259bsd\u0259n azad edildikd\u0259n sonra \u0130rana m\u00fchacir\u0259t ed\u0259n M. M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dzad\u0259 bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u018fnz\u0259li v\u0259 R\u0259\u015ft \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r. O, 1923-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u0130stanbulda \u00e7ap olunmu\u015f \u201cYeni Qafqaz\u201d d\u0259rgisind\u0259 \u0130ran xatir\u0259l\u0259rini n\u0259\u015fr etdirir. Sonralar 1927-ci ild\u0259 \u0130stanbula gedir, orada \u201cErm\u0259nil\u0259r v\u0259 \u0130ran \u201d adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 \u00e7ap etdirir. M\u00fc\u0259llif faktlara istinad ed\u0259r\u0259k da\u015fnak partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0130randak\u0131 i\u015fi v\u0259 erm\u0259ni mill\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rinin iddias\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 onlar\u0131n ariyal\u0131larla eyni irqd\u0259n olmas\u0131 v\u0259 qan qohumlu\u011fu bar\u0259d\u0259 bir s\u0131ra m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 toxunurdu. M M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dzad\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131 ki, I D\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259n \u00f6nc\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada m\u00f6vcud olan 3 milyon n\u0259f\u0259r erm\u0259ninin 1 milyon 100 mini Qafqazda, 100 mini \u0130randa, 400 min n\u0259f\u0259ri is\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131.<br><br>Da\u015fnak partiyas\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259tinin Afinadan Tehrana k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si, Xoy, T\u0259briz, R\u0259\u015ft, \u0130sfahan v\u0259 s. \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259ki f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Xoyda v\u0259 T\u0259brizd\u0259 erm\u0259ni kils\u0259l\u0259rinin i\u015fi bir daha t\u0259sdiq edir ki, da\u015fnaklar \u0130randa m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 \u0259leyhin\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259xribatlar h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015flar. \u00d6zl\u0259rini ariyal\u0131 iranl\u0131larla bir irqd\u0259n bilib qan qarda\u015f\u0131 adland\u0131ran erm\u0259ni da\u015fnaklar\u0131 1905-ci ilin fevral ay\u0131nda Bak\u0131da, Tiflisd\u0259, \u015eu\u015fada oldu\u011fu kimi, C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycanda da q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar t\u00f6r\u0259tm\u0259kd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kinmirdil\u0259r.<br><br>1890-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Kristofor Mikailyan, doktor Jan Lorzis M\u0259likov, Simon Zavoryan v\u0259 Konstantin Xatisyan\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 da\u015fnak partiyas\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131r. R\u0259smi orqan\u0131 \u201cDrujaq\u201d q\u0259zeti olan da\u015fnak partiyas\u0131 1907-ci ild\u0259 Vyanada \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn IV qurultay\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131na v\u0259 \u00fczvl\u0259rin\u0259 tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q ver\u0259r\u0259k ham\u0131n\u0131 \u201cerm\u0259ni m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sini\u201d h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0130randa ged\u0259n azadl\u0131q h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131nda f\u0259al i\u015ftirak etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131&#8230;<br><br>Yepremin atd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcll\u0259 il\u0259 Tehran\u0131n Atab\u0259y park\u0131nda \u201cs\u0259rdari-milli\u201d l\u0259q\u0259bli S\u0259ttarxan aya\u011f\u0131ndan yaraland\u0131. Bir ild\u0259n sonra o, h\u0259min yaradan v\u0259fat etdi. Yeprem Tehran \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin polis r\u0259isi v\u0259zif\u0259sini \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdikd\u0259n sonra onun ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131g\u0131 alt\u0131nda y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u0259\u015frut\u0259\u00e7i az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 t\u00fcrk\u00fc Atab\u0259y park\u0131nda odlu silahla q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirildi. Yeprem ba\u015fda olmaqla \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n qo\u015funu R\u0259\u015ftd\u0259n Q\u0259zvin\u0259 basq\u0131n etdi. Ruslar\u0131n ultimatumu 1911-ci il dekabr\u0131n 1-d\u0259 \u0130ran parlamentinin m\u00fczakir\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131ld\u0131. M\u00fczakir\u0259nin gedi\u015find\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n \u015eeyx M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Xiyabani israrla deyir ki, \u201cbiz \u00f6z \u0259limizl\u0259 istiqlaliyy\u0259timizi \u00f6zg\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259qdim etm\u0259y\u0259 haql\u0131 deyilik\u201d. Dekabr\u0131n 24-d\u0259 \u0130ran parlamenti burax\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 S\u0259msaus-S\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131 \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evir\u0259n ultimatumu q\u0259bul edir.