{"id":58473,"date":"2022-01-03T04:00:57","date_gmt":"2022-01-03T00:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=58473"},"modified":"2022-01-03T04:01:00","modified_gmt":"2022-01-03T00:01:00","slug":"baki-iddia-qaldirsa-bu-s%c9%99h%c9%99ri-ala-bil%c9%99rik-arasdirma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=58473","title":{"rendered":"Bak\u0131 iddia qald\u0131rsa bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri ala bil\u0259rik — ARA\u015eDIRMA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

AB\u015e tarix\u00e7isi David Fromkin \u201cM\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 son ver\u0259n s\u00fclh\u201d (David Fromkin, \u201cA Peace To End All Peace: The Fall of The Ottoman Empire and The Creation of The Middle East\u201d (Avon Books, New York \u2013 1990) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda yaz\u0131r:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c1916-1922-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyan\u0131n ba\u015f naziri olmu\u015f Devid Lloyd Corc il\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mperiyas\u0131 tarixind\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rol oynam\u0131\u015f h\u0259rb\u00e7i v\u0259 siyasi xadim \u018fnv\u0259r pa\u015fa aras\u0131nda gizli bir m\u00fcqavil\u0259 olub. H\u0259min m\u00fcqavil\u0259 haz\u0131rda Londonda (\u201cLordlar Evi S\u0259n\u0259d B\u00fcrosu — Beaverbrook Kolleksiyas\u0131 — Lloyd George Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 F-6-1- S\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri I-16 (b)\u201d) saxlan\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 orda yaz\u0131l\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cM\u00fcqavil\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u018fr\u0259bistan m\u00fcst\u0259qil olacaq. Erm\u0259nistan v\u0259 Suriya Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mperiyas\u0131 daxilind\u0259 muxtar bir status qazanacaq: Mesopotamiya v\u0259 F\u0259l\u0259stin Misir kimi m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l Osmanl\u0131 hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131na gir\u0259c\u0259k, ancaq ingilisl\u0259rin himay\u0259sind\u0259 olacaq: \u00c7anaqqaladan ke\u00e7m\u0259k azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259min edil\u0259c\u0259k\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Qafqazda yaranacaq iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t — Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan m\u00fcst\u0259qil olacaqd\u0131. H\u0259min iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t d\u0259 Britaniyan\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda qalacaq idi. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 Bak\u0131 nefti osmanl\u0131larla ingilisl\u0259rin n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda olacaqd\u0131. Batum konfrans\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r bu raz\u0131la\u015fma q\u00fcvv\u0259d\u0259 idi, lakin Britaniya k\u0259\u015ffiyyat\u0131 \u018fnv\u0259r pa\u015fan\u0131n Adriatik d\u0259nizind\u0259n Hindistana q\u0259d\u0259r Osmanl\u0131 \u0130mperiyas\u0131 qurmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 gizli m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rini a\u00e7\u0131qlayandan sonra (David Thomson, England in The Twentieth Century (1914-1963), S.48) i\u015fl\u0259r el\u0259 konfransda da d\u0259yi\u015fdi. G\u00fcnd\u0259m\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131 fikri daxil oldu v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 m\u00fcst\u0259qil Erm\u0259nistana paytaxt verilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 se\u00e7im qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda qald\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 pa\u015falar\u0131 G\u00fcmr\u00fc \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 paytaxt kimi verilm\u0259sin\u0259 etiraz edib, m\u00fcst\u0259qilik u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin\u0259 m\u0259xsus \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin verilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Batum konfrans\u0131nda i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n M.\u018f. R\u0259sulzad\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259zyiq etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Bu hadis\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00c7ikaqo Universitetinin siyasi elml\u0259r kafedras\u0131n\u0131n professoru Ronald Qriqor yaz\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130r\u0259van Batum konfrans\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri idi\u201d(Stephen Holmes, «Collapse Legacies Cultural or State? The Dilemma probing Postcommunist», in Michael Mandelbaum (ed), Postcommunism: Four Perspectives (New York): Council on Foreign Relations, 1996, p. 5.