{"id":55147,"date":"2021-11-29T02:05:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-28T22:05:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55147"},"modified":"2021-11-29T20:47:03","modified_gmt":"2021-11-29T16:47:03","slug":"55147","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55147","title":{"rendered":"Q\u018fD\u0130M T\u00dcRK \u0130\u00c7K\u0130S\u0130 \u2013 BUZA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>M\u0259rake\u015fli s\u0259yyah Muh\u0259mm\u0259d ibn Battuta (1304\u20131377) \u00f6z \u201cS\u0259yah\u0259tnam\u0259\u201dsind\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 vermi\u015fdir:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBu yerl\u0259r D\u0259\u015fti-Q\u0131p\u00e7aq ad\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131nan \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcn bir hiss\u0259sidir. \u00c7\u00f6l ya\u015f\u0131l otlu, g\u00fcll\u00fc-\u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kli olsa da, orada a\u011fa\u00e7, da\u011f, t\u0259p\u0259, y\u00fcks\u0259klik yoxdur. Odun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, burada ancaq quru t\u0259z\u0259k yand\u0131r\u0131rlar. Bu \u00e7\u00f6l q\u0131p\u00e7aq adl\u0131 xalqa m\u0259xsusdur. Q\u0131p\u00e7aqlar xristian dinin\u0259 etiqad edirl\u0259r. Onlar m\u00f6hk\u0259m b\u0259d\u0259nli, g\u00fccl\u00fc, sa\u011flam v\u0259 c\u00fcss\u0259li insanlard\u0131r. O\u011furlu\u011fa g\u00f6r\u0259 s\u0259rt \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Q\u0131p\u00e7aqlar \u015firniyyat yem\u0259yi g\u00fcnah hesab edirl\u0259r. \u018fsas qidalar\u0131 \u0259t, duki adland\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 d\u0259nli bitki v\u0259 q\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r. M\u00fcs\u0259lman q\u0131p\u00e7aqlar h\u0259n\u0259fi m\u0259zh\u0259bind\u0259 olduqlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, m\u0259stedici i\u00e7kil\u0259ri caiz hesab edirl\u0259r. Duki d\u0259nl\u0259rind\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f bu i\u00e7kiy\u0259 onlar buza da deyirl\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/262044044_1085069158976137_8770581238716792107_n.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-55148\" width=\"924\" height=\"740\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Qeyd:<\/span><\/strong> <strong><em>H\u0259n\u0259fi m\u0259zh\u0259binin b\u0259zi ke\u00e7mi\u015f aliml\u0259ri \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck f\u0259qihl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olmu\u015f \u0130mam \u018fz\u0259m \u018fbu H\u0259nif\u0259y\u0259 (699\u2013767) istinadla yaln\u0131z xurma v\u0259 \u00fcz\u00fcmd\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f m\u0259stedici i\u00e7ikil\u0259ri haram hesab etmi\u015fl\u0259r. Bu aliml\u0259rin n\u0259z\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, \u0130mam \u018fbu H\u0259nif\u0259 h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 onun sevimli t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri \u0130mam \u018fbu Yusifl\u0259 (735\u2013795) \u0130mam Muh\u0259mm\u0259d \u015eeybani (749\u2013805) \u00fcmumi ad\u0131 n\u0259biz olan m\u0259stedici i\u00e7kil\u0259ri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rl\u0259 halal v\u0259 t\u0259miz bilmi\u015fl\u0259r:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00dcz\u00fcmd\u0259n v\u0259 ya xurmadan olmamal\u0131d\u0131r (n\u0259biz \u0259sas\u0259n bu\u011fda, arpa v\u0259 ya baldan haz\u0131rlan\u0131rd\u0131);<\/li><li>X\u0259mr (qaynad\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, k\u00f6p\u00fckl\u0259n\u0259n, qazlanan v\u0259 fermentl\u0259\u015f\u0259n, y\u0259ni t\u0259rkibind\u0259ki \u015f\u0259k\u0259rin spirt\u0259 \u00e7evrildiyi \u00fcz\u00fcm, yaxud xurma suyu) say\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r;<\/li><li>S\u0259rxo\u015f olmaq niyy\u0259til\u0259 i\u00e7ilm\u0259m\u0259lidir;<\/li><li>S\u0259rxo\u015f ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k miqdarda i\u00e7ilm\u0259m\u0259lidir (H\u0259n\u0259fi m\u0259zh\u0259bin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, m\u0259stedici i\u00e7ki q\u0259bul etmi\u015f \u015f\u0259xsin s\u0259rxo\u015fluq d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r bunlard\u0131r: yeri g\u00f6yd\u0259n, ki\u015fini qad\u0131ndan f\u0259rql\u0259ndir\u0259 bilm\u0259m\u0259si v\u0259 nitqind\u0259 q\u00fcsurlar\u0131n yaranmas\u0131);<\/li><li>\u018fyl\u0259nc\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 i\u00e7ilm\u0259m\u0259lidir;<\/li><li>Bel\u0259 i\u00e7kil\u0259ri m\u00fcs\u0259lman el\u0259 i\u00e7m\u0259lidir ki, bu zaman g\u00fcnahkara (s\u0259rxo\u015fa) b\u0259nz\u0259m\u0259sin.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Da\u011f\u0131stan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck aliml\u0259rind\u0259n \u018fbu B\u0259kr Aymaki (1711\u20131791) yaz\u0131rd\u0131 ki, \u0130mam \u018fz\u0259m \u018fbu H\u0259nif\u0259 m\u0259stedici i\u00e7kil\u0259rin tam qada\u011fa edildiyi h\u0259disl\u0259rl\u0259 tan\u0131\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bel\u0259 bir f\u0259tva vermi\u015fdir. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n is\u0259, Osmanl\u0131 s\u0259yyah\u0131 \u00d6vliya \u00c7\u0259l\u0259bi \u00f6z \u201cS\u0259yah\u0259tnam\u0259\u201dsind\u0259 qeyd etmi\u015fdir ki, \u201cDa\u011f\u0131stan\u0131n Koysu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 din xadiml\u0259ri mak\u015f\u0259m\u0259 adl\u0131 qat\u0131 v\u0259 dadl\u0131 buza i\u00e7irl\u0259r\u201d. H\u0259m\u00e7inin Da\u011f\u0131stan tarixi v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin g\u00f6z\u0259l bilicisi, b\u00f6y\u00fck alim, Stalin repressiyalar\u0131n\u0131n qurbanlar\u0131ndan biri \u018fli Kayayev Qumukinin (1878\u20131943) m\u0259lumat\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201cDa\u011f\u0131stan\u0131n m\u0259\u015fhur f\u0259qihl\u0259rind\u0259n olmu\u015f H\u0259s\u0259n K\u0259bir Kudali (1715\u20131795) b\u0259z\u0259n az miqdarda buza i\u00e7irdi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/262025811_1322282228204639_2915511119524637428_n.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-55149\" width=\"919\" height=\"1221\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcs\u0259lman f\u0259qihl\u0259rinin buzaya m\u00fcnasib\u0259tini \u0259ks etdir\u0259n maraql\u0131 r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n birini oxucunun n\u0259z\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131raq: \u201cXVIII \u0259srin m\u0259\u015fhur Da\u011f\u0131stan alimi, q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flarla sonad\u0259k m\u00fcharib\u0259nin qat\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131ndan, t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan v\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olmu\u015f \u0130brahim Hac\u0131 Gidasa Uradi (1683\u20131770) n\u00f6vb\u0259ti h\u0259cc ziyar\u0259tind\u0259n bir \u0259r\u0259b ilahiyyat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 il\u0259 qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Soyuq q\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259n birind\u0259 buzlu suda irtimasi q\u00fcsl etmi\u015f (buzlu suya ba\u015f vurmu\u015f) \u0259r\u0259b m\u00f6hk\u0259m donaraq \u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Ev\u0259 qay\u0131td\u0131qdan sonra \u0130brahim Hac\u0131 qona\u011f\u0131na \u201cbakva-\u00e7aqa\u201d adl\u0131 buza vermi\u015fdi. \u018fr\u0259b buzan\u0131 i\u00e7ib q\u0131z\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yax\u015f\u0131 hiss etmi\u015f v\u0259 demi\u015fdi: Orada haram olan burada halald\u0131r\u201d. Ehtimal ed\u0259 bil\u0259rik ki, milliyy\u0259tc\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b olan bu alim Nadir \u015fah \u018ff\u015fara qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni koordinasiya etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n Da\u011f\u0131stana g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi emissarlardan biri idi. Bel\u0259 ki, \u0130brahim Hac\u0131 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri 1731, 1743, 1761 v\u0259 1769-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 ziyar\u0259t etmi\u015fdir. Xat\u0131rladaq ki, Da\u011f\u0131standa S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 qiyam 1721-ci ild\u0259 ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f, h\u0259rbi \u0259m\u0259liyyatlar 1747-ci il\u0259d\u0259k s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. 