<br><br>Sonralar Yeprem t\u00f6r\u0259tdiyi cinay\u0259tl\u0259r bar\u0259d\u0259 bel\u0259 qeyd edir: \u201c1908-ci il fevral\u0131n 8-d\u0259 Qiyas Nizami o\u011flu Nasir xan\u0131 m\u00fcavini il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Q\u0259zvind\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Sonra onun f\u0259rra\u015f ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 V\u0259li xan\u0131 tap\u0131b q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirdim. Q\u0259zvind\u0259n 35 kilometr aral\u0131da\u2014Xurzan adl\u0131 yerd\u0259 erm\u0259ni d\u0259st\u0259sil\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u015eahsev\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259n 58 n\u0259f\u0259ri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcb, 46 n\u0259f\u0259ri is\u0259 yaralad\u0131q. Q\u0259sd\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fck. \u00c7\u00fcnki onlar \u00e7adralar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda silah da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131lar. U\u015faqlar\u0131 q\u0259sd\u0259n \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259dik. Onlar t\u0259sad\u00fcf\u00fc g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259rin qurban\u0131 oldular\u201d. Qat\u0131 cani Yeprem daha sonra qeyd edir: \u201cAprelin 19-da 90 n\u0259f\u0259rlik erm\u0259ni d\u0259st\u0259si il\u0259 Q\u0259zvin\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etdik. Qiyas Nizaminin 21 ya\u015fl\u0131 o\u011flunu \u0259sir g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcm. Q\u0259zvind\u0259 60-70 n\u0259f\u0259ri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcb, 35 n\u0259f\u0259ri yaralad\u0131q. S\u0259rdar\u0131 tutub g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259dim\u201d. T\u00fcrk qan\u0131na susam\u0131\u015f Yeprem 1908-ci il aprelin 18-d\u0259 7 n\u0259f\u0259r erm\u0259ni silahl\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 \u015eahsev\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 h\u00fccum edib 8 n\u0259f\u0259r ki\u015fi v\u0259 bir qad\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc, Q\u0259zvind\u0259 is\u0259 k\u00fcrd q\u0259bil\u0259l\u0259rinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Qiyas Nizamini g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259diyini bildirirdi. Yeprem 1908-ci il iyunun 24-d\u0259 Tehran \u0259traf\u0131nda \u2013 Qarat\u0259p\u0259nin \u00fc\u00e7 kilometrliyind\u0259 B\u0259xtiyaril\u0259rd\u0259n 50-60 n\u0259f\u0259rin \u00f6ld\u00fcrm\u0259sini lov\u011fal\u0131qla qeyd edirdi. Bu murdar xisl\u0259tli \u015f\u0259xs quldur erm\u0259ni d\u0259st\u0259sil\u0259 Tehranda Sip\u0259hsalar m\u0259scidin\u0259 h\u00fccum etm\u0259sini v\u0259 ordak\u0131lar\u0131n qa\u00e7mas\u0131ndan da a\u011f\u0131zdolusu s\u00f6hb\u0259t a\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131. Da\u015fnak quldurlar\u0131n\u0131n Tehrandak\u0131 h\u0259rbi q\u0259rargah\u0131 erm\u0259ni m\u0259kt\u0259b binasi idi. Erm\u0259ni mill\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rinin \u201cs\u0259daq\u0259t\u201d v\u0259 \u201cf\u0259dakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u201d bel ba\u011flayan \u0130ran\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 onlara x\u00fcsusi imtiyaz v\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259r verirdil\u0259r.<br><br>Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycana ayaq a\u00e7malar\u0131 rus imeratoru I Pyotrun hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Bel\u0259 ki, I Pyotr 1722-ci ilin noyabr\u0131nda Gilan\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri olan R\u0259\u015ft\u0259 h\u0259rbi d\u0259niz donanmas\u0131 v\u0259 ordu yeridir. H\u0259min q\u0259sbkar y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 rus ordusundan savay\u0131, erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259 i\u015ftirak edirdi. 