{"id":52395,"date":"2021-10-30T00:26:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-29T20:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=52395"},"modified":"2021-10-30T00:26:03","modified_gmt":"2021-10-29T20:26:03","slug":"qafqazin-%c9%99sil-sahibi-kiml%c9%99rdi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=52395","title":{"rendered":"Qafqaz\u0131n \u0259sil sahibi kiml\u0259rdi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin mill\u0259t kimi Altay da\u011flar\u0131nda formala\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n C\u0259nubi Qafqaz v\u0259 Anadoluya Altaylardan k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcb g\u0259ldiyini iddia ed\u0259n bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir \u00e7ox elml\u0259r isbat edir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycanda ya\u015fayan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin bu torpaqlarda g\u0259lm\u0259 olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 isbatlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunub. M\u00fcasir ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar is\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Altaylardan bu torpaqlara g\u0259ldiyini deyil, \u0259ksin\u0259 qay\u0131td\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir. Proqram\u0131n apar\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 K\u0259r\u0259m M\u0259mm\u0259dli Altay n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sini pus ed\u0259n arqumentl\u0259ri tama\u015fa\u00e7\u0131lara t\u0259qdim edir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altay s\u00fclal\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6zd\u0259n salmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uydurulmu\u015f n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altay n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si dediyimiz n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 XVIII-XIX \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 formala\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131b. Mahiyy\u0259t n\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi? O d\u00f6vrd\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259 i\u015f\u011fallar\u0131 oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259, \u00e7ox vaxt ingilisl\u0259r, portuqallar, frans\u0131zlar, ispanlar i\u015f\u011fal etdikl\u0259ri \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259ki hakim s\u00fclal\u0259l\u0259ri xalq\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n salmaq, eyni zamanda onlar\u0131n g\u0259lm\u0259 olduqlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda mifl\u0259r uydururdular. Altay xalqlar\u0131 dedikd\u0259 T\u00fcrk, Monqol, Mancur-Tunqus, Koreya v\u0259 Yapon xalqlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. Altay dil ail\u0259sini ona qohum olan bir dil ail\u0259si il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k Ural-Altay dil ail\u0259si adland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Ural xalqlar\u0131na \u00f6zl\u0259rini suomi adland\u0131ran finl\u0259r, uqorlar v\u0259 saamayed (xant\u0131-mansil\u0259r) daxildirl\u0259r. Altay xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6lg\u00fcs\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259, 1-ci m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 bunlar\u0131 3 qism\u0259 ay\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar — t\u00fcrkl\u0259r, monqollar, tunqus-mancurlar. Lakin sonradan Avropada apar\u0131lan ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lum oldu ki, yapon dili v\u0259 Koreya dill\u0259ri d\u0259 Altay dil ail\u0259sin\u0259 daxildir. Mahiyy\u0259t is\u0259 ondan ibar\u0259t idi ki, bu xalqlar\u0131n \u0259cdadlar\u0131 Altay da\u011flar\u0131 v\u0259 onun \u0259traf\u0131nda formala\u015f\u0131b, ondan sonra m\u00fcxt\u0259lif istiqam\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 yay\u0131l\u0131blar. Dil ail\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259, eyni zamanda antropoloji g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fl\u0259 \u00e7ox vaxt \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu, tarixin q\u0131z\u0131l qaydas\u0131d\u0131r. B\u0259s o zaman Altay n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si niy\u0259 uyduruldu? Yegan\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259d o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ist\u0259r Avropan\u0131n bir qismind\u0259, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 Asiyan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck qismind\u0259, Afrikan\u0131n \u015fimal\u0131nda hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259 olan Altay s\u00fclal\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6zd\u0259n salmaq, onlar\u0131n g\u0259lm\u0259 olmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259bli\u011f etm\u0259k idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altay n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sini pu\u00e7lu\u011funu \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xaran amil: m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259, m\u0259hz el\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t faktoru Altay n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin pu\u00e7lu\u011funu \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, ilk yaz\u0131 olaraq petroqlif yaz\u0131lar q\u0259bul olunur. Qobustandan tap\u0131lan \u015f\u0259killi i\u015far\u0259l\u0259r eynil\u0259 Sibird\u0259 v\u0259 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyada tap\u0131lan yaz\u0131 i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. \u0130st\u0259r oradak\u0131 insan \u015f\u0259kill\u0259ri, maral \u015f\u0259kill\u0259ri, \u00f6k\u00fcz \u015f\u0259kill\u0259ri y\u00fczd\u0259 y\u00fcz eynidir, bir-birini t\u0259krar\u0131d\u0131r. Tarixd\u0259 qlottogenez deyil\u0259n anlay\u0131\u015f var, y\u0259ni dil tarixi. Bir d\u0259 kulturogenez var, y\u0259ni m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t tarixi. \u018fn n\u0259hay\u0259t antropogenez, y\u0259ni insanlar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259rinin m\u0259n\u015f\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 k\u00f6kl\u0259ri. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, dil bax\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259, d\u00fcnya xalqlar\u0131 4 b\u00f6y\u00fck qola ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar: amorf dill\u0259r, aqqlyutinativ dill\u0259r, flektiv dill\u0259r v\u0259 polisintetik dill\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, aqqlyutinativ v\u0259 ya iltisaqi dill\u0259r dey\u0259nd\u0259, bu, Ural \u2013Altay dil ail\u0259sin\u0259, daha \u00e7ox da Altay dil ail\u0259sin\u0259 aid edilir. Y\u0259ni, bu dilin morfoloji qurulu\u015fu bel\u0259dir ki, \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 isim g\u0259lir, sonra t\u0259yin, tamaml\u0131q v\u0259 fel. Amorf dill\u0259r dedikd\u0259 is\u0259 \u00c7in dili n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u00c7in dilind\u0259 bir i\u015far\u0259 bir s\u00f6z\u00fc bildirir. Adic\u0259 d\u00fcz \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f v\u0259 yanlar\u0131nda iki d\u0259n\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f x\u0259tt varsa, bu ki\u015fi m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 bildirir, eyni x\u0259tt yuxar\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilibs\u0259, bu qad\u0131n m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. 3 d\u0259n\u0259 eyni \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f ki\u015fi bildir\u0259n heroqlif ordu dem\u0259kdir. 3 d\u0259n\u0259 qad\u0131n i\u015far\u0259si bildir\u0259n \u015f\u0259kil qeyb\u0259t dem\u0259kdir v\u0259 sair. Bu c\u00fcr dill\u0259r\u0259 amorf dill\u0259r deyilir. Bu dill\u0259rd\u0259 k\u00f6k oldu\u011fu kimi qorunub saxlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0259s flektiv dill\u0259r n\u0259 c\u00fcrd\u00fcr? Bu dill\u0259rd\u0259 s\u00f6z \u00f6nl\u00fckl\u0259ri var, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik, qeyri-m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nlik d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259si var, bundan ba\u015fqa, burada art\u0131q fel isimd\u0259n sonra g\u0259lir. Flektiv dill\u0259r Hind-Avropa dill\u0259ri v\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b dilidir. \u018fr\u0259b dey\u0259nd\u0259 m\u0259n t\u0259bii ki, b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 sami dil ail\u0259sini n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturam, buraya h\u0259b\u0259\u015fl\u0259rin bir qisminin dili, y\u0259hudi dili v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif q\u0259dim sami xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n, akkadlar\u0131n, assuriyal\u0131lar\u0131n dill\u0259ri daxildir. Hind-Avropa dill\u0259ri is\u0259 alman, ingilis, frans\u0131z, slavyan,v\u0259 b\u0259zi izolyasiya (t\u0259crid) olunmu\u015f xalqlar\u0131n dill\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Polisintetik v\u0259 ya inkarpasiya ed\u0259n dill\u0259rrd\u0259 is\u0259 haz\u0131rda ancaq Kam\u00e7atkada v\u0259 \u00c7ukotkada ya\u015fayan \u0259hali dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Buna da el\u0259 \u00e7ox zaman bu dill\u0259r\u0259 \u00c7ukotka-Kam\u00e7atka dil ail\u0259si deyilir. Bu dild\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fanlara \u00e7uk\u00e7alar, koryaklar daxildir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qlottogenezl\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan aliml\u0259r qeyd edirl\u0259r ki, \u0259n q\u0259dim dill\u0259r iltisaqi dill\u0259rdir. N\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259? Alman dilind\u0259 deyirs\u0259n ki, \u201cm\u0259n \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 gedir\u0259m v\u0259 yaxud k\u0259nd\u0259 gedir\u0259m\u201d — Ich gehe in Dorf\u201d, \u201cich\u201d \u2013 m\u0259n, \u201cgehe\u201d \u2013 gedir\u0259m, \u201cin Dorf\u201d \u2013 k\u0259nd\u0259. Biz n\u0259 c\u00fcr deyirik? \u201cM\u0259n k\u0259nd\u0259 gedir\u0259m\u201d. Rus dilind\u0259 is\u0259 deyilir \u2013 \u201c\u042f \u0435\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u201d. Ancaq \u00c7ukotka-Kam\u00e7atka dil ail\u0259si deyir ki \u201c\u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259yir\u0259m\u201d. \u201c\u015e\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259yir\u0259m\u201d o dem\u0259kdir ki, \u201cm\u0259n \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 gedir\u0259m\u201d. Bu fikri amorf dill\u0259rd\u0259 izah etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir d\u00fcz x\u0259tt \u00e7\u0259kilir, o d\u00fcz x\u0259tt iki yer\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr, y\u0259ni yerim\u0259k i\u015far\u0259si bildirir v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qafqazdan xalqlar\u0131 deportasiya etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uydurulmu\u015f sovet n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Danimarka alimi Murrey Helman deyir ki, \u201c\u0259g\u0259r dill\u0259rin tarixin\u0259 fikir vers\u0259k, morfoloji, sintaksis v\u0259 fonetik bax\u0131mdan \u0259n q\u0259dim dill\u0259r t\u00fcrk dill\u0259ridir\u201d. B\u0259s ke\u00e7mi\u015f SSR\u0130-d\u0259 aliml\u0259r hans\u0131 m\u00f6vqed\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edirdil\u0259r? T\u0259bii ki, n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq ke\u00e7mi\u015f SSR\u0130 t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131na o q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 \u201cm\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259ti\u201d il\u0259 se\u00e7ilmirdi v\u0259 daha \u00e7ox t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin daima Monqolustan \u0259razisind\u0259n, M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyadan g\u0259ldiyi t\u0259bli\u011f olunurdu. Bu proses xalqlar\u0131n deportasiyas\u0131 d\u00f6n\u0259mind\u0259 daha \u00e7ox q\u0131z\u0131\u015fd\u0131. SSR\u0130-d\u0259 bir add\u0131m at\u0131lmazdan \u0259vv\u0259l onu \u201celmi bax\u0131mdan\u201d \u0259sasland\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Qara\u00e7aylar\u0131, balkarlar\u0131, Ah\u0131ska