1741\u20131743-c\u00fc ill\u0259r bu m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259nin \u0259n \u015fidd\u0259tli m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si olmu\u015fdur\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>Ha\u015fiy\u0259:<\/strong> <\/span><strong>Buza bu\u011fda, arpa v\u0259 dar\u0131dan, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259, qaraba\u015faq v\u0259 v\u0259l\u0259mir unundan haz\u0131rlanan i\u00e7kidir. T\u0259rkibind\u0259 4\u20136 faiz spirt olur. Kr\u0131m, Qafqaz, Volqaboyu v\u0259 Orta Asiyada, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Balkan yar\u0131madas\u0131nda \u00e7ox populyard\u0131r. 2009-cu ild\u0259n AB\u015e-da da istehsal olunur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong> <\/strong>Ehtimala g\u00f6r\u0259, bu i\u00e7kinin ad\u0131 tatar dilind\u0259ki \u201cbuza\u201d (s\u0259s-k\u00fcyl\u00fc m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259, dava-dala\u015f) s\u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259lidir. Rus dilind\u0259ki \u201cpiv\u0259\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn guya q\u0259dim slavyan dilind\u0259ki \u201cpiti\u201d (i\u00e7m\u0259k) s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n, ingilis v\u0259 alman dill\u0259rind\u0259ki \u201cbeer\u201d v\u0259 \u201cbier\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259rinin is\u0259 vulqar lat\u0131n dilind\u0259ki \u201cbiber\u201d (i\u00e7ki) s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259ndiyi iddia edilir. Lakin maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, ba\u015fqa f\u0259rziyy\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, \u201cbeer\u201d v\u0259 \u201cbier\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259ri q\u0259dim german dilind\u0259ki \u201cbeuza\u201d (arpa) s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015flar. \u201cBuza\u201d (t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 arpa v\u0259 dig\u0259r d\u0259nli bitkil\u0259rd\u0259n haz\u0131rlanan i\u00e7ki) v\u0259 \u201cbeuza\u201d (q\u0259dim german dilind\u0259 arpa) s\u00f6zl\u0259rinin bir-birin\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259m\u0259si, z\u0259nnimizc\u0259, onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259ki \u201cbuza\u201d, ingilis v\u0259 alman dill\u0259rind\u0259ki \u201cbeer\u201d v\u0259 \u201cbier\u201d, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 rus dilind\u0259ki \u201cpiv\u0259\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259rinin m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi, \u0259slind\u0259, eynidir. Q\u0259rbi german dill\u0259rind\u0259n biri olan \u015fimali friz dilind\u0259ki \u201cbere\u201d (arpa) v\u0259 ingilis dilind\u0259ki \u201cbarley\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259ki \u201carpa\u201d\u2013\u201carba\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc aras\u0131nda da, ola bilsin ki, ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131q vard\u0131r. Bel\u0259 ki, \u201carpa\u201d\u2013\u201carba\u201d (q\u0259dim hun dilin\u0259 \u0259n yax\u0131n dil say\u0131lan \u00e7uva\u015f dilind\u0259 is\u0259 \u201curpa\u201d) s\u00f6z\u00fc q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259n q\u0259dim german dilin\u0259 ke\u00e7dikd\u0259n sonra m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 transformasiyaya u\u011frayaraq \u201cabra\u201d\u2013\u201cbara\u201d\u2013\u201cbera\u201d\u2013\u201cbere\u201d formalar\u0131n\u0131 ala bil\u0259rdi. O da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr ki, q\u0259dim