{"id":4917,"date":"2020-04-27T02:20:36","date_gmt":"2020-04-26T22:20:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=4917"},"modified":"2020-04-27T10:23:29","modified_gmt":"2020-04-27T06:23:29","slug":"turk-tayfalari-kimmerl%c9%99r-skifl%c9%99r-saklar-onlarin-etnik-t%c9%99rkibi-v%c9%99-dili-haqqinda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=4917","title":{"rendered":"T\u00dcRK TAYFALARI: kimmerl\u0259r, skifl\u0259r, saklar, onlar\u0131n etnik t\u0259rkibi v\u0259 dili haqq\u0131nda"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u00fcrk\u00fcn be\u015fiyi

Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si, dil tarixinin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si m\u00fcxt\u0259lif konsepsiyalar\u0131n toqqu\u015fmas\u0131 yolu il\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015f g\u0259rgin m\u00fcbariz\u0259 prosesinin n\u0259tic\u0259si kimi meydana \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r v\u0259 \u0259slind\u0259, yuxar\u0131dan n\u0259zar\u0259t olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, olan n\u0259zar\u0259t d\u0259 \u0259ks q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin xeyrin\u0259 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259 haz\u0131rk\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259 daha k\u0259skin \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 davam etm\u0259kd\u0259dir.
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0421\u043a\u0438\u0444\u044b<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


Dilin v\u0259 xalq\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yini m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k sah\u0259sind\u0259 bilavasit\u0259 imkanl\u0131 v\u0259 ixtiyarl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r daim m\u00fchafiz\u0259kar m\u00f6vqe tutmu\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7ox q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259n k\u00f6kl\u00fc t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu faktlar\u0131n\u0131 inkar etm\u0259kl\u0259, t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycana ilkin g\u0259li\u015fini eram\u0131z\u0131n III-V \u0259srl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011flam\u0131\u015f, lakin bu g\u0259li\u015fin d\u0259 el\u0259 bir \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrk dilinin XI-XIII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 s\u0259lcuq-o\u011fuzlar\u0131n g\u0259li\u015fi il\u0259 t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 israrla s\u00fcbuta \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. Bu qrupun n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Orta Asiyada, Sayan-Altay da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fimal-q\u0259rb b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259, Yenisey \u00e7ay\u0131 boyunda ya\u015fay\u0131b artd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Avropaya, Asiyan\u0131n dig\u0259r yerl\u0259rin\u0259, X\u0259z\u0259rin c\u0259nubuna v\u0259 q\u0259rb sahill\u0259rin\u0259 buradan yay\u0131lma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ilkin yay\u0131lman\u0131n daha \u00e7ox miladdan sonra V \u0259sr\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf etdiyini g\u00fcman v\u0259 iddia etmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


