{"id":55770,"date":"2021-12-07T01:39:18","date_gmt":"2021-12-06T21:39:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55770"},"modified":"2021-12-07T01:39:22","modified_gmt":"2021-12-06T21:39:22","slug":"mogollarin-az%c9%99rbaycan-v%c9%99-orta-asiya-uz%c9%99rin%c9%99-yurusl%c9%99rinin-%c9%99sl-s%c9%99b%c9%99bl%c9%99ri-v%c9%99-ya-tarix-t%c9%99krarlanir-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=55770","title":{"rendered":"MO\u011eOLLARIN AZ\u018fRBAYCAN V\u018f ORTA AS\u0130YA \u00dcZ\u018fR\u0130N\u018f Y\u00dcR\u00dc\u015eL\u018fR\u0130N\u0130N \u018fSL S\u018fB\u018fBL\u018fR\u0130 V\u018f YA TAR\u0130X T\u018fKRARLANIR"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

III YAZI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cS\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r: paralell\u0259r, ehtimallar, h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259r…\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259ki faktlar \u0259sas\u0131nda<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xar\u0259zml\u0259 Yeke Mo\u011fol Ulusu aras\u0131nda m\u00fcharib\u0259nin formal s\u0259b\u0259bi \u00c7ingiz xan\u0131n (1155\u20131227) Xar\u0259zm\u015fahlar d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi ticar\u0259t karvan\u0131n\u0131n Otrar \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 qar\u0259t edilm\u0259si, \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 tacirl\u0259rin, ard\u0131nca is\u0259 bunun s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u0259lmi\u015f mo\u011fol el\u00e7il\u0259rinin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si olmu\u015fdur. Birinci yaz\u0131m\u0131zda qeyd etdik ki, d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin formalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259min \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin yerl\u0259\u015fdikl\u0259ri co\u011frafi-siyasi m\u0259kanlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirir. Amma, s\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, h\u0259r bir konkret halda art\u0131q ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f prosesi s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259n v\u0259 onun n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n dig\u0259r amill\u0259r d\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta \u0259sr salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rinin yazd\u0131qlar\u0131na \u0259saslanan m\u00fcasir tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti hesab edir ki, m\u00fcharib\u0259nin \u0259sas s\u0259b\u0259bkarlar\u0131 Xar\u0259zm\u015fah \u018fla\u0259ddin Muh\u0259mm\u0259dl\u0259 (1169\u20131220) onun Otrar valisi \u0130nal\u00e7\u0131k Kay\u0131r xan (1165\u20131220) idi. Bel\u0259 bir fikir ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ki, onlar bu \u0259m\u0259li mo\u011fol tacirl\u0259rinin mallar\u0131na tamah sald\u0131qlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 t\u00f6r\u0259tmi\u015fl\u0259r. Ba\u015fqa ehtimala \u0259sas\u0259n, mo\u011follar\u0131n hindli taciri Otrar valisi il\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259tsiz r\u0259ftar etmi\u015f v\u0259 \u0130nal\u00e7\u0131k Kay\u0131r xan onun \u0259d\u0259bsiz davran\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k tacirl\u0259ri q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Amma t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0259rziyy\u0259 bir q\u0259d\u0259r diqq\u0259td\u0259n k\u0259narda qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bel\u0259 ki, b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, tacirl\u0259rin v\u0259 onlar\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t ed\u0259n mo\u011follar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti k\u0259\u015ffiyyat\u00e7\u0131 olmu\u015f, Otrar \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259 qur\u011fular\u0131, oradak\u0131 h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259rin say\u0131, onlar\u0131n silahlar\u0131, \u0259halinin d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 informasiya toplam\u0131\u015f, camaat aras\u0131nda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u015fayi\u0259l\u0259r yaym\u0131\u015flar. Buna baxmayaraq, tarix\u00e7il\u0259r g\u00fcnah\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Xar\u0259zm d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 atm\u0131\u015flar. Bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, \u201cqalibl\u0259ri m\u00fchakim\u0259 etm\u0259zl\u0259r\u201d qaydas\u0131 bu halda da pozulmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. S\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, h\u0259min hadis\u0259l\u0259rin biz\u0259 bu formada \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n subyektiv s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri d\u0259 vard\u0131r. Ola bilsin ki, salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si