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1918-ci il may\u0131n 28-d\u0259, ax\u015fam saat 20:00-da Batumda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Vehib pa\u015fa deyib:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cErm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u0259l\u0259bini az da olsa qane etm\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259yik. H\u0259r halda, onlara bir \u0259razi verm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cburuq\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erm\u0259nil\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u0259n sah\u0259 Yeni B\u0259yazid v\u0259 \u00dc\u00e7mi\u0259dzin b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi. T\u00fcrk hey\u0259ti 1918-ci il may\u0131n 30-da erm\u0259nil\u0259rl\u0259 apard\u0131qlar\u0131 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 bu \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Buna q\u0259ti etiraz\u0131n\u0131 bildir\u0259n A.Xatisyan erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 veril\u0259n torpaqlar\u0131n az oldu\u011funu, t\u0259klif edil\u0259n bu s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin t\u00fcrk v\u0259 erm\u0259ni xalqlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda daimi d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliy\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259yan etdi. O bildirdi ki, Qafqaz m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 \u0259razinin \u00e7ox az bir hiss\u0259si onlara veril\u0259rs\u0259, m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlarla m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri d\u00fcz\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n haqlar\u0131 bu \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edil\u0259c\u0259k. Vehib pa\u015fa erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 daha \u00e7ox \u0259razinin qala bilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Erm\u0259nistan \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fayan m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halinin T\u00fcrkiy\u0259y\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259sini t\u0259klif etdi. O, \u201cerm\u0259ni m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si\u201dnin beyn\u0259lxalq bir problem oldu\u011funu q\u0259bul ed\u0259r\u0259k, onlar\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin Osmanl\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tan\u0131naca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin bu \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259ri q\u0259bul etm\u0259kd\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir \u00e7ar\u0259si qalmad\u0131(D\u00f6vl\u0259t arxivi, A.3671, k.2930, d.555, f.15;15-9.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130mzalanm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcqavil\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n \u0259razisi 9 min kv. km, \u0259halisi 326 min n\u0259f\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Erm\u0259nistan \u0259razisi Basarke\u00e7\u0259r quberniyas\u0131 (Nor B\u0259yazid), \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n be\u015fd\u0259\u00fc\u00e7 hiss\u0259si, \u00dc\u00e7mi\u0259dzinin bir hiss\u0259si, \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259runun bir hiss\u0259sini \u0259hat\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259, \u0259halisinin 230 minini erm\u0259ni, 80 minini m\u00fcs\u0259lman, 5 minini yezidi k\u00fcrd v\u0259 11 minini dig\u0259r mill\u0259tl\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Erm\u0259nistan Respublikas\u0131 Qafqazda ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn erm\u0259nil\u0259rin doqquzdabir hiss\u0259sini \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdirirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Batum m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259 \u0130r\u0259vana g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft\u0259 gedilm\u0259si v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin h\u0259r hans\u0131 \u00f6hd\u0259lik g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 raz\u0131la\u015fma \u0259ksini tapmay\u0131b: \u0130r\u0259van erm\u0259ni Milli \u015euras\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 aras\u0131nda centlmen raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda verilib. 