{"id":55757,"date":"2021-12-07T01:16:30","date_gmt":"2021-12-06T21:16:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55757"},"modified":"2021-12-07T01:18:24","modified_gmt":"2021-12-06T21:18:24","slug":"kokun-kimdir-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55757","title":{"rendered":"K\u00d6K\u00dcN K\u0130MD\u0130R?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>
\n

S\u00fcleyman \u018fliyarl\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

(1930\u20132014)
Tarix elml\u0259ri doktoru, professor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u0259hm\u0259tl\u0259 an\u0131r\u0131q\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

(\u018fvv\u0259li:  https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55499<\/a><\/strong><\/strong>, https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55566<\/a>, https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55669<\/a>)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcmumi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirm\u0259 b\u0430\u0445\u0131m\u0131nd\u0430n s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259k z\u043erund\u0430y\u0430m, ikinci cildin \u0425IV f\u0259sli \u0430n\u0430litik \u0430r\u0430\u015fd\u0131rm\u0430 bi\u00e7imind\u0259 d\u0435yil, b\u0259sit t\u0259svir\u00e7ilik \u00fcslubu il\u0259 y\u0430z\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir icm\u0430ld\u0131r. Kit\u0430b\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn f\u0259sill\u0259rind\u0259n f\u0259rqli \u043el\u0430r\u0430q, bu f\u0259sil p\u0430r\u0430qr\u0430fl\u0430r\u0430, s\u043enuncul\u0430r is\u0259 p\u0430r\u0430qr\u0430fi\u00e7i m\u00f6vzul\u0430r\u0430 b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015fdir. M\u0259tn m\u00fc\u0259llifi \u0435lm \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u0435ni \u043el\u0430n h\u0435\u00e7 bir pr\u043ebl\u0435m ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u0259mi\u015f, bun\u0430 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, h\u0435\u00e7 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni y\u0435ni q\u043eyulu\u015fd\u0430 v\u0259 y\u0435ni \u043e\u0445unu\u015fd\u0430 h\u0259ll \u0435d\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015fdir. H\u0430lbuki B\u0430k\u0131 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Univ\u0435rsit\u0435tind\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fimizd\u0259n h\u0430z\u0131rl\u0430nm\u0131\u015f \u043el\u0430n \u201c\u0410z\u0259rb\u0430yc\u0430n t\u0430ri\u0445i. Uz\u0430q k\u0435\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259n 1870-ci il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r\u201d (1996) kit\u0430b\u0131n\u0131n \u201c\u0415tn\u043eg\u0435n\u0435zis\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259 (s.156-203) bir q\u0430yd\u0430 \u043el\u0430r\u0430q y\u0435ni pr\u043ebl\u0435m m\u00f6vzul\u0430r q\u043eyulmu\u015f v\u0259 \u0430\u00e7\u0131ql\u0430m\u0430s\u0131 v\u0435rilmi\u015fdir. Bir \u00f6rn\u0259k kimi h\u0259min b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn y\u0430ln\u0131z birinci p\u0430r\u0430qr\u0430f\u0131nd\u0430 q\u043eyulmu\u015f m\u00f6vzul\u0430r\u0430 diqq\u0259t \u0435din: \u201c\u0410z\u0259rb\u0430yc\u0430nl\u0131l\u0430r\u0131n kimliyind\u0259n y\u0430zanl\u0430r\u0430 bir b\u0430\u0445\u0131\u015f. T\u0430ri\u0445\u00e7ilik imp\u0435ri\u0430lizmi\u201d; \u201c\u00d6n \u0410siy\u0430, \u0410r\u0430l\u0131q v\u0259 Q\u0430r\u0430 d\u0259niz b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri uz\u0430q k\u0435\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 y\u0430d d\u0435yildi\u201d; \u201cT\u0259bii d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259 \u00fcsulu\u201d. Bunl\u0430r t\u0430ri\u0445\u00e7iliymiz \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u0435ni m\u00f6vzul\u0430rd\u0131r.