1723-c\u00fc il iyulun 26-da rus v\u0259 erm\u0259ni birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri R\u0259\u015fti i\u015f\u011fal edir. \u00c7ar I Pyotr Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f m\u0259likl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0130rana qar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcsyana qalxma\u011fa v\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rini m\u00fcst\u0259qil idar\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u015f\u0259rait yaradaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. G\u00fcl\u00fcstan, Coraberd, Xa\u00e7\u0131n, V\u0259r\u0259nd\u0259 v\u0259 Dizak\u0131n daxil oldu\u011fu Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f m\u0259likl\u0259ri be\u015f tayfadan ibar\u0259t idi. H\u0259r tayfa ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 fars s\u00f6z\u00fc olan \u201cm\u0259lik\u201d (r\u0259is ) l\u0259q\u0259bi il\u0259 adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. 1730-cu il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r h\u0259min m\u0259likl\u0259rin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na son qoyulmu\u015fdu. Bundan sonra erm\u0259nil\u0259r Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011fa yiy\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Rusiyaya \u0259l a\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. \u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n Qafqaz v\u0259 \u0130rana h\u00fccumlar\u0131 erm\u0259nil\u0259ri \u00f6z m\u0259krli planlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 s\u00f6vq edirdi.<br><br>1918-ci ild\u0259 rus qo\u015fununun C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259sind\u0259n sevin\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r h\u0259rbi ordu hiss\u0259l\u0259ri yarad\u0131b Maku, Xoy, Urmiyada qanl\u0131 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar t\u00f6r\u0259tdil\u0259r. Urmiya g\u00f6l\u00fc \u0259traf\u0131nda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259n v\u0259 yand\u0131r\u0131lan az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n say\u0131 olduqca \u00e7ox idi. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r m\u0259\u015frut\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 x\u0259yan\u0259t edib rus d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halinin q\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda v\u0259 yand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak edirdil\u0259r. \u00c7ar ordusunun C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycandan \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bil\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r b\u0259rk qorxuya d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcl\u0259r. Ruslar \u0259razid\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xark\u0259n \u00f6z silahlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259m\u0259nnas\u0131z olaraq erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 verdil\u0259r. Seyid \u018fhm\u0259d K\u0259sr\u0259vi bu hadis\u0259l\u0259ri bel\u0259 qeyd etmi\u015fdir: \u201cBiz dedik ki, \u00fcr\u0259k da\u011flayan Urmiya dastan\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131ca yazaca\u011f\u0131q. Dey ay\u0131n\u0131n 11-i (dekabr\u0131n 31-i) idi ki, ruslar Urmiyan\u0131 t\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Onlar\u0131n ordusunun bir hiss\u0259si s\u0259rh\u0259d\u0259 do\u011fru geri \u00e7\u0259kildi, sabah\u0131s\u0131 \u2013 ay\u0131n 12-d\u0259 qalan qo\u015funlar da oran\u0131 t\u0259rk etdil\u0259r. Son 1-2 ay \u0259rzind\u0259 qan t\u00f6k\u00fcb talan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q ed\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r qorxub Urmiyada qalmaq ist\u0259mirdil\u0259r. 10 min\u0259 yax\u0131n ki\u015fi v\u0259 qad\u0131n u\u015faqlar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131\u011f\u0131b t\u0259l\u0259sik \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk etdil\u0259r. Onlar k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc sur\u0259td\u0259 \u0259cn\u0259bil\u0259rd\u0259n ald\u0131qlar\u0131 silahla yerli g\u00fcnahs\u0131z \u0259halinin qan\u0131n\u0131 t\u00f6kd\u00fcl\u0259r. Lakin \u0259sas s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz erm\u0259nil\u0259rin iranl\u0131larla d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7ilik m\u00f6vqeyind\u0259 durmas\u0131 idi. O adamlar ki, \u0259srl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0130randa ya\u015fay\u0131b v\u0259 onun b\u00fct\u00fcn nem\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n, rahatl\u0131qlar\u0131ndan faydalan\u0131b \u0259cn\u0259bil\u0259rin g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fi il\u0259 \u00f6z h\u0259mv\u0259t\u0259nl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7ilik etdil\u0259r\u201d.