1918-ci ild\u0259 erm\u0259ni d\u00f6vl\u0259ti yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn paytaxt olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 \u0130r\u0259van\u0131 g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft\u0259 gedib. Bunun m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 erm\u0259ni Milli \u015euras\u0131 Yelizavetpol quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n da\u011fl\u0131q hiss\u0259sin\u0259, indiki Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011fa olan iddialar\u0131ndan imtina haqda \u00f6hd\u0259lik g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcb. Batum m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259min raz\u0131la\u015fman\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 ehtiva ed\u0259n h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir madd\u0259 yoxdur. Bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259 roman-german h\u00fcquq sistemind\u0259 verbal (\u015fifahi) m\u00fcqavil\u0259si adlan\u0131r. Verbal (\u015fifahi) m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r bilavasit\u0259 ifad\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz edildiyi andan h\u00fcquqi q\u00fcvv\u0259y\u0259 minir v\u0259 ad\u0259t\u0259n \u201c\u0259ll\u0259rin s\u0131x\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d il\u0259 sanki t\u0259sdiqini (\u201cm\u00f6h\u00fcrl\u0259nm\u0259sini\u201d) tap\u0131r. Roma h\u00fcququ sah\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli alim olan \u0130.B.Novitski yaz\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cG\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k kreditorun sual\u0131 (centum dare spondes? — y\u00fcz verm\u0259yi v\u0259d edirs\u0259nmi?) v\u0259 \u00f6hd\u0259lik \u00fczr\u0259 borclu olma\u011fa raz\u0131la\u015fan \u015f\u0259xs t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n veril\u0259n suala uy\u011fun cavab (spondeo, v\u0259d edir\u0259m) vasit\u0259sil\u0259 ba\u011flanan \u015fifahi m\u00fcqavil\u0259y\u0259 stipulyasiya deyilir\u201d (Novitski, \u0130. B. Roma h\u00fcququ : d\u0259rslik \/ \u0130. B. Novitski ; t\u0259rt.: \u0130. A. \u0130smay\u0131lov, M. P. \u018fsg\u0259rova ; red. \u0130. A. \u0130smay\u0131lov. — T\u0259krar n\u0259\u015fri. — Bak\u0131 : Qanun, 2008. — 287 s.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dosent Rahib \u018fkb\u0259rov yaz\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 varis m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t\u00e7i v\u0259 eyni zamanda m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t\u0259 sahiblik (sahibliyin iki m\u00fch\u00fcm elementi var: \u0259\u015fyan\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc v\u0259 ona sahib olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn niyy\u0259tin, irad\u0259nin olmas\u0131) h\u00fcququnda, yaln\u0131z \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259halisi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edir. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n masa \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 h\u00fcquqi prosedur qaydalara \u0259m\u0259l edilm\u0259kl\u0259 yaz\u0131l\u0131 (literal) t\u0259sbit edil\u0259n r\u0259smi d\u00f6vl\u0259t s\u0259n\u0259di, Milli \u015euran\u0131n iclas Protokolu m\u00f6vcuddur. Y\u0259ni torpaqlar\u0131n erm\u0259ni federasiyas\u0131na verilm\u0259si s\u00fcbuta ehtiyac\u0131 olmayan, dan\u0131lmaz h\u00fcquqi fakt kimi Protokolla r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fib. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131n\u0131n erm\u0259ni milli federasiyas\u0131na verilm\u0259si n\u0259inki \u015fifahi (verbal) raz\u0131la\u015fma \u0259sas\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015f, eyni zamanda birt\u0259r\u0259fli yaz\u0131l\u0131 (literal) Protokolla r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, \u0259\u015fyaya olan h\u00fcquqlar i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t h\u00fcququ \u0259n geni\u015f istifad\u0259 olunun h\u00fcquqdur. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 is\u0259 \u0259\u015fya h\u00fcquqlar\u0131na m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t (o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n torpaq) v\u0259 \u00f6zg\u0259 \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131na h\u00fcquqlar aid edilir\u201d (R.A. \u018fkb\u0259rov. Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin (I Respublikan\u0131n) d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 h\u00fcquq tarixi. 28 may 1918- 27 aprel 1920.B.280s\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q\u0131sa ha\u015fiy\u0259: \u201cAvropa Kontinent h\u00fcququnun \u0259sas bazas\u0131 Fransa T\u0259sis M\u0259clisinin 29 sentyabr 1790-c\u0131 ild\u0259 q\u0259bul etdiyi q\u0259rara s\u00f6yk\u0259nir. Y\u0259ni bu g\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada \u0259razi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri, icar\u0259 h\u00fcququ v\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n h\u00fcquqi varisliyi bu q\u0259rarla t\u0259nziml\u0259nir. Bu q\u0259rara g\u00f6r\u0259, art\u0131q Avropa prinsipl\u0259rini \u00f6z d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7iliyind\u0259 t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u201c\u0259b\u0259di\u201d icar\u0259 h\u00fcququ qada\u011fan edilir v\u0259 icar\u0259nin maksimal m\u00fcdd\u0259ti 99 il m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1918-ci ild\u0259 Milli \u015euran\u0131n F.Xoyskinin s\u0259drliyi il\u0259 ke\u00e7iril\u0259n 3 sayl\u0131 iclas\u0131 v\u0259 onun Protokolu q\u0259bul edil\u0259n zaman \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t\u00e7i