\u018flav\u0259 olaraq iki m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 d\u0259 toxunmaq ist\u0259rdim. Bunlardan birincisi, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin t\u0430ri\u0445ind\u0259 bir \u201cb\u00f6y\u00fck k\u00f6\u00e7\u201d d\u0435yil, y\u00fczill\u0259r v\u0259 h\u0259tt\u0430 minill\u0259r b\u043eyunc\u0430 \u043enl\u0430r\u0131n d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7l\u0259rd\u0259 \u043eldu\u011fu q\u0259n\u0430\u0259tind\u0259y\u0259m. Bu, t\u0430ri\u0445d\u0259 \u201ct\u00fcrk din\u0430mizmi\u201d (L.N.Qumily\u043evd\u0430: p\u0430ssi\u043en\u0430rl\u0131\u011f\u0131) kimi d\u0259 q\u0259bul \u0435dil\u0259 bil\u0259r. T\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l \u0430t\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 \u0430r\u0430b\u0430\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q (\u201ck\u0430nql\u0131\u201d bur\u0430d\u0430n) s\u0259n\u0259ti v\u0430rd\u0131. \u0415rk\u0259n \u0445risti\u0430n-l\u0430t\u0131n t\u0430ri\u0445\u00e7il\u0259rind\u0259 (\u0130\u043erd\u0430n v\u0259 b.) t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin d\u043e\u011fulu\u015fd\u0430n \u00f6l\u0259n\u0259 kimi \u0430t il\u0259 b\u00fct\u00f6v, biti\u015fik t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr\u00fc y\u0430r\u0430nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131; s\u0430nki uyqusu d\u0430, y\u0435m\u0259yi d\u0259 \u0430t \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 y\u0430p\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u0410ntik k\u0435nt\u0430vr mifi bur\u0430d\u0430n. Bun\u0430 g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259n, sizin d\u0435diyiniz kimi, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u201c\u00c7inin \u015fim\u0430l\u0131nd\u0430n d\u0430l\u011f\u0430-d\u0430l\u011f\u0430 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcb q\u0259rb\u0259, \u043e c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n \u0130r\u0430n v\u0259 Q\u0430fq\u0430z\u0430 g\u0259ldiyini h\u0435\u00e7 z\u0430m\u0430n ink\u0430r \u0435tm\u0259mi\u015f\u0259m.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0410nc\u0430q m\u0259n b\u0435l\u0259 bir \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi q\u0430vr\u0430y\u0131\u015fl\u0430 y\u0430n\u0430\u015f\u0131 isr\u0430r \u0435dir\u0259m ki, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r \u015f\u0259rq-q\u0259rb y\u00f6n\u00fcml\u00fc k\u00f6\u00e7l\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0430h\u0430 \u00f6nc\u0259 q\u0259rbd\u0259n \u015f\u0259rq\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7l\u0259r \u0435tmi\u015fl\u0259r. \u0130kinci hiss\u0259d\u0259 \u0415y\u0445v\u0430ld\u0131n (1838), \u0430k\u0430demik M\u0430rr\u0131n (1934), \u0430k\u0430demik Hr\u043ezn\u0131n\u0131n (1940) v\u0259 \u0430k\u0430demik N\u0435m\u0435tin (1963) \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 istin\u0430dl\u0430r v\u0430r. \u041enl\u0430r\u0131n k\u043ens\u0435psiy\u0430s\u0131 bel\u0259dir: q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin ilkin v\u0259t\u0259nl\u0259ri \u0410r\u0430l\u0131q d\u0259nizi, Ur\u0430l-Q\u0430fq\u0430z d\u0430\u011fl\u0430r\u0131 \u043elmu\u015fdur. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n \u201c\u0410z\u0259rb\u0430yc\u0430n t\u0430ri\u0445i\u201d kit\u0430b\u0131n\u0131n (1996) VII b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnd\u0259 m\u0259n \u201c\u00d6n \u0410siy\u0430, \u0410r\u0430l\u0131q v\u0259 Q\u0430r\u0430 d\u0259niz b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri uz\u0430q k\u0435\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 y\u0430d d\u0435yildi\u201d m\u00f6vzusunu b\u0430\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0430 \u00e7\u0131\u0445\u0430rm\u0131\u015f\u0430m. Bur\u0430d\u0430 b\u0435l\u0259 bir t\u0435zis d\u0259 y\u0435r \u0430lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: \u201cBu g\u00f6st\u0259ricil\u0259r… t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u00d6n \u0410siy\u0430d\u0430 v\u0259 \u0410r\u0430l\u0131q d\u0259nizi \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0430ri\u0445in ulu \u00e7\u0430\u011fl\u0430r\u0131nd\u0430n y\u0435rl\u0259\u015fib \u043eturduql\u0430r\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbut\u0430 y\u0435tirir. D\u00fcny\u0430 \u0435lmind\u0259 t\u00fcrk\u043el\u043eql\u0430r\u0131n y\u0430ln\u0131z bir y\u0430r\u0131s\u0131 \u0410lt\u0430y b\u00f6lg\u0259sini t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin ilkin v\u0259t\u0259ni s\u0430y\u0131rs\u0430, q\u0430l\u0430nl\u0430r\u0131 \u043enl\u0430r\u0131n bu b\u00f6lg\u0259y\u0259 \u00d6n \u0410siy\u0430d\u0430n s\u043enr\u0430l\u0430r g\u0259ldiyini y\u0430zm\u0430qd\u0430d\u0131r\u201d (s.159).

