{"id":56395,"date":"2021-12-14T01:37:15","date_gmt":"2021-12-13T21:37:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=56395"},"modified":"2021-12-14T01:37:18","modified_gmt":"2021-12-13T21:37:18","slug":"ag-borklu-qulamliga-qarsi-turkmanligin-qizil-borkl%c9%99-usyani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=56395","title":{"rendered":"A\u011f b\u00f6rkl\u00fc qulaml\u0131\u011fa qar\u015f\u0131 t\u00fcrkmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131l b\u00f6rkl\u0259 \u00fcsyan\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Q\u0131z\u0131l b\u00f6rk\u00fcn t\u00fcrkl\u00fcy\u00fcn, a\u011f b\u00f6rk\u00fcn is\u0259 qullu\u011fun r\u0259mzi oldu\u011funu 15-ci \u0259sr tarix\u00e7isi Dukasdan \u00f6yr\u0259nirik. Dukas\u0131n Efesd\u0259 do\u011fuldu\u011fu ehtimal olunur, 1421-ci ild\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Yeni Fo\u00e7ada genuyal\u0131 Covanni Adarnoya katiblik etmi\u015fdir. Daha sonra Lesbos adas\u0131n\u0131n genuyal\u0131 hakimi Qattiluzio ail\u0259si il\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 saray\u0131 aras\u0131nda vasit\u0259\u00e7i rolunu oynam\u0131\u015f, 1455-ci ild\u0259 Fateh Sultan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. Yunancadan ba\u015fqa y\u00fcks\u0259k d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 lat\u0131nca v\u0259 t\u00fcrkc\u0259 bilirdi. Dukas\u0131n, Bizans d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259ki b\u0259nz\u0259r tarix \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi x\u00fcsusi ad da\u015f\u0131mayan v\u0259 sad\u0259c\u0259 \u201chistoria\u201d dey\u0259 bilin\u0259n kitab\u0131n\u0131 Vladimir Mirmiro\u011flu 1956-c\u0131 ild\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. B\u0259hs etdiyimiz hiss\u0259d\u0259 oxuyuruq:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00abBu yeni\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259rin \u0259lam\u0259t-i f\u0259riq\u0259l\u0259ri ba\u015flar\u0131na geydikl\u0259ri s\u0259rpu\u015flard\u0131r ki, buna bizansl\u0131lar\u0131n xalq dilind\u0259 zarkola (z\u0259rrin-k\u00fclah) dey\u0259rl\u0259r. \u018fsas\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcrkl\u0259r ba\u015flar\u0131na bel\u0259 bir sar\u0131q sarard\u0131lar. X\u00fcsusi v\u0259 \u0259sil kims\u0259l\u0259r q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 r\u0259ngli, dig\u0259r irql\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259nsub olub, \u0259sir olaraq \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f v\u0259 pad\u015fah\u0131n qullar\u0131 olmu\u015f bulunanlara a\u011f r\u0259ngli s\u0259rpu\u015f \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 a\u011f sar\u0131q sarard\u0131lar. Bu s\u0259rpu\u015f yar\u0131mk\u00fcr\u0259 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 olub, ba\u015fa oturdulurdu v\u0259 ba\u015f\u0131n t\u0259p\u0259sind\u0259n bir qar\u0131\u015f q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259lir, y\u00fcks\u0259ldikc\u0259 d\u0259 sivrilirdi. Al\u0131nan yeni\u00e7\u0259ri alay\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131 h\u0259r il daha da art\u0131rd\u0131, y\u0259ni bir\u0259 y\u00fcz nisb\u0259tind\u0259 \u00e7oxal\u0131rd\u0131. Bundan dolay\u0131 qullar, qullara v\u0259 qullar\u0131n qullar\u0131 da ayr\u0131ca qullara nail olurdular v\u0259 bunlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 da pad\u015fah\u0131n qullar\u0131 idi. Bunlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda n\u0259 bir t\u00fcrk, n\u0259 bir \u0259r\u0259b vard\u0131, ham\u0131s\u0131 xristian u\u015faqlar\u0131 idi, y\u0259ni bizansl\u0131lar, serbl\u0259r, albanlar, bolqarlar, valaxlar v\u0259 hunlar (macarlar) idi.