t\u00fcrkl\u0259rini deportasiya ed\u0259n zaman bunu bel\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131d\u0131lar — \u201csiz oradan g\u0259lmisiniz, ora da qay\u0131tmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z\u201d. Eyni zamanda, C\u0259nubi Qafqazda \u0259n \u00e7ox \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 xalq olan Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rini g\u0259lm\u0259 elan etm\u0259kl\u0259 sanki onlar\u0131 buradan s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131b \u00e7\u0131xarma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6t\u0259n \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 nostratik dil ail\u0259si deyil\u0259n bir n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u201cNostra\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fc \u201c bizimki\u201d dem\u0259kdir. Q\u0259dim dil ail\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n dan\u0131\u015fd\u0131qda vaxtil\u0259 deyirdil\u0259r ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn xalqlar bir dild\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131b v\u0259 bu dil qrupundan ba\u015fqa dill\u0259r ayr\u0131l\u0131b. Semit-Hamit, Hind-Avropa v\u0259 T\u00fcrk dill\u0259rini d\u0259 buraya daxil edirdil\u0259r. Niy\u0259? \u00c7\u00fcnki lekseml\u0259rin m\u00fcqayis\u0259si zaman\u0131 m\u0259lum olmu\u015fdu ki, t\u00fcrk dili nostratik dill\u0259rd\u0259n biridir, \u0259g\u0259r bel\u0259 olmasayd\u0131, onda o biri dill\u0259r aras\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir \u0259laq\u0259 ola bilm\u0259zdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk kafas\u0131 — dolixokefal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prosesi t\u0259kc\u0259, dil n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda izah etm\u0259k d\u00fczg\u00fcn deyil. Y\u0259ni, tarix elmi dedikd\u0259, biz\u0259 bir \u00fcmumi bir fikir deyirik, tarix. Ax\u0131 tarixin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7i f\u0259nl\u0259ri var, lap zirv\u0259d\u0259 duran v\u0259 faktlar\u0131 dan\u0131lmaz olan sah\u0259l\u0259r var. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, antropologiya. B\u0259s antropologiya elmi n\u0259yi deyir? D\u00fcnya xalqlar\u0131 ba\u015f qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259 3 qism\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar: dolixokefal, mezokefal v\u0259 braxikefal. Bunlar ba\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u0259 \u0259saslanan sistemdir, \u0130sve\u00e7 alimi Retsius t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n k\u0259\u015ff edilib. Retsiusun x\u00fcsusi p\u0259rgar\u0131 var idi. Ba\u015f\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259l eni, sonra uzunu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Ba\u015f\u0131n eninin uzununa nisb\u0259tinin 100-\u0259 vurulmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 al\u0131nan r\u0259q\u0259m ba\u015f indeksi adlan\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r al\u0131nan r\u0259q\u0259m 76-dan azdr\u0131sa, bu c\u00fcr ba\u015f qurulu\u015funa \u201cdolixokefal k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259r\u201d deyilir. 76-80.9-a q\u0259d\u0259rdirs\u0259, bu ba\u015flar \u201cmezokefal\u201d adlan\u0131r. 81-d\u0259n yuxar\u0131 olanlara is\u0259 \u201cbraxikefal\u201d deyirik. B\u0259s Altay xalqlar\u0131 ya\u015fayan regionda bu t\u0259snifat nec\u0259dir? M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, C\u0259nubi Qafqazdan tap\u0131lan ilk \u201chomo sapiens\u201d Firuz d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259sind\u0259n a\u015fkar edil\u0259n, y\u0259ni Qobustandan tap\u0131lan insan k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259ridir. 11 k\u0259ll\u0259 s\u00fcm\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259n ikisini \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olub. M\u0259lum olur ki, ba\u015f qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259, bu adamlar \u201cdolixokefal\u201dd\u0131rlar. Sonrak\u0131 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 Neolit d\u00f6vr\u00fc abid\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n \u00c7iatura yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan tap\u0131lan k\u0259ll\u0259 \u201cbroxikefall\u0131\u011fa\u201d meyllidir. Qalan b\u00fct\u00fcn tap\u0131nt\u0131lar is\u0259 \u201cdolixokefal\u201dd\u0131r. K\u00fcr-Araz m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 tap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259r \u00f6z ba\u015f qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259 \u201cdolixokefal\u201dd\u0131rlar. Q\u0259rib\u0259 buras\u0131d\u0131r ki, haylar\u0131n Qafqazda q\u0259dim xalq oldu\u011funu daima g\u00f6z\u0259 soxma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Valeri Pavlovi\u00e7 Alekseyev \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 etiraf edir ki, \u201cdolixokefal\u201d k\u0259ll\u0259 qurulu\u015funa malik insanlar t\u00fcrkl\u0259rdir. T\u00fcrkl\u0259ri \u00e7ox vaxt n\u0259d\u0259 q\u0131nay\u0131rlar? Deyirl\u0259r, guya t\u00fcrkl\u0259r k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri maldar olublar v\u0259 Altaylardan iki istiqam\u0259td\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259yibl\u0259r. Bir istiqam\u0259t Volqaboyu istiqam\u0259ti olub, ikinci istiqam\u0259t is\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin g\u00fcneyi olub. V\u0259 onlar getdikl\u0259ri b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t qura-qura gedirl\u0259r. V\u0259 sonda biz n\u0259 il\u0259 rastla\u015f\u0131r\u0131q? G\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, Afanasyevo v\u0259 Andronovo m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin qurucular\u0131 il\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqazdak\u0131 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t qurucular\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259ll\u0259 indeksl\u0259ri eynidir. V\u0259 \u201cYamnaya kultura\u201d deyil\u0259n bir \u015fey var, y\u0259ni \u00c7uxur m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti. Bu m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin yay\u0131lma areal\u0131 Sibir\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Sibird\u0259 biz n\u0259 il\u0259 rastla\u015f\u0131r\u0131q? Pazr\u0131q kurqanlar\u0131ndan tap\u0131lan xal\u00e7alardak\u0131 \u015f\u0259kill\u0259rl\u0259. Ruslar \u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259 etiraf edirl\u0259r ki, \u015f\u0259kild\u0259ki adam antropoloji c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n qafqazl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7axava\u015fvili v\u0259 Vitrov: G\u00fcrc\u00fc v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r C\u0259nubi Qafqaza g\u0259lm\u0259dir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0259 \u0259g\u0259r Qafqazdan dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131qsa, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli g\u00fcrc\u00fc d\u00f6vl\u0259t xadimi v\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259ff\u0259kkiri \u0130vane \u00c7axava\u015fvilinin 1916-c\u0131 ild\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015f \u201cG\u00fcrc\u00fc xalq\u0131n\u0131n tarixi\u201d \u0259s\u0259rin\u0259 istinad etm\u0259liyik. Orada \u00c7axava\u015fvilinin g\u00f6z\u0259l bir etiraf\u0131 var. Deyir ki, antropologiya elmi ba\u015f qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259 xalqlar\u0131 3 qola ay\u0131r\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n ikisi \u0259sasd\u0131r: dolixokefal v\u0259 braxikefal. V\u0259 ard\u0131nca \u0259lav\u0259 edir ki, Qafqaz\u0131n q\u0259dim q\u0259birl\u0259rind\u0259n tap\u0131lan k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti \u201cdolixokefal\u201d oldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 biz q\u0259bul etm\u0259liyik ki, erm\u0259nil\u0259r v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r bu b\u00f6lg\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259dir. V\u0259 sonradan \u0259lav\u0259 edir ki, bu fikri h\u0259tta Virxov da t\u0259sdiq edir. B\u0259s Virxov \u00f6z\u00fc kimdir? O, Avstriya-Macar\u0131stan \u0130mperator Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n antropologiya \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisi idi. Virxov ara\u015fd\u0131rmalardan sonra haql\u0131 olaraq, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin C\u0259nubi Qafqaza g\u0259lm\u0259 olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha bir arqument: Buz t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259si \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 dil formala\u015fa bil\u0259rmi?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin d\u00fcnyaya Altay da\u011flar\u0131ndan yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131n\u0131 alt-\u00fcst ed\u0259n daha bir arqument. Adic\u0259 Bak\u0131da -5 d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 \u015faxta olanda ya\u015fananlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259tirin. Amma mezolit d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r Avropan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck bir hiss\u0259si, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Sibir daxil olmaqla b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259razil\u0259r buz t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259sinin alt\u0131nda idi. B\u0259zi yerl\u0259rd\u0259 buz t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259sinin qal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1,5 km-\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131. Bel\u0259 bir yerd\u0259 insan formala\u015fa bil\u0259rdimi? T\u0259bii ki, yox. Nitq\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259, nitq \u00dcst Paleolitd\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131b, 40 min il bundan \u00f6nc\u0259. V\u0259 40 min il bundan \u00f6nc\u0259 yer k\u00fcr\u0259sinin hans\u0131 hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f var idi? O buzun i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259ri formala\u015fa bil\u0259rdimi? T\u0259bii ki, xeyr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haylar\u0131n dil irsi: h\u0259b\u0259\u015f \u0259lifbas\u0131 v\u0259 p\u0259hl\u0259vi dili<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u0259s Altay n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 n\u0259yi \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u0259r? Deyirl\u0259r ki, C\u0259nubi Qafqazda t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r olmay\u0131b. Guya C\u0259nubi Qafqazda g\u00fcrc\u00fc v\u0259 erm\u0259ni dilinin yaz\u0131s\u0131 olub? Kils\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131 hans\u0131sa etnosa aid etm\u0259k d\u00fczg\u00fcn deyil. Y\u0259ni, hay dediyimiz erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u0259lifbas\u0131 \u0259slind\u0259 h\u0259b\u0259\u015f \u0259lifbas\u0131d\u0131r. Elmd\u0259 ona amxara \u0259lifbas\u0131 deyilir. V\u0259 bu g\u00fcn o amxara \u0259lifbas\u0131 din \u0259lifbas\u0131d\u0131r, dil \u0259lifbas\u0131 deyil. \u00c7\u00fcnki o \u0259lifba il\u0259 daha \u00e7ox dini kitablar yaz\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. V\u0259 hay dediyimiz adamlar\u0131n dill\u0259ri d\u0259 2 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259d\u0259n ke\u00e7mi\u015fdir \u2013 qrabar v\u0259 a\u015fxarabar. Qrabar dilinin 60 faizd\u0259n \u00e7oxu, a\u015fxarabar dilinin is\u0259 32 faizi p\u0259hl\u0259vi s\u00f6zl\u0259ridir. Bunu erm\u0259ni aliml\u0259ri \u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259 etiraf edirl\u0259r. M\u0259lum olur ki, p\u0259hl\u0259vi dili il\u0259 qrabar hay dili 62 faiz eynidir. D\u00fcnya aliml\u0259rinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti bunu q\u0259bul edir ki, Hind-Avropa dil ail\u0259si dediyimiz dil ail\u0259si Qafqazdan k\u0259narda formala\u015f\u0131b. Bilirsiniz, q\u0259rib\u0259 m\u0259ntiq yaran\u0131r. Buzlaq olan yerd\u0259 guya t\u00fcrk dili yaran\u0131b, Qafqazda is\u0259 Hind-Avropa dil ail\u0259si t\u0259msil olunmay\u0131b. B\u0259s