D\u00fcnya elminin arxaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 arxeoloji materiallar g\u00f6st\u0259rdi ki, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin ilkin v\u0259t\u0259ni Sayan-Altay \u0259razil\u0259ri deyil, \u00d6n Asiya olmu\u015f, ilkin miqrasiyalar m\u0259hz buradan ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r buradan M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyaya k\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f, min ill\u0259rl\u0259 o yerl\u0259rd\u0259 art\u0131b-\u00e7oxalaraq yeni \u0259lveri\u015fli ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f sah\u0259l\u0259ri axtar\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 yenid\u0259n geriy\u0259 — \u00f6z ilkin yurdlar\u0131na d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r. Ulu dil \u00d6n Asiya v\u0259 Aral\u0131q d\u0259nizi h\u0259nd\u0259v\u0259rind\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 burada protodill\u0259r\u0259 par\u00e7alanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Prat\u00fcrk \u00d6n Asiyada t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapm\u0131\u015f, dialekt par\u00e7alanmalar\u0131 il\u0259 mezolitd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq bizim d\u0259qiq bilm\u0259diyimiz d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 \u015f\u0259rq\u0259, q\u0259rb\u0259 v\u0259 \u015fimala buradan h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etmi\u015fdir. Lakin yerli tayfalar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck bir qismi v\u0259 ya tayfa b\u00f6l\u00fcml\u0259ri \u00f6z ilkin v\u0259t\u0259nini, do\u011fma yurdlar\u0131n\u0131 — Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rini, indiki Az\u0259rbaycan, \u0130ran v\u0259 \u0130raq b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rini he\u00e7 vaxt t\u0259rk etm\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r. Bu \u0259razil\u0259r t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n daimi m\u0259sk\u0259ni olmu\u015f, onlar bu \u0259razil\u0259r\u0259 sonralar g\u0259l\u0259n irandillil\u0259r, qafqazdillil\u0259r v\u0259 samil\u0259rl\u0259 qon\u015fuluqda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. M\u00fchafiz\u0259kar tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259, hans\u0131 dild\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinm\u0259y\u0259n q\u0259dim aborigen Az\u0259rbaycan etnoslar\u0131 iki d\u0259f\u0259 — \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 Mada imperiyas\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 v\u0259 sonra da XI-XII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00f6z etnik simas\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fmi\u015f, birinci d\u00f6vrd\u0259 iranl\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f, ikinci d\u00f6vrd\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fl\u0259r. Lakin tarix\u0259 yeni g\u00f6zl\u0259 baxan aliml\u0259rin t\u0259dqiq v\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131, eyni zamanda k\u00fclli miqdarda dil faktlar\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, q\u0259dim Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n aborigen etnoslar\u0131 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t olmu\u015f v\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt \u00f6z etnik simalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259mi\u015f, he\u00e7 vaxt iranl\u0131la\u015fmaya m\u0259\u2019ruz qalmam\u0131\u015flar. \u018fksin\u0259, yeni g\u0259l\u0259n t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131 daim onlara qol-qanad vermi\u015f, onlar\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirmi\u015fdir. h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri (Y.Yusifov, T.Hac\u0131yev, Q.Qeybullayev, M.\u0130smay\u0131l, E.\u018flib\u0259yzad\u0259, V.H\u0259bibo\u011flu, \u00c7.Qara\u015farl\u0131 v\u0259 b.) tarixi faktlardan ald\u0131qlar\u0131 t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcrat \u0259sas\u0131nda daim Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 t\u00fcrk\u00fcn v\u0259t\u0259ni g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r. Bu yax\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 Z.H.H\u0259s\u0259nov \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00ab\u00c7ar skifl\u0259ri\u00bb adl\u0131 monumental \u0259s\u0259ri il\u0259 bu siyah\u0131n\u0131 daha da geni\u015fl\u0259ndirmi\u015f oldu.

Tarixin biz\u0259 yax\u0131n d\u00f6vrl\u0259rind\u0259 t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycana \u00fc\u00e7 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 g\u0259li\u015fi m\u0259\u2019lumdur:

1. E.\u0259. VIII-VII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 kimmer, skif, sak tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u0259li\u015fi;

2. Eram\u0131z\u0131n birinci minilliyinin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259n (daha \u00e7ox I-V \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 sonrak\u0131 d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259) hunlar\u0131n g\u0259li\u015fi;

3. XI — XII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 s\u0259lcuq-o\u011fuzlar\u0131n g\u0259li\u015fi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Xurshid<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



He\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259siz, bunlar zaman-zaman Az\u0259rbaycanda t\u00fcrk etnoslar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 t\u00fcrk dilinin m\u00f6vqeyini g\u00fccl\u0259ndirmi\u015f, yerli t\u00fcrk tayfa dill\u0259rinin \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259, \u00fcmumxalq Az\u0259rbaycan dilinin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcn\u0259 x\u00fcsusi t\u0259\u2019sir g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir.

H\u0259l\u0259lik Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisin\u0259 t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n ilk g\u0259li\u015fi kimmer, skif v\u0259 sak tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u0259li\u015fi hesab olunur. Bunlar ilk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ne\u00e7\u0259 min il \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259n m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f aborigen t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131 kutil\u0259r, lullubil\u0259r, sular, turukkil\u0259r, kaslar v\u0259 b. il\u0259 v\u0259 onlar\u0131n varisl\u0259ri mannal\u0131lar, madal\u0131larla bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t qon\u015fuluq m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 olsalar da, t\u0259dric\u0259n yerli t\u00fcrk etnoslar\u0131 il\u0259 qaynay\u0131b-qar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, e.\u0259.I minilliyin ortalar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayaraq, daha \u0259sasl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 konsolidasiya prosesi ke\u00e7ir\u0259r\u0259k Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 dilinin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259 bilavasit\u0259 i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fl\u0259r.