X\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259n-Nasir Abbasiy\u0259 (1158\u20131225) r\u0259\u011fb\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259mi\u015f, dig\u0259r hiss\u0259sinin is\u0259 Xar\u0259zm\u015fah \u018fla\u0259ddin Muh\u0259mm\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti m\u0259nfi olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lakin \u0259dal\u0259t namin\u0259 vur\u011fulamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, b\u0259zi m\u00fcs\u0259lman tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri bacard\u0131qlar\u0131 q\u0259d\u0259r obyektiv olma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f, e\u015fitdikl\u0259ri m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 gizl\u0259tm\u0259mi\u015f, onlar\u0131 \u00f6z \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259ks etdirmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fli ibn Muh\u0259mm\u0259d \u0259l-\u018fsir (1160\u20131234):<\/strong> \u201cTatarlar\u0131n \u0130slam \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccumu el\u0259 bir s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259 izah olunur ki, onu kitab\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 qeyd ed\u0259 bilmirik». Ancaq \u0259s\u0259rinin ba\u015fqa bir yerind\u0259 o, \u00f6z fikrini daha ayd\u0131n ifad\u0259 edir: «\u018fg\u0259r \u0259c\u0259ml\u0259rin (\u0259r\u0259b olmayanlar\u0131n) onun (X\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259n-Nasirin) bar\u0259sind\u0259 dedikl\u0259ri m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259, y\u0259ni (x\u0259lif\u0259nin) tatarlar\u0131 \u0130slam \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccuma t\u0259hrik etm\u0259si v\u0259 bu m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 \u00f6z adamlar\u0131n\u0131 onlar\u0131n (tatarlar\u0131n) yan\u0131na g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar do\u011frudursa, dem\u0259li, o, \u0259n d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli cinay\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r bir cinay\u0259t t\u00f6r\u0259tmi\u015fdir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fhm\u0259d ibn \u018fli \u0259l-M\u0259krizi (1364\u20131442) X\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259n-Nasirin mo\u011follara yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259ktubdan b\u0259hs edir:<\/strong> \u201cOnun (\u0259n-Nasirin) hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 tatarlar \u015e\u0259rq \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rini viran etdil\u0259r. H\u0259tta H\u0259m\u0259dana g\u0259lib \u00e7atd\u0131lar. Bunun s\u0259b\u0259bi is\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar idi: Sultan Muh\u0259mm\u0259din vaxt\u0131 il\u0259 S\u0259lcuqil\u0259rin etdiyi kimi Ba\u011fdad\u0131 tutub Xar\u0259zm\u015fahlar d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin paytaxt\u0131na \u00e7evir\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n qorxdu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn (x\u0259lif\u0259) tatarlara m\u0259ktub yaz\u0131b onlar\u0131 (m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259) m\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259\u015fviq etdi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Muh\u0259mm\u0259d ibn Vasil (1207\u20131298) X\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259n-Nasirin \u00c7ingiz xana m\u00fcraci\u0259ti haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131r:<\/strong> \u201cXar\u0259zm\u015fah Ba\u011fdada do\u011fru h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259nd\u0259 x\u0259lif\u0259 tatarlar\u0131n h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 \u00c7ingiz xana m\u0259ktub g\u00f6nd\u0259rib onu Xar\u0259zm \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccuma t\u0259hrik etdi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu hadis\u0259 \u018fbu-l-Fida \u0130smail ibn \u018fli (1273\u20131331), Sibt ibn \u0259l-C\u0259vzi (1186\u20131256) v\u0259 dig\u0259r m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n d\u0259 t\u0259sdiq edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nin m\u0259\u011fzi bundan ibar\u0259t idi ki, 1218-ci ild\u0259 Xar\u0259zm\u015fah \u018fla\u0259ddin Muh\u0259mm\u0259d \u00f6z \u00f6lk\u0259sinin imamlar\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 bir f\u0259tva verm\u0259y\u0259 raz\u0131 salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, Abbasil\u0259r s\u00fclal\u0259sinin hakimiyy\u0259ti qeyri-qanuni v\u0259 \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t\u0259 ziddir, xilaf\u0259t v\u0259 imam\u0259t H\u0259zr\u0259ti \u018fli ibn \u018fbu Talibin o\u011flu \u0130mam H\u00fcseynin n\u0259slinin haqq\u0131d\u0131r. El\u0259 h\u0259min ild\u0259n Xar\u0259zmd\u0259 X\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259n-Nasirin