qismind\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n yerli \u0259halinin m\u00f6vqeyi n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmay\u0131b. Qeyd edim ki, \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft\u0259 gedilm\u0259si \u015fifahi formada olsa da, sonradan h\u00fcquqi \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259d\u0259 3 sayl\u0131 protokolla s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259\u015fib. Bu zaman is\u0259 h\u00fcquqi varis olan \u0130r\u0259van \u0259halisinin r\u0259yinin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259m\u0259si ona g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131r ki, AXC-nin bu add\u0131m\u0131 iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda torpaqlar\u0131n \u0259b\u0259di istifad\u0259si deyil, icar\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259sidir. Avropa Kontinent h\u00fcququ is\u0259 bu zaman t\u0259l\u0259b qoyur ki, 99 il tamam olan kimi icar\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n t\u0259r\u0259f icar\u0259 ver\u0259n\u0259 onu tam v\u0259 toxunulmaz formada geri qaytars\u0131n v\u0259 ya yeni icar\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259si imzalas\u0131n, ya da xitam versin m\u00fcqavil\u0259y\u0259. M\u00fcasir h\u00fcquq sisteml\u0259ri \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 milli h\u00fcquq sah\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00fcququn \u00fcmumi prinsipl\u0259ri prioritetdir v\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si, t\u0259fsir olunmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Y\u0259ni h\u0259r bir milli qanunvericinin ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 h\u00fcquq sah\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etdiyi normalar h\u00fcququn \u00fcmumi prinsipl\u0259rin\u0259 (Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 ya ist\u0259nil\u0259n dig\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin normative aktlar\u0131) zidd ola bilm\u0259z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcasir beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcquqda, d\u00f6vl\u0259tin \u0259razil\u0259rinin k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc olaraq dig\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft edilm\u0259si, y\u0259ni m\u0259nb\u0259yini Roma h\u00fcququndan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n \u201csessi\u201d adlanan h\u00fcquq institutu (institio: t\u0259lim, t\u0259liml\u0259m\u0259, \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259) vasit\u0259si il\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si qaydalar\u0131 m\u00f6vcuddur ( \u0411\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u041c.\u0418.. \u0412\u0438\u0442\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 8.S. \u0414\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e. \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041c., 1997.\u0441. 23-24.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n 29 may 1918-ci il tarixli 3 sayl\u0131 Protokolunun legitimliyi \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, beyn\u0259lxalq v\u0259 milli h\u00fcquq normalar\u0131na tamamil\u0259 ziddir q\u0259rard\u0131r v\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq prosedurlar qaydas\u0131nda q\u00fcvv\u0259d\u0259n sal\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. H\u00fcquq normalar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259fsir edilm\u0259sinin yekunu olaraq qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, roman-german h\u00fcquq sistemi \u0259sas\u0131nda t\u0259nziml\u0259n\u0259n m\u00fclkiyy\u0259tin icar\u0259 \u0259sas\u0131nda \u0259ld\u0259 edilm\u0259si v\u0259 ona sahiblik h\u00fcququna xitam verilm\u0259si m\u00fcdd\u0259ti m\u00fcqavil\u0259d\u0259 dig\u0259r hallar n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmayanda maksimum 99 il m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilir. 2017-ci il 29 may tarixind\u0259 bu m\u00fcdd\u0259t ba\u015fa \u00e7at\u0131b. Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n da istifad\u0259 etdiyi roman-german h\u00fcquq sistemind\u0259, vaxtil\u0259 Roma patrisil\u0259rinin istinad etdikl\u0259ri kivrit h\u00fcququna g\u00f6r\u0259, m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 qaydas\u0131nda mansipasiya (\u0259n qiym\u0259tli \u0259\u015fya kimi torpaq) edilmi\u015f \u0259z\u0259li Roma torpaqlar\u0131 yaln\u0131z \u201c\u0259b\u0259di\u201d hesab edilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dosent Rahib \u018fkb\u0259rov haql\u0131 olaraq yaz\u0131r ki, \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n Erm\u0259nistan qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir h\u00fcquqi \u00f6hd\u0259liyi yoxdur v\u0259 n\u0259 daxili h\u00fcquqda (milli h\u00fcquqda), n\u0259 d\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcquqda (\u00fcst-milli h\u00fcquqda) Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n 