Q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131 i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 ilk g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r kimmerl\u0259r hesab olunur. Herodotun (e.\u0259.484-425) m\u0259lumat\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, Qara d\u0259nizin \u015fimal sahill\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan kimmerl\u0259r e.\u0259. VIII \u0259srd\u0259 \u015f\u0259rqd\u0259n o yerl\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n skifl\u0259rl\u0259 toqqu\u015fmadan \u00e7\u0259kin\u0259r\u0259k C\u0259nubi Qafqaza enmi\u015f, buradan is\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik Asiyaya ke\u00e7mi\u015fl\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n bir qismi K\u00fcr-Araz vadisinin q\u0259rb hiss\u0259sind\u0259 — Az\u0259rbaycan-G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan s\u0259rh\u0259di boyu yerl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdir. Lakin bu yerl\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7ox dayanmayaraq o vaxtlar Urartu n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259 olan indiki Erm\u0259nistan \u0259razisin\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015fl\u0259r. Urartulularla toqqu\u015fmal\u0131 olmu\u015f, onlar\u0131 m\u0259\u011flub etmi\u015fl\u0259r (e.\u0259.715). M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin m\u0259lumat\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, skifl\u0259r (saklar) onlar\u0131 izl\u0259m\u0259kd\u0259 olduqlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kimmerl\u0259r Ki\u00e7ik Asiyaya h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k oradak\u0131 Friqiya d\u00f6vl\u0259tini l\u0259\u011fv etmi\u015fl\u0259r. O zaman bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin tabeliyind\u0259 olan, Hayasa adl\u0131 vilay\u0259td\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hay adlanan erm\u0259nil\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si \u00f6z yurdlar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk ed\u0259r\u0259k indiki Erm\u0259nistan \u0259razisin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7m\u0259li olmu\u015flar. Sonralar kimmerl\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si Manna \u0259razisin\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k burada k\u00f6k salm\u0131\u015f, mannal\u0131lar, madal\u0131larla qaynay\u0131b-qar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n etnik t\u0259rkibin\u0259 daxil olmu\u015flar.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



Herodotun v\u0259 Diodorun qeydl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyadan \u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz sahill\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f \u0259razil\u0259ri tutan skifl\u0259rin \u00d6n Qafqaza g\u0259li\u015fi VIII \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131na aid edilir. Onlar \u00abtarixin atas\u0131\u00bbn\u0131n fikrin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, kimmerl\u0259rin ard\u0131nca ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k D\u0259rb\u0259nd ke\u00e7idi vasit\u0259sil\u0259 \u00d6n Asiyaya \u00e7atm\u0131\u015f, Araz \u00e7ay\u0131ndan \u015fimalda m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. Skifl\u0259rin bir qismi kimmerl\u0259rin izi il\u0259 Midiya (Az\u0259rbaycan) \u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 daxil olmu\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycanda Skif \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015flar.

Skifl\u0259r iki b\u00f6l\u00fck olmu\u015flar. Bir b\u00f6l\u00fcy\u00fc Manna \u0259razisind\u0259, dig\u0259ri Urartunun c\u0259nubunda yerl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdir. Tarix\u00e7il\u0259r qeyd edirl\u0259r ki, VII \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda bu iki m\u0259rk\u0259z birl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, kimmerl\u0259ri d\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 qat\u0131b Kimmer-skif-sak pad\u015fahl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015flar. E.\u0259. 693-c\u00fc il hadis\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar T\u00f6vrat Urartu v\u0259 Manna il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, Skif \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da xat\u0131rlad\u0131r. \u00c7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilk hakimi kimmer ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Tuqdamme olmu\u015fdur. O, \u00abSaklar \u00f6lk\u0259sinin v\u0259 Qutiumun \u00e7ar\u0131\u00bb r\u00fctb\u0259sini da\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.