german dilinin m\u0259nims\u0259diyi \u201cbera\u201d\u2013\u201cbere\u201d (arpa) s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259nmi\u015f \u201cbeuza\u201d (arpa) s\u00f6z\u00fc Xaqan Atillan\u0131n Q\u0259rb y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri zaman\u0131 \u201cbuza\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rin\u0259 qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r (Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Plutarx q\u0259dim saklarda qad\u0131nlar\u0131n arpan\u0131 qaynadaraq i\u00e7ki haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00f6z tarix \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 geni\u015f b\u0259hs edib. Herodot is\u0259 midiyal\u0131 saklar\u0131n 3 qolundan birini &#171;houmavarqa&#187; y\u0259ni houma i\u00e7kisi bi\u015fir\u0259nl\u0259r adland\u0131r\u0131b &#8212; red.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/14322500_1171165932945136_7168685386725471054_n.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-55150\" width=\"922\" height=\"922\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ki\u00e7ik ha\u015fiy\u0259 il\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259timizin sonuna \u00e7atd\u0131q&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">P.S.<\/span> M\u00fcasir H\u0259n\u0259fi aliml\u0259rinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti hesab edir ki, t\u0259rkibind\u0259 spirt olan ist\u0259nil\u0259n i\u00e7ki haram v\u0259 murdard\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u00fc\u0259llif: Milli Kimlik Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 Qrupunun \u00fczv\u00fc <span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Araz \u015e\u0259hrili<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0130stifad\u0259 olunmu\u015f \u0259d\u0259biyyat:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-\u042d\u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0427\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0438. \u00ab\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u00bb. \u0441. 118. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430\u20131979.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-https:\/\/cyberleninka.ru\/article\/n\/zapret-na-upotreblenie-alkogolya-v-islame-religioznye-imperativy-i-praktika-na-primere-dagestana-xvii-pervoy-poloviny-xix-v\/viewer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>-https:\/\/telegra.ph\/Alkogol-v-produktah-pitaniya-11-28<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20140702021755\/http:\/\/www.vostlit.info\/Texts\/rus5\/Battuta_2\/text1.phtml?id=12573 -https:\/\/islam-tr.org\/konu\/hanefi-mezhebine-gore-sarap-uzum-disinda-alkollu-icecekler-mubah-balik-disindaki-deniz-canlilarinin-yenmesi-haram-mi.29895\/?fbclid=IwAR1jjnc13BRHNnSBKVUDZXW0IZQAIzipPwv1SuhxM6U5Dyo9TVf3SdC6Mh0<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u0259rake\u015fli s\u0259yyah Muh\u0259mm\u0259d ibn Battuta (1304\u20131377) \u00f6z \u201cS\u0259yah\u0259tnam\u0259\u201dsind\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 maraql\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 vermi\u015fdir: \u201cBu yerl\u0259r D\u0259\u015fti-Q\u0131p\u00e7aq ad\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131nan \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcn bir hiss\u0259sidir. \u00c7\u00f6l<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":55151,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55147","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kos"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=55147"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55147\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55177,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55147\/revisions\/55177"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/55151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=55147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=55147"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=55147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}