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Orta \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 aid bir s\u0131ra qaynaqlarda biz q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f adland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kimi, Osmanl\u0131lar da a\u011fba\u015f, \u015eeybanil\u0259r is\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131lba\u015f adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Hammerin m\u0259\u015fhur \u201cGeschichte des Osmanischen Reiches\u201d \u0259s\u0259rinin frans\u0131zca yay\u0131n\u0131nda bel\u0259 bir qeyd var:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00abVenesiya s\u0259firl\u0259rinin hesabatlar\u0131nda \u00f6zb\u0259k s\u0259firi \u201cdella testa verde\u201d (ya\u015f\u0131lba\u015f) adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; \u015fah\u0131nki, \u201cdella testa rossa\u201d (q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f); osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259ri orada \u201cdella testa bianca\u201d (a\u011fba\u015f), g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r is\u0259 \u201cdella testa nera\u201d (qaraba\u015f) adlan\u0131r. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, ya\u015f\u0131l, q\u0131z\u0131l, a\u011f v\u0259 qara ba\u015flar \u00f6zb\u0259kl\u0259rin, iranl\u0131lar\u0131n, osmanl\u0131lar\u0131n v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin sinonimidir.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u00fc\u00e7 r\u0259ng\u0259 \u0259saslanan adland\u0131rma \u00e7oxdan b\u0259ri bilins\u0259 d\u0259, r\u0259ngl\u0259rin m\u0259nalar\u0131 sad\u0259c\u0259 ba\u015f geyimi il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, d\u0259rin a\u00e7\u0131qlama verilm\u0259mi\u015fdir. Dukas\u0131n \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 tapd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu \u00e7ox maraql\u0131 qeyd t\u00fcrkmanlar\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131l b\u00f6rk\u00fcn\u00fcn t\u0259sad\u00fcfi se\u00e7im olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, x\u00fcsus\u0259n Fateh Sultan M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dd\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq sanki Bizans\u0131n islami cildd\u0259 t\u0259nas\u00fcx\u00fc olaraq qar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131xan Osmanl\u0131n\u0131n \u201cdev\u015firm\u0259 sistemi\u201d dediyi bizansla\u015fd\u0131rma siyas\u0259tin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 bir o\u011fuz-t\u00fcrkman \u00fcsyan\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259c\u0259llisi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kd\u0259dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u018fd\u0259biyyat:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Dukas, Bizans Tarihi. \u2014 \u0130stanbul: \u0130stanbul Fethi Derne\u011fi, 1956, s\u0259h. 84.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, Histoire de l&#8217;Empire ottoman, depuis son origine jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 nos jours. Tome 4. traduit de l&#8217;allemand par J.-J. Hellert. \u2014 Paris: Bellizard, Barth\u00e8s, Dufour &amp; Lowell, 1836, s\u0259h. 94.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0259nb\u0259: T\u00fcrkmanlar<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Q\u0131z\u0131l b\u00f6rk\u00fcn t\u00fcrkl\u00fcy\u00fcn, a\u011f b\u00f6rk\u00fcn is\u0259 qullu\u011fun r\u0259mzi oldu\u011funu 15-ci \u0259sr tarix\u00e7isi Dukasdan \u00f6yr\u0259nirik. Dukas\u0131n Efesd\u0259 do\u011fuldu\u011fu ehtimal olunur, 1421-ci ild\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Yeni Fo\u00e7ada<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":56396,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-56395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=56395"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56395\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":56397,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/56395\/revisions\/56397"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/56396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=56395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=56395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=56395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}