VII \u0259srin son r\u00fcb\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131nda (e.\u0259.625-ci il) Kimmer-skif-sak pad\u015fahl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mada il\u0259 r\u0259qab\u0259t\u0259 d\u00f6zm\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k s\u00fcqut etmi\u015fdir. Bu zaman skifl\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si yenid\u0259n Qara d\u0259nizin \u015fimal sahill\u0259rin\u0259 \u00fcz tutmu\u015f, bir hiss\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycanda — saklar\u0131n ad\u0131 il\u0259 Sakasena adlanan \u0259razid\u0259 qalm\u0131\u015flar. \u00ab\u015e\u00fcbh\u0259 yoxdur ki, e.\u0259.VII \u0259srin saklar\u0131 e.\u0259 VI-V \u0259srl\u0259rin ortokoribantlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 e. \u0259. IV-I \u0259srl\u0259rin sakasenl\u0259rinin \u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr v\u0259 qaynaqlara g\u00f6r\u0259 onlar daha m\u0259hdud bir \u0259razid\u0259 — Sakasenada (\u015eaka\u015fen) ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar\u00bb. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Azov d\u0259nizinin q\u0259rb sahill\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7arl\u0131q yaratm\u0131\u015f olan skifl\u0259rin bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t C\u0259nubi Qafqaz — indiki Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. Elmi \u0259d\u0259biyyatda bunlar \u00ab\u00e7ar skifl\u0259ri\u00bb adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\uc815\ub3d9\ud658\uc758<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


Skifl\u0259r m\u00fcxt\u0259lif tayfalar\u0131n birliyind\u0259n ibar\u0259t olmu\u015f, geni\u015f \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015flar. Strabon tarix\u00e7i Eforun fikrini yada salaraq g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, \u00ab\u0259g\u0259r g\u00f6y\u00fc v\u0259 yeri d\u00f6rd hiss\u0259y\u0259 b\u00f6ls\u0259k, onda \u015f\u0259rqi hindlil\u0259r, c\u0259nub t\u0259r\u0259fi h\u0259b\u0259\u015fl\u0259r, q\u0259rb t\u0259r\u0259fi keltl\u0259r, \u015fimal t\u0259r\u0259fi skifl\u0259r tutur\u00bb. O bunu da \u0259lav\u0259 edir ki, \u00abH\u0259b\u0259\u015f v\u0259 skif \u0259razil\u0259ri daha b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr\u00bb.

Q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131ndan skifl\u0259rin, saklar\u0131n, kimmerl\u0259rin Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u00fckl\u0259r, kaspil\u0259r, util\u0259r haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumata Herodotdan \u0259vv\u0259l Assur m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 rast g\u0259lirik. Assur \u00e7ar\u0131 Asarxaddonun (e.\u0259.681-668) vaxt\u0131nda akkad dilind\u0259 t\u0259rtib olunmu\u015f gil l\u00f6vh\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 kimmerl\u0259rin, skifl\u0259rin Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 oldu\u011fu v\u0259 madal\u0131larla birlikd\u0259 Assuriya \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccuma haz\u0131rla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 r\u0259mmal (orakul) m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259ri vard\u0131r. Hiss olunur ki, assurlar b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259la\u015f v\u0259 h\u0259y\u0259can i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259dirl\u0259r. Kimmerl\u0259rin yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259la\u015f bu yaz\u0131larda ayd\u0131n hiss olunur: \u00abS\u0259nd\u0259n soru\u015furam, \u015eama\u015f, b\u00f6y\u00fck hakim, bu g\u00fcn n\u0259 ba\u015f verir, bu ilin bu ayar ay\u0131n\u0131n 3-d\u0259, aba ay\u0131n\u0131n 11-n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r — dey\u0259s\u0259n, Ka\u015ftariti \u00f6z ordusu il\u0259, dey\u0259s\u0259n, kimmerl\u0259rin ordusu, dey\u0259s\u0259n, mannal\u0131lar\u0131n ordusu, dey\u0259s\u0259n, midiyal\u0131lar\u0131n ordusu, dey\u0259s\u0259n, d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n kim olursa-olsun, bu Ki\u015fessu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini onlar tutacaqlar, bu Ki\u015fessu \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri ged\u0259c\u0259k, bu Ki\u015fessu \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri onlar\u0131n \u0259li il\u0259 i\u015f\u011fal olunacaq, \u00f6z hakimliyin alt\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131xacaq\u00bb.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0442\u044e\u0440\u043a\u0438<\/figure>\n\n\n\n



H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 skifl\u0259rin d\u0259 assurlar \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 yerim\u0259kd\u0259 oldu\u011funu m\u0259nb\u0259 qeyd etmi\u015fdir: \u00ab\u015eama\u015f, b\u00f6y\u00fck hakim, o \u015fey haqq\u0131nda ki, m\u0259n s\u0259nd\u0259n soru\u015furam, d\u00fcz cavab ver m\u0259n\u0259. Bartatua, bu saat Asarxaddona, Assur \u00e7ar\u0131na \u00e7apar g\u00f6nd\u0259r\u0259n Skif \u00e7ar\u0131, ondan \u00f6tr\u00fc ki… \u0259g\u0259r Asarxaddon, Assur \u00e7ar\u0131 \u00e7ar q\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z qaremas\u0131ndan arvadl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6nd\u0259rs\u0259… Bartatua, Skif \u00e7ar\u0131 onunla m\u00fcqavil\u0259 ba\u011flar, inaml\u0131 v\u0259 mehriban s\u00f6hb\u0259t olar…\u00bb