onda kim, hans\u0131 mill\u0259t dan\u0131\u015f\u0131b burada? \u00c7ox vaxt deyirl\u0259r, buran\u0131n \u0259halisi Qafqaz dil ail\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131b. V\u0259 h\u0259min Qafqaz dil ail\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqat aparan aliml\u0259r deyirl\u0259r ki, Qafqaz dil ail\u0259sind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fan \u0259n \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 xalq\u0131n — g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin dili iltisaqi dil sistemin\u0259 daxildir. \u0130ltisaqi dil sisteminin d\u0259 \u0259n \u00e7ox yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259 Altay xalqlar\u0131d\u0131r. Nec\u0259 olur ki, h\u0259m g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r, h\u0259m d\u0259 Altay xalqlar\u0131 da iltisaqi dil sistemind\u0259 olur? Sizc\u0259, burada kim kimin t\u0259siri alt\u0131nda olub?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fi ovlayanlar, G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin ard\u0131nca ged\u0259nl\u0259r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O d\u00f6vr\u00fcn tarixi co\u011frafiyas\u0131 bax\u0131m\u0131ndan mezolit d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq, y\u0259ni 11-13 min il bundan \u0259vv\u0259l o buzlaq dediyimiz t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259 yava\u015f-yava\u015f \u0259rim\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Buzlaqlar \u0259ridikc\u0259 c\u0259nuba v\u0259 \u015fimala do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u0259-s\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u0259 gedir. O zaman Qafqazda, \u00d6n Asiyada ya\u015fayan tayfalar iki istiqam\u0259td\u0259 \u201cg\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin ard\u0131nca\u201d getm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131rlar. H\u0259tta bununla Peterburqda m\u00fc\u0259llimimiz Rudolf Ferdinandovi\u00e7 \u0130tsin qal\u0131n bir kitab\u0131 var idi \u2013 \u201cOxotniki za soln\u00e7em\u201d, y\u0259ni \u201cG\u00fcn\u0259\u015fi ovlayanlar\u201d. \u201cG\u00fcn\u0259\u015fi ovlayanlar\u201d dey\u0259nd\u0259 t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdular, y\u0259ni g\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin ard\u0131nca, g\u00fcndo\u011fana do\u011fru h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259nl\u0259r. G\u00fcndo\u011fan haradad\u0131r? Altaylarda. V\u0259 bunu biz n\u0259 il\u0259 s\u00fcbut edirik? Dem\u0259li, neolit d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olan antropoloji tipl\u0259r neolitin sonuna yax\u0131n art\u0131q Volqaboyunda v\u0259 Orta Asiyadad\u0131r. Tunc d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131qca dolixokefal k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259ri Sibird\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck. Dem\u0259li, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc Altaylardan bura deyil, buradan Altaylara do\u011fru olub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qafqazda tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259n q\u0259dim k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131 t\u00fcrk ba\u015f\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Biri var elmi ifad\u0259, biri d\u0259 var pafosla deyilmi\u015f romantik ifad\u0259. \u018fg\u0259r biz elmi dild\u0259 des\u0259k, b\u0259li, Az\u0259rbaycan antropogenez zonas\u0131d\u0131r, y\u0259ni insan\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 bir regiondur. Bu regionda tap\u0131nt\u0131lar Az\u0131x ma\u011faras\u0131ndan, Qobustan ma\u011faras\u0131ndan, Damc\u0131l\u0131 ma\u011faras\u0131ndan Da\u015fsalahl\u0131dan tap\u0131l\u0131b. Bu g\u00fcn Erm\u0259nistan Respublikas\u0131 adlanan, o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 ad\u0131na bel\u0259 rast g\u0259lm\u0259diyimiz o \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259, indiki \u0130r\u0259van v\u0259 G\u00f6y\u00e7\u0259 g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259traf\u0131nda k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259r tap\u0131l\u0131b. H\u0259min k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u015f qurulu\u015flar\u0131 eynidir. \u018fg\u0259r biz bura g\u0259lm\u0259 idiks\u0259, niy\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin ba\u015f indeksi il\u0259 11-13 min il bundan \u0259vv\u0259l ya\u015fayan insan\u0131n ba\u015f indeksi eynidir? \u00d6z\u00fcn\u00fc q\u0259dim elan ed\u0259n xalqlar\u0131n ba\u015f g\u00f6st\u0259ricisi is\u0259 \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fcr?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk irqi: Avropoid, yoxsa monqoloid?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altay xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n Hind-Avropa g\u00f6rk\u0259mind\u0259 olmas\u0131n\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn rus aliml\u0259ri t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir.\u00c7\u00fcnki \u00c7in m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 hunlar\u0131 t\u0259svir ed\u0259rk\u0259n onlar\u0131 sar\u0131\u015f\u0131n, g\u00f6yg\u00f6z dey\u0259 t\u0259qdim edirl\u0259r v\u0259 deyirl\u0259r ki, bunlar\u0131n g\u00f6zl\u0259ri bizim g\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259n deyil, boylar\u0131 ucad\u0131r. V\u0259 \u00e7ox vaxt t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, b\u0259z\u0259n elmi \u0259d\u0259biyyatda q\u0259dim Altay xalqlar\u0131n\u0131 monqoloid g\u00f6rk\u0259mind\u0259 t\u0259svir edirl\u0259r. Xeyr, q\u0259dim protot\u00fcrkl\u0259r, y\u0259ni \u0259cdadlar\u0131m\u0131z monqoloid olmay\u0131blar. Monqoloid irqi sonradan, Sibir \u0259razisind\u0259 yaran\u0131b. Y\u0259ni, indiki Vyetnam\u0131n v\u0259 \u00c7inin c\u0259nubundan g\u0259l\u0259n tayfalar Sibird\u0259 yerli xalqlarla, Qafqazdan ged\u0259n protot\u00fcrkl\u0259rl\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar, sonradan onlarda monqoloid \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yunan m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri: Skifl\u0259r hundur<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sovet d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 bir klassik doktrina qoyulmu\u015fdu. Bu doktrinaya g\u00f6r\u0259 T\u00fcrkl\u0259r bu torpaqlara g\u0259lm\u0259dir. \u0130ddia olunurdu ki, o\u011fuzlar bel\u0259 h\u0259tta indiki Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisin\u0259 11-ci \u0259srd\u0259 g\u0259libl\u0259r. Sonradan bu m\u00f6vqed\u0259 bir yum\u015falma prosesi getdi.