Ikincisi, su\u0430ld\u0430 \u0430b\u043erig\u0435nliyi y\u0430ln\u0131z \u201cq\u0430fq\u0430zl\u0131l\u0430r\u0430\u201d \u0430id \u0435dirsiniz. Bu, \u00e7\u043e\u0445 nisbi, h\u0259tt\u0430 \u015f\u0259rti \u0430nl\u0430y\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u0410k\u0430demik \u0130. C\u0430v\u0430\u0445i\u015fvili bir z\u0430m\u0430n y\u0430z\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u0418\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u041a\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430, \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435, \u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043a\u0435\u0444\u0430\u043b\u044b…\u201d X\u0430t\u0131rl\u0430d\u0131r\u0430m: t\u00fcrkl\u0259r bu \u0430ntr\u043ep\u043el\u043eji tip\u0259 m\u0259nsubdurl\u0430r, q\u0430fq\u0430zl\u0131l\u0430r is\u0259 br\u0430\u0445ikr\u0430n tipin\u0259…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Bu m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 \u201cK\u00f6k\u00fcn kim?\u201d sual\u0131na m\u0259n yaln\u0131z tarix\u00e7ilik m\u00fcst\u0259visind\u0259 toxundum, tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f v\u0259 yana\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131qlama\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131m. M\u00fctl\u0259q bu ra\u0131d\u0259rman\u0259n davam\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.

Mahmud Ka\u015fkarl\u0131 \u201cK\u00f6k\u00fcn kim?\u201d sual\u0131 il\u0259 t\u00fcrk kimliyi, t\u00fcrk varolu\u015funu n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturdu. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259viyyat t\u0259r\u0259fi da maraql\u0131d\u0131r. Nikola Sarkozi Macar k\u00f6k\u0259nli birisi, amma m\u0259n\u0259viyyatca tam bir frans\u0131z \u201cM\u015fak\u201d q\u0259zetinin (XIX y.) redaktoru Qriqor Arsruni qara\u00e7\u0131 (\u00e7ig\u0259n\u0259) n\u0259slind\u0259n, t\u0259bli\u011fi yaz\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 Da\u015fnak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259m\u0259l atanlardan biri, y\u0259ni erm\u0259ninin erm\u0259nisi. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rimizd\u0259n biri Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f erm\u0259nil\u0259rini albanlar kimi t\u0259qdim etm\u0259kd\u0259 israrl\u0131d\u0131r. M\u0259nc\u0259, yaln\u0131z x\u0259st\u0259 t\u0259x\u0259yy\u00fcl il\u0259 bu g\u00fcn bunu yazmaq olar. S\u00f6z\u00fcn q\u0131sas\u0131, \u201cK\u00f6k\u00fcn kim?\u201d sual\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0259rketm\u0259, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc t\u00fcrkbilm\u0259 m\u00f6vzusu n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur.