ad\u0131na x\u00fctb\u0259 oxunmas\u0131 dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, \u018fla \u0259l-M\u00fclk Tirmizi adl\u0131 bir seyid x\u0259lif\u0259 elan edilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, Xar\u0259zm\u015fah \u018fla\u0259ddin Muh\u0259mm\u0259d n\u0259 qat\u0131 m\u0259zh\u0259b\u00e7i idi, n\u0259 d\u0259 dini fanatik. Sad\u0259c\u0259, X\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259n-Nasird\u0259n Xuzistan vilay\u0259tini ist\u0259mi\u015fdi. X\u0259lif\u0259 is\u0259 n\u0259inki onun s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yer\u0259 salm\u0131\u015fd\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b etmi\u015fdi ki, xar\u0259zm\u015fah \u0259lind\u0259 olan \u0130randan da \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b yaln\u0131z Xar\u0259zml\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ha\u015fiy\u0259<\/strong>.<\/span> \u015eihab\u0259ddin Muh\u0259mm\u0259d ibn \u018fhm\u0259d \u0259n-N\u0259s\u0259vi (?\u20131250) yaz\u0131r:<\/strong> \u201cX\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259n-Nasirin g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi \u015feyx Xar\u0259zm\u015fah\u0131n q\u0259buluna girdi. \u018fla\u0259ddin Muh\u0259mm\u0259d onu salamlad\u0131. \u015eeyx bir h\u0259dis s\u00f6yl\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yini bildirdi. Xar\u0259zm\u015fah \u0259yl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k h\u0259disi dinl\u0259di. H\u0259min h\u0259dis\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, Muh\u0259mm\u0259d Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r demi\u015fdi ki, \u0259misi Abbas\u0131n n\u0259sli il\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7ilik he\u00e7 kim\u0259 fayda g\u0259tir\u0259 bilm\u0259z v\u0259 Abbasil\u0259rin ehtiram\u0131n\u0131 saxlamaq h\u0259r bir m\u00fcs\u0259lman\u0131n borcudur. Xar\u0259zm\u015fah \u015feyxi sonacan t\u0259mkinl\u0259 dinl\u0259di v\u0259 dedi: M\u0259n t\u00fcrk oldu\u011fum \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259r\u0259b dilini b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r yax\u015f\u0131 bilmir\u0259m. Amma h\u0259disin m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131m. X\u0259lif\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131n ki, bug\u00fcn\u0259d\u0259k Abbas\u0131n bir t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259sini bel\u0259 incitm\u0259mi\u015f\u0259m. Lakin e\u015fitdiyim\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0259n-Nasirin saray\u0131ndak\u0131 zirz\u0259mil\u0259rd\u0259 Abbas ki\u015finin n\u0259slind\u0259n olan xeyli sayda adam saxlan\u0131l\u0131r. H\u0259tta, deyirl\u0259r ki, onlar h\u0259min zirz\u0259mil\u0259rd\u0259 d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131r, oralarda art\u0131b-t\u00f6r\u0259yir v\u0259 g\u00fcn i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u0259d\u0259n \u00f6l\u00fcb gedirl\u0259r. Ey h\u00f6rm\u0259tli \u015feyx, yax\u015f\u0131s\u0131 budur ki, bu m\u00fcbar\u0259k h\u0259disi Ba\u011fdada qay\u0131dandan sonra x\u0259lif\u0259 h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 n\u0259ql et. B\u0259lk\u0259, n\u0259tic\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131b \u00f6z qohum-\u0259qrabas\u0131 il\u0259 daha m\u0259rh\u0259m\u0259tli davranar\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ard\u0131 var…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fc\u0259llif: Milli Kimlik Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 Qrupunun \u00fczv\u00fc Araz \u015e\u0259hrili<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

III YAZI \u201cS\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r: paralell\u0259r, ehtimallar, h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259r…\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259ki faktlar \u0259sas\u0131nda Xar\u0259zml\u0259 Yeke Mo\u011fol Ulusu aras\u0131nda m\u00fcharib\u0259nin formal s\u0259b\u0259bi \u00c7ingiz xan\u0131n (1155\u20131227) Xar\u0259zm\u015fahlar d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi ticar\u0259t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":55773,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55770","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kos"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55770","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=55770"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55770\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55774,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55770\/revisions\/55774"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/55773"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=55770"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=55770"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=55770"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}