\u201d \u0130nsafa g\u0259ldil\u0259r\u201d, tarixi IV-VI y\u00fczillikl\u0259r\u0259 endirdil\u0259r. V\u0259 sovet tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu iddian\u0131 ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u0259rk\u0259n guya yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r istinad edirdi. Yax\u015f\u0131, yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 vicdanla yana\u015f\u0131r\u0131qsa, onda niy\u0259 biz Menandr\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Prokopi Kesariyskinin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Prisk Pontiyskinin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fcr\u00fck? Bunlar t\u0259r-t\u0259miz yunan dilind\u0259 yaz\u0131blar ki, \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r skif adland\u0131r\u0131lan xalq indi hun adlan\u0131r. B\u0259s skifl\u0259r n\u0259 zamandan ya\u015fay\u0131r Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259? E.\u0259. VII \u0259srd\u0259n. V\u0259 yen\u0259 h\u0259min rus aliml\u0259ri \u00f6zl\u0259ri etiraf edirl\u0259r ki, Manna m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti y\u00fczd\u0259 y\u00fcz skif m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin eynidir. Skif kompleksi n\u0259dir \u2013 m\u0259rhumun at\u0131, q\u0131l\u0131nc\u0131 v\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 heyvani \u00fcslubda \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f r\u0259sm \u0259s\u0259ri olan qabla d\u0259fn olunmas\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altay da\u011flar\u0131ndan Qafqaz v\u0259 Anadoluya, yoxsa bu yerl\u0259rd\u0259n Altaya?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6t\u0259n \u0259srin 70-ci ill\u0259rind\u0259 kosmosdan n\u0259yi m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 etdil\u0259r? M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyaya ged\u0259n v\u0259 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyadan g\u0259l\u0259n ox formas\u0131nda i\u015far\u0259l\u0259r var. O i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri Aran adland\u0131rd\u0131lar. Aran \u0259slind\u0259 n\u0259dir? Aran indi d\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nir. Aran dediyimiz yer ov m\u0259kan\u0131 dem\u0259kdir, ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259kan\u0131, daha sonra Arran \u015f\u0259h\u0259r formas\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. V\u0259 h\u0259min ox i\u015far\u0259l\u0259ri kosmosdan baxanda n\u0259yi g\u00f6st\u0259rir — M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyadan Qafqaza do\u011fru, Qafqazdan is\u0259 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyaya y\u00f6n\u0259l\u0259n ox uclar\u0131n\u0131. Bu uclar\u0131 yerd\u0259 da\u015flardan s\u00fcm\u00fck \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 d\u00fcz\u0259ldirdil\u0259r. Amma kosmosdan g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259nd\u0259 m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Aran i\u015far\u0259si deyil\u0259n bu i\u015far\u0259l\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 burdan ora do\u011fru gedir, IV y\u00fczillikd\u0259 is\u0259 ordan buraya do\u011fru g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r. Sovet tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131 is\u0259 ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kdiyim o yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri q\u0259sd\u0259n unutdurur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u0259z\u0259r sahilind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn q\u0259dim xalqlar t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131blar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Parsepol yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin q\u0259rb sahill\u0259rind\u0259 hunlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 haqda m\u0259lumat var. Pomponella, B\u00f6y\u00fck Plininin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 yen\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259rin q\u0259rb sahill\u0259rind\u0259 hunlar\u0131n ya\u015famas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat var. Eram\u0131z\u0131n I \u0259srind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f Dionisi Periegetin x\u0259rit\u0259sind\u0259 hunlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259razi olaraq konkret indiki Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259razisi g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. Heredotun \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 saspiril\u0259rin, y\u0259ni sabirl\u0259rin indiki Q\u0259rbi Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 qeyd olunur. \u015eumerl\u0259rin \u00f6zl\u0259rini k\u0259ng\u0259r adland\u0131rmas\u0131 fakt\u0131 v\u0259 haz\u0131rda Az\u0259rbaycanda k\u0259ng\u0259r ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131yan minl\u0259rl\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259sinin oldu\u011fu g\u00f6z\u00fcyumulu unutdurulur. G\u00fcrc\u00fc alimi Abdu\u015feli\u015fvilinin Samtavro q\u0259biristanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar zaman\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259r ba\u015f qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259 \u015fumer d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ridir. Amma \u015fumerl\u0259rin t\u00fcrk olmas\u0131 unudulur. \u0130ndiki \u0130ran\u0131n \u0259n q\u0259dim d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurumu Elam idi. Amma elaml\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6y\u0259 g\u00f6y dem\u0259si, Tanr\u0131ya Tanr\u0131 dem\u0259si unutdurulur v\u0259 y\u00fcz