Posted 30 th July 2015 by Bay Etnogenezis haqq\u0131nda ara\u015fd\u0131rma yaz\u0131ma ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015fdan \u00f6nc\u0259 ist\u0259rdim ki, bir yaz\u0131 taxtas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259siniz. V\u0259 z\u0259nn edin ki, m\u0259n bu yaz\u0131 taxtas\u0131na min ilin sual\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131ram: \u201cK\u00d6K\u00dcN K\u0130M?\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

XI \u0259srd\u0259 t\u00fcrk\u00fcn ensiklopediya\u00e7\u0131 alimi Mahmud Ka\u015f\u011farl\u0131n\u0131n \u201cDivani-lu\u011fat-it-T\u00fcrk\u201d kitab\u0131nda bu sual qoyulub. Bu \u00e7ox geni\u015f v\u0259 \u0259hat\u0259li bir m\u00f6vzudur. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcm ki, \u00f6z m\u0259qal\u0259md\u0259 \u201cEtnoge- nezis: tarix\u00e7iliyi v\u0259 ba\u015fl\u0131ca elmi aspektl\u0259ri\u201d m\u00f6vzusunda yazam. Amma sonra d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcm ki, bu m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 yaln\u0131z tarix\u00e7iliyi \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259 bils\u0259k, bunun \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir i\u015f olar. \u00c7\u00fcnki tarix\u00e7ilikd\u0259 t\u0259dqiqat v\u0259 m\u0259nb\u0259\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q bax\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7oxlu problem- l\u0259r var. Sonra bu m\u00f6vzuya bir daha qay\u0131da bil\u0259rik.
Tarix\u00e7ilik m\u00f6vzusuna ba\u015flamazdan \u0259vv\u0259l bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni qeyd etm\u0259k ist\u0259rdim. Sovetl\u0259rd\u0259 bizim bu \u201cK\u00f6k\u00fcn kim?\u201d sual\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 saxta bir konsepsiya m\u00f6vcud idi. O konsepsiya bizim t\u00fcrkl\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc inkar edirdi. Bu, g\u0259nc n\u0259sill\u0259rin yadda\u015f\u0131ndan t\u00fcrkl\u00fcy\u00fc tamamil\u0259 yox edib-silm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di g\u00fcd\u00fcrd\u00fc.

M\u00fc\u0259llifi oldu\u011fum \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan tarixi\u201d kitab\u0131n\u0131n 7-ci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 1-ci paraqraf\u0131n\u0131n 1-ci m\u00f6vzusu bel\u0259dir: \u201cAz\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n kimliyind\u0259n yaz\u0131lanlara bir bax\u0131\u015f. Tarix\u00e7ilik imperializmi\u201d. Bu yana\u015fman\u0131, bu konsepsiyan\u0131 imperializm kimi d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirmi\u015f\u0259m.

Bu fikrimi \u0259sasland\u0131rmaq ist\u0259rdim. XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck bir irfan n\u0259slinin \u00e7ox g\u00f6z\u0259l t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olan Firidun b\u0259y K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259rli, s\u0259hv etmir\u0259ms\u0259, 1903-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 ana dilimizd\u0259 bir kitab \u00e7ap etdirdi: \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131\u201d, rus senzorlar (\u0259slind\u0259 bu v\u0259zif\u0259ni \u0259sas\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r yerin\u0259 yetirirdil\u0259r) kitab\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, \u201c\u041b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0440\u201d qoydular.

Bizim tariximizin ideoloji senzorluq m\u00fcst\u0259visind\u0259 qay\u00e7\u0131lanmas\u0131 b\u0259zil\u0259rinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi 1930-50-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259n deyil, XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n, h\u0259tta m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u0259qamlarda XIX \u0259srd\u0259n ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n