Skifl\u0259r m\u00fcxt\u0259lif tayfa birlikl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t olmu\u015flar. Herodotun m\u0259\u2019lumat\u0131ndan bel\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xarmaq olur ki, m\u00fcst\u0259qil skif dili varm\u0131\u015f. Eyni zamanda ellin dilind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan skifl\u0259r d\u0259 varm\u0131\u015f. Savromatlar, amazonkalar \u00abpis skif dilind\u0259\u00bb dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar. Bir s\u0131ra tayfalar\u0131n is\u0259 \u00f6z ayr\u0131 dill\u0259ri varm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 skifl\u0259r m\u0259rk\u0259z\u0259 y\u0131\u011f\u0131\u015fanda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00abyeddi dilmanc\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 yeddi dild\u0259\u00bb apar\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar. (Herodot,IV,24; 58; 21) B\u00f6y\u00fck ordu il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r, fikir m\u00fcbadil\u0259si zaman\u0131 iavr, aqafirs, nevr, androfaq, melanxlen, qelon, budin v\u0259 savromat \u00e7arlar\u0131 y\u0131\u011f\u0131larm\u0131\u015f.

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, qaynaqlardan ayd\u0131n olur ki, Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisin\u0259 e.\u0259. VIII \u0259srin sonlar\u0131nda ilk ayaq basan t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131 kimmerl\u0259r, skifl\u0259r v\u0259 saklar olmu\u015flar.

Skif dilinin varisi bar\u0259d\u0259. Skifl\u0259rin daha \u00e7ox \u0130ran, t\u00fcrk v\u0259 slavyan dill\u0259rind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan tayfalar oldu\u011fu daha inand\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 hesab olunur. Onlar\u0131 yaln\u0131z iranm\u0259n\u015f\u0259li hesab ed\u0259nl\u0259r d\u0259 vard\u0131r. Bu konsepsiya daha \u00e7ox V.\u0130.Abayevin ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131na \u0259saslan\u0131r. Z.H.H\u0259s\u0259nov V.\u0130.Abayevin t\u0259dqiq v\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 diqq\u0259tl\u0259 izl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, skifl\u0259ri yaln\u0131z irandilli tayfalar kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onun m\u00fcdd\u0259alar\u0131n\u0131n he\u00e7 bir \u0259sas verm\u0259diyini \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xarm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. V.\u0130.Abayev c\u0259mi 650 min n\u0259f\u0259rlik \u0259halinin istifad\u0259 etdiyi osetin dilini Qafqaz dill\u0259ri substrat\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda yaranm\u0131\u015f \u0130ran dill\u0259rind\u0259n biri kimi \u0259sasland\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, bu dili skif dilinin varisi hesab etmi\u015fdir.