<br><br>\u00d6zl\u0259rini ariyal\u0131larla h\u0259mirq v\u0259 qan qohumu adland\u0131ran erm\u0259nil\u0259r C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Urmiya, Xoy, T\u0259briz v\u0259 Salmas \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 qanl\u0131 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar t\u00f6r\u0259tdil\u0259r. Erm\u0259ni quldur d\u0259st\u0259sinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 A\u011fa Petros, assuril\u0259rin r\u0259hb\u0259ri Marsimon v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r Salmasdan Urmiyaya g\u0259ldil\u0259r. Erm\u0259ni d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri evl\u0259r\u0259 soxularaq talan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q edir, evl\u0259ri yand\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar. Toplarla \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri oda tuturdular. Seyid \u018fhm\u0259d K\u0259sr\u0259vi yaz\u0131r: \u201cOnlar Urmiyada 500 ev\u0259 od vurub yand\u0131rd\u0131lar, ki\u015fi, qad\u0131n v\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Bel\u0259 z\u00fclm v\u0259 v\u0259h\u015filik he\u00e7 bir \u0259srd\u0259 edilm\u0259mi\u015f v\u0259 he\u00e7 bir qanunda g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015fdi\u201d.<br><br>Urmiyada 15 min\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259hali ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. Erm\u0259ni quldurlar\u0131 t\u0259kc\u0259 bir g\u00fcnd\u0259 1500 n\u0259f\u0259r az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirdil\u0259r. Osmanl\u0131 qo\u015funu Urmiyaya g\u0259l\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r erm\u0259ni qani\u00e7\u0259nl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n 10 mind\u0259n art\u0131q soyda\u015f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar haqda Seyid \u018fhm\u0259d K\u0259sr\u0259vi yaz\u0131r: \u201c1918-ci ilin mart\u0131nda erm\u0259nil\u0259r qap\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131b, evl\u0259r\u0259 girib azya\u015fl\u0131 q\u0131z u\u015faqlar\u0131n\u0131 zorlad\u0131lar, sonra onlarla b\u0259rab\u0259r ki\u015fil\u0259ri v\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Evl\u0259rind\u0259n qa\u00e7ma\u011fa m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q olanlar\u0131 is\u0259 k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259yirdil\u0259r&#8230; Analar u\u015faqlar\u0131n\u0131 qana boyanm\u0131\u015f v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Bu d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli hadis\u0259l\u0259ri, v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259ri insan art\u0131q \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259 bilmir\u201d. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri k\u00fctl\u0259vi q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nda 10 min n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 yax\u0131n az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, \u0259halinin m\u00fclk\u00fc, \u0259mlak\u0131 \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irildi. 1918-ci il iyunun 24-d\u0259 quldur d\u0259st\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Andronik Ozanyan\u0131n silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri Xoy \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini m\u00fchasir\u0259y\u0259 ald\u0131lar. Toplar\u0131 i\u015f\u0259 salaraq bir ne\u00e7\u0259 evi da\u011f\u0131td\u0131lar, g\u00fcnahs\u0131z insanlar\u0131 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirdil\u0259r. Xalq\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yin\u0259 \u00e7atan osmanl\u0131lar quldur Andronikin ordusunu geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edirl\u0259r.<br><br>Ruslara s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan da\u015fnaklar v\u0259 onun h\u0259rbi ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Pertos topxana v\u0259 h\u0259rbi qruplar\u0131 il\u0259 Urmiyadan Salmasa h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etdil\u0259r v\u0259 burada \u00e7oxlu sayda insan\u0131n qan\u0131 ax\u0131d\u0131ld\u0131. Andronik yenid\u0259n \u00f6z q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rini qaydaya salaraq Xoya h\u00fccum etdi. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcdafi\u0259sin\u0259 qalxan xoylular erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r z\u0259rb\u0259 endirdil\u0259r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/photo_22859.