c\u00fcr \u015fey uydurulur elamlar haqq\u0131nda. Ancaq bir \u015feyi etiraf etm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cburdurlar — elaml\u0131lar, kaspil\u0259r, qutil\u0259r, lullubil\u0259r, kassitl\u0259r, kadusil\u0259r, aqqlyutinativ dil sistemind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131blar. Aqqlyutinativ dil sistemind\u0259 is\u0259 dediyimiz kimi, \u0259sas\u0259n t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Koreyal\u0131lar\u0131n bir qismi m\u0259n\u015f\u0259c\u0259 t\u00fcrkd\u00fcr<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Deyirl\u0259r ki, tunqus, mancur, monqol v\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259ri bir k\u00f6kd\u0259n ayr\u0131lmay\u0131b. Bir dilin o biri dill\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259siri n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131b. Bunlar tamamil\u0259 f\u0259rqli \u015feyl\u0259rdir. Y\u0259ni, Q\u0259rbd\u0259 formala\u015fan t\u00fcrk dili \u015e\u0259rq\u0259 do\u011fru ged\u0259r\u0259k o dill\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259sir edib. \u018fd\u0259bi dil monqollarda g\u00f6r n\u0259 vaxt yaran\u0131b? B\u00fct\u00fcn monqollar\u0131n bir-birini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi dil XI \u0259srd\u0259 formala\u015fd\u0131. Hans\u0131 ki, bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 art\u0131q \u201cKitabi D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud\u201d VII y\u00fczillikd\u0259n meydana \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 onlar\u0131n bir k\u00f6kd\u0259n olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Onlar bir k\u00f6kd\u0259n olmu\u015f olsalar idi, ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u0259d\u0259bi dili eyni vaxtda yaranmal\u0131 idi. \u018fksin\u0259, t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rinin o dill\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259siri n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 monqol v\u0259 tunqus-mancur dill\u0259ri formala\u015fd\u0131, eyni zamanda yapon v\u0259 Koreya dill\u0259ri. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, koreyal\u0131lar\u0131n dill\u0259ri koqurye v\u0259 pek\u00e7e qollar\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Pek\u00e7el\u0259rin t\u00fcrk olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rda Koreya aliml\u0259ri t\u0259sdiq edirl\u0259r. Pek\u00e7el\u0259r s\u00fcvaril\u0259r idil\u0259r, \u00f6l\u00fcl\u0259rinin m\u0259zar\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 kurqan qururdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurqan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti — ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131 t\u00fcrk, qullar qeyri-t\u00fcrk<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurqan m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti demi\u015fk\u0259n. Bu tip q\u0259birl\u0259rd\u0259 biz hans\u0131 q\u0259rib\u0259likl\u0259 rastla\u015f\u0131r\u0131q? Bunu Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 daha \u00e7ox Resler ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131b. X\u0259z\u0259r h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 indiki Erm\u0259nistan dediyimiz \u0259razinin \u015fimal b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 Qaraba\u011fda. N\u0259 il\u0259 rastla\u015f\u0131r\u0131q? Dem\u0259li, kurqan adl\u0131-sanl\u0131 adam \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qurulard\u0131. Sinifli c\u0259miyy\u0259t t\u0259z\u0259 yaranma\u011fa ba\u015flasa da, ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131 ya s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259 olurdu, ya da ba\u015fqa h\u00f6kmdar statusunda olan adam. Antropoloqlar n\u0259yi m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edirl\u0259r? Hans\u0131 insan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kurqan d\u00fcz\u0259ldilirs\u0259, onun ba\u015f qurulu\u015fu \u201cdolixokefal\u201d, \u0259traf\u0131nda basd\u0131r\u0131lan qul-qaraba\u015flar\u0131 is\u0259 \u201cbraxikefal\u201dd\u0131r. V\u0259 burada ist\u0259r-ist\u0259m\u0259z Assuriya m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 niy\u0259 hay s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn q\u0131\u015fq\u0131ran qullar m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 etdiyi m\u0259lum olur. Y\u0259ni, indiki haylar\u0131n \u0259sill\u0259ri C\u0259nubi Qafqaza qul kimi g\u0259tirilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genetikan\u0131n \u015fah \u0259s\u0259ri — qaplaqrammalar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haz\u0131rda, antropologiyada t\u0259kc\u0259, ba\u015f qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259 deyil, eyni zamanda qaploqrammalara g\u00f6r\u0259 t\u0259dqiqatlar apar\u0131l\u0131r. B\u0259s t\u0259dqiqatlar n\u0259yi g\u00f6st\u0259rir? S\u0131rf avropoid \u2013 E xromosomu olan E1-\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131nda rast g\u0259linir. Yakutlardan tutmu\u015f, Dobruca t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r, Kipr t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ham\u0131s\u0131nda E1 xromosomu var. Monqoloidl\u0259r\u0259 aid edil\u0259n N, O v\u0259 G qaploqlammalar\u0131na \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131nda rast g\u0259linmir. Bu qaploqrammaya yaln\u0131z tuval\u0131larda, bir az da yakutlarda rast g\u0259lm\u0259k olar. Onlar da t\u0259bii ki, \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu monqollarla t\u0259masda olmu\u015f bir xalqlard\u0131r. Lakin n\u0259 Qafqaz t\u00fcrkl\u0259rind\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259 Anadolu t\u00fcrkl\u0259rind\u0259, n\u0259 Kiprd\u0259ki t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259, t\u00fcrkm\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259, H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rind\u0259, Qazan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rind\u0259 bu qaploqrammaya rast g\u0259linmir. Qaploqramma is\u0259 genetikan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131d\u0131r. V\u0259 