V.F.Miller, A.A.Sobolevski, N.Y.Marr, K.M\u00fcllenqof, F.Yusti, V.Toma\u015fek, C.Markvart, M.Fasmer, Y.Xarmat v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 da eyni fikird\u0259 olmu\u015flar. Lakin osetinl\u0259rin irandilli olmas\u0131 probleminin \u00f6z\u00fc \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259lidir, bu bar\u0259d\u0259 yekdil fikir yoxdur. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, V.\u0130.Abayevin skif, sarmat, alan dill\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcb osetin dili il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etdiyi 196 s\u00f6z\u00fcn se\u00e7ilm\u0259si prinsipi d\u0259 d\u00fcz hesab olunmur. V.\u0130.Abayev e.\u0259. Herodot d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn skif, eram\u0131z\u0131n IV-V \u0259srl\u0259rin\u0259 aid sarmat s\u00f6zl\u0259rini osetin leksikas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Bu c\u00fcr m\u00fcqayis\u0259 elmi obyektivliy\u0259 ziddir. V.\u0130.Abayev \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259td\u0259n yan ke\u00e7\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015f, \u00f6z \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259l\u0259rini gizl\u0259tm\u0259kd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kinmi\u015fdir: \u00ab…ilk m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rd\u0259, Herodotda biz daha \u00e7ox termin\u0259, s\u00f6z\u0259 rast g\u0259lirik ki, \u0130ran dill\u0259ri il\u0259 kafi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 izah olunmur. \u0130ranl\u0131la\u015fma sonralar bir s\u0131ra m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 getmi\u015fdir. Onun ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 iranaq\u0259d\u0259rki elementl\u0259rin x\u00fcsusi \u00e7\u0259kisi h\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm yer tuturdu\u00bb. \u0130.M.Miziyev m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir ki, V.\u0130.Abayevin \u0259sasland\u0131\u011f\u0131 196 s\u00f6z\u00fcn 48 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif q\u0259dim abid\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 (\u00abAvesta\u00bb v\u0259 s.) i\u015fl\u0259ns\u0259 d\u0259, osetin dilind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259mi\u015fdir; yerd\u0259 qalan 148 s\u00f6z\u00fcn 101 is\u0259 xalis t\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u015f\u0259li s\u00f6zl\u0259rdir — V.\u0130.Abayev onlar\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif fonetik d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 \u0130ran dill\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 halda, onlar he\u00e7 bir fonetik \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 ehtiyac olmadan t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u041e<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


Z. H\u0259s\u0259nov skifl\u0259rin toteml\u0259ri say\u0131lan qurd v\u0259 maral\u0131n osetinl\u0259rl\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u0259laq\u0259si olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da t\u0259bii faktlarla s\u00fcbut etmi\u015fdir. Osetinl\u0259rd\u0259 qurd s\u00f6z\u00fc t\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u015f\u0259lidir,-V.\u0130. Abayev \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 bunu qeyd etmi\u015fdir,-xalq \u00f6z totemini ba\u015fqa dilin s\u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 adland\u0131rmaz v\u0259 \u00f6z totem ad\u0131n\u0131 unutmaz. \u0130kinci totem\u0259 — maral s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259linc\u0259, bu s\u00f6z osetin dilind\u0259 saq \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir v\u0259 Abayevin fikrinc\u0259, skifl\u0259r \u00f6zl\u0259rini bu s\u00f6zl\u0259 saka adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f, saka etnonimi bel\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Z. H\u0259s\u0259nov qeyd edir ki, saq — \u2018maral\u2019 s\u00f6z\u00fc osetin dilind\u0259n ba\u015fqa he\u00e7 bir irandilli \u0259halinin dilind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nmir. V.\u0130. Abayev fikrini \u0259sasland\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn XIX-XX \u0259sr osetin folklorundan misal g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir, lakin t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259 maral m\u0259nas\u0131nda soq-un s\u00f6z\u00fc XII \u0259sr uy\u011fur yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M.Ka\u015f\u011farid\u0259 is\u0259 \u2018erk\u0259k maral\u2019 m\u0259nas\u0131nda s\u0131\u011fun s\u00f6z\u00fc vard\u0131r. Yakut dilind\u0259 saka s\u00f6z\u00fc etnonim say\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 \u2018maral\u2019 m\u0259nas\u0131ndad\u0131r. M\u00fcasir t\u00fcrkm\u0259n dilind\u0259 \u2018maral\u2019 s\u00f6z\u00fc s\u0131\u011f\u0131r, buryat dilind\u0259 sa\u011faa \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259dir v\u0259 s.

M\u00fcxt\u0259lif dill\u0259rd\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan skifl\u0259rin varisini ki\u00e7ik bir xalqla m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131rmaq olmaz. Skifl\u0259rin varisi t\u00fcrkl\u0259r, irandillil\u0259r v\u0259 slavyanlard\u0131r. Skif \u00e7arl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259z\u0259li tayfalar\u0131 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u0259cdadlar\u0131d\u0131r.\/uludil.gen.az\/<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrk\u00fcn be\u015fiyi Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si, dil tarixinin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259si m\u00fcxt\u0259lif konsepsiyalar\u0131n toqqu\u015fmas\u0131 yolu il\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015f g\u0259rgin m\u00fcbariz\u0259 prosesinin n\u0259tic\u0259si kimi meydana \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r v\u0259 \u0259slind\u0259,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4919,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4917","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4917","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4917"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4939,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4917\/revisions\/4939"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}