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-48506\" width=\"921\" height=\"626\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/photo_22859.jpg 400w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/photo_22859-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/photo_22859-150x102.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 921px) 100vw, 921px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><br><br>1918-ci il iyunun 26-da Xalxaldan olan ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015fi Mirm\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d Pi\u015fnamaz\u0131n \u00f6z evind\u0259 ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0259sib b\u0259d\u0259nini tik\u0259-tik\u0259 etdil\u0259r. Rus v\u0259 ingilis havadarlar\u0131na arxalanan erm\u0259nil\u0259r quldur Andronik Ozanyan\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 Urmiyada, Xoyda, Salmasada v\u0259 T\u0259brizd\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar t\u00f6r\u0259tdil\u0259r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin misli g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f az\u011f\u0131nl\u0131qlar\u0131na d\u00f6zm\u0259y\u0259n Salmas v\u0259 Urmiyan\u0131n k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fayan sakinl\u0259r evl\u0259rini t\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur oldular.<br><br>Erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 farslar\u0131n dil, irq v\u0259 qan qohumlu\u011fu oldu\u011funu \u0130ran alimi P\u0259rviz V\u0259rc\u0259v\u0259ndin 1999-cu ild\u0259 Tehranda fars dilind\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr etdirdiyi \u201c\u0130ran v\u0259 Qafqaz\u201d (\u201caran \u015firvan\u201d) kitab\u0131nda Andronik Hoyan\u0131n \u201cErm\u0259ni m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti il\u0259 \u0130ran m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin uzun s\u00fcr\u0259n h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259lik ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131\u201d yaz\u0131s\u0131 (s\u0259h. 361-389) \u00e7ap olumu\u015fdur. O yaz\u0131r: \u201cErm\u0259nil\u0259rin dili hind-Avropa dilinin bir \u015fax\u0259sidir ki, fars dili il\u0259 yax\u0131n qohumluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri vard\u0131r. Parfiya \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 iranl\u0131lar v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r bir-birinin dilini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Haz\u0131rda p\u0259hl\u0259vi l\u00fc\u011f\u0259tl\u0259ri erm\u0259ni dilind\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edilm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Andronikin kitab\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u0259qvimi il\u0259 farslar\u0131n t\u0259qvimi eynidir.\u201d B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar bar\u0259d\u0259 amerikl\u0131 tarix\u00e7i haql\u0131 olaraq qeyd edir: \u201c&#8230;Bura g\u0259l\u0259n ilk erm\u0259nil\u0259r f\u0131r\u0131ldaq\u00e7\u0131, mac\u0259ra axtaran olmu\u015flar. Onlar avant\u00fcrist olmasayd\u0131lar, dig\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259razi qoparmaq x\u0259yal\u0131nda olub \u201db\u00f6y\u00fck hayastan&#187; yaratmaq fikrin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259zdil\u0259r&#187;. Erm\u0259ni mill\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259ri bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 \u0130randa Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259xribatlar\u0131n\u0131 davam etdirirl\u0259r.<br><br><br><br>Firudin C\u00dcM\u015e\u00dcDL\u00dc,<br>ADPU-nun Az\u0259rbaycan tarixi kafedras\u0131n\u0131n dosenti, tarix elml\u0259ri namiz\u0259di<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin xarici \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycana k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 demokratik v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin tamamil\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdu. Erm\u0259ni avant\u00fcristl\u0259rinin \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fck Erm\u0259nistan\u201d x\u00fclyas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":48507,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-48504","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48504","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=48504"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":48508,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48504\/revisions\/48508"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/48507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=48504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=48504"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=48504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}