m\u0259n g\u00fcman edir\u0259m ki, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 bu t\u0259dqiqatlar davam etdiril\u0259c\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ruslar\u0131n qan\u0131nda t\u00fcrk genl\u0259ri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, b\u0259zi rus aliml\u0259ri sevin\u0259-sevin\u0259 b\u0259yan etdil\u0259r ki, E1 qaploqrammas\u0131 ruslarda da tap\u0131l\u0131b. M\u0259n bunu ba\u015fqa c\u00fcr izah ed\u0259rdim. H\u0259m d\u0259 rus m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 istinad\u0259n. H\u0259min rus m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 deyilir ki, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r v\u0259 avarlar, daha do\u011frusu, Avar t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri Karpat \u0259traf\u0131na tam yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259nd\u0259n sonra q\u0131\u015fda mal-qaran\u0131 u\u015fa\u011fa tap\u015f\u0131rar, \u00f6zl\u0259ri Karpat da\u011flar\u0131na qalxard\u0131lar. V\u0259 Karpat da\u011flar\u0131ndak\u0131 slavyanlar\u0131n qad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan \u00f6z arvadlar\u0131 kimi istifad\u0259 ed\u0259rdil\u0259r. Bu qaploqrammalar onun n\u0259tic\u0259sidir. VII y\u00fczillikd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f orta \u0259sr tarix\u00e7isi Fredeqard t\u0259svir edir ki, hunlar b\u00fct\u00fcn q\u0131\u015f boyu slavyanlar\u0131n qad\u0131nlar\u0131ndan \u00f6z arvadlar\u0131 kimi istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r, u\u015faqlar\u0131 buyurub \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rar, yazda is\u0259 yenid\u0259n \u00f6z m\u0259sk\u0259nl\u0259rin\u0259 qay\u0131dard\u0131lar. Bax, bu qaploqrammalar o m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin n\u0259tic\u0259sidir. Onu da dey\u0259k ki, Fransa imperatoru Napoleonun bir m\u0259\u015fhur s\u00f6z\u00fc var, bu s\u00f6z\u00fc Rusiya prezidenti Putin d\u0259 t\u0259krarlad\u0131 ki, \u201cposkrebi russkoqo naskrebyo\u015f tatarina\u201d, y\u0259ni rusu \u00e7ox qa\u015f\u0131san, alt\u0131ndan tatar \u00e7\u0131xar. Napoleonun m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259ti il\u0259 ba\u011f\u0131 bir fakt\u0131 unudurlar. O zaman Rusiya t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 ba\u015fq\u0131rdlar\u0131n 18 alay\u0131 i\u015ftirak edirdi. Fransan\u0131n o vaxtk\u0131 xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri Taleyran \u00f6z g\u00fcnd\u0259liyind\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131 ki, min il ke\u00e7dikd\u0259n sonra bu d\u0259f\u0259 hunlar deyil, hunlar\u0131n t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri Paris k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n z\u0259f\u0259r mar\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 ke\u00e7dil\u0259r. O, ba\u015fq\u0131rdlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Norve\u00e7 xalq\u0131 — X\u0259z\u0259r sahilind\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015f protot\u00fcrkl\u0259r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131 daha \u00e7ox Avrasiya regionuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Qur\u015faq formas\u0131nda g\u00f6t\u00fcrs\u0259k, bu b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fclayim qur\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 edir. Rus dilind\u0259 soyu\u011fun, \u015faxtan\u0131n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 sinonimi var. Biz is\u0259 yaln\u0131z soyuq deyirik. Bu n\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r? \u00c7\u00fcnki bizd\u0259 \u015fidd\u0259tli \u015faxtalar olmay\u0131b. Tur Heyerdal deyir ki, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Atlant-balt irqi tipinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin q\u0259rb sahill\u0259rind\u0259n \u015fimala do\u011fru h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t edibl\u0259r. Y\u0259ni, Heyerdal norve\u00e7lil\u0259rin k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc X\u0259z\u0259rin q\u0259rb sahill\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ari irqin yegan\u0259 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si — t\u00fcrkl\u0259r<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Altay n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sinin \u0259sass\u0131z, uydurma oldu\u011funu isbatlayan daha bir n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259 var — ari\u00e7ilik n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si. Y\u0259ni, ari dey\u0259nd\u0259 s\u0259hv\u0259n hindlil\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur. K\u00f6k\u00fcnd\u0259n yanl\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Aril\u0259r ba\u015f indeksin\u0259, ba\u015f qurulu\u015funa g\u00f6r\u0259 dolixokefal olublar. Ari s\u00f6z\u00fc he\u00e7 bir Hind-Avropa dill\u0259rind\u0259 he\u00e7 bir m\u0259na ifad\u0259 etmir. Yaln\u0131z t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259 ari, \u201car\u0131\u201d, \u201ct\u0259miz\u201d dem\u0259kdir. Atalar s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc xat\u0131rlayaq — aydan ar\u0131, sudan duru. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259nb\u0259: Femida.az<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin mill\u0259t kimi Altay da\u011flar\u0131nda formala\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n C\u0259nubi Qafqaz v\u0259 Anadoluya Altaylardan k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcb g\u0259ldiyini iddia ed\u0259n bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin d\u00fczg\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":52396,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=52395"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":52397,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52395\/revisions\/52397"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/52396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=52395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=52395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=52395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}