29 may 1918-ci il 3 sayl\u0131 Protokolunun l\u0259\u011fv edilm\u0259sinin (denonsasiyas\u0131n\u0131n) qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 alan he\u00e7 bir h\u00fcquqi m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259t qaydalar\u0131 t\u0259sbit olunmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Protokolun h\u00fcquqi m\u0259zmununa m\u00fcvafiq olaraq bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259 n\u00f6vl\u0259ri — a) \u0259v\u0259zsiz istifad\u0259 h\u00fcququ; b) torpaq icar\u0259 (istifad\u0259) h\u00fcququ; c) t\u0259l\u0259b h\u00fcququnun g\u00fcz\u0259\u015fti (\u201csessi\u201d); d) ssuda m\u00fcqavil\u0259si (m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti v\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zsiz istifad\u0259) h\u00fcquqi konstruksiya kimi t\u00f6vsif olunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u0259nnimizc\u0259, g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259nl\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaqla Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Milli \u015euran\u0131n 29 may 1918-ci il 3 sayl\u0131 iclas Protokolunun denonsasiyas\u0131n\u0131, h\u00fcquqi prosedurlara uy\u011fun t\u0259min etm\u0259li v\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcquq normalar\u0131na m\u00fcvafiq olaraq, Erm\u0259nistana qar\u015f\u0131 \u0130r\u0259van xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259halisinin h\u00fcquqi varisliyin\u0259 dair iddia t\u0259l\u0259bi qald\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r (R.A. \u018fkb\u0259rov. Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin (I Respublikan\u0131n) d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 h\u00fcquq tarixi. 28 may 1918- 27 aprel 1920.B.280s\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u00fcquqda eyni zamanda g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259n \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259rin pozulmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 m\u00fcqavil\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rind\u0259n birinin m\u00fcqavil\u0259ni pozmaq haqq\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 madd\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 vard\u0131r. Bu hal Roma h\u00fcququnda ssuda alan\u0131n \u0259\u015fyan\u0131n yax\u015f\u0131 saxlanmas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259suliyy\u0259tinin s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 h\u0259ll olunark\u0259n n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131: m\u00fcqavil\u0259 onun m\u0259nafeyin\u0259 ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onun \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 ciddi m\u0259suliyy\u0259t qoyulurdu, y\u0259ni ssuda alan \u201comnis culpa\u201dya g\u00f6r\u0259 (h\u0259r c\u00fcr t\u0259qsir\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259) m\u0259suliyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131, y\u0259ni yaln\u0131z ssuda ver\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259sd\u0259n z\u0259r\u0259r vurulmas\u0131na (\u201cdolus\u201da) v\u0259 kobud diqq\u0259tsizliy\u0259 (\u201cculpa lata\u201dya) g\u00f6r\u0259 deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tsiz diqq\u0259tsizliy\u0259 (\u201cculpa levis\u201d\u0259) g\u00f6r\u0259.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ssuda alan onun istifad\u0259sin\u0259 verilmi\u015f \u0259\u015fyan\u0131 saxlama\u011fa, ondan laz\u0131mi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259, y\u0259ni \u0259\u015fyadan onun t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat t\u0259yinat\u0131na v\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 bu zaman yax\u015f\u0131 sahibkar qay\u011f\u0131ke\u015fliyi (diligentia) g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 borcludur. Y\u0259ni yax\u015f\u0131 sahib\u0259 xas olmayan diqq\u0259tsizliy\u0259, ehtiyats\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa, qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa yol verm\u0259m\u0259lidir. Ssuda alan tam diqq\u0259tlilik, ehtiyatl\u0131l\u0131q, qay\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rdikd\u0259, ssuda ver\u0259n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259r\u0259r sad\u0259c\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfilik (casus) n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yaran\u0131rd\u0131sa, ssuda alan ssuda ver\u0259n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda m\u0259suliyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131m\u0131rd\u0131; \u0259\u015fya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259sad\u00fcfi yaranm\u0131\u015f z\u0259r\u0259r onun m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t\u00e7isinin hesab\u0131na aid edilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Erm\u0259nil\u0259r \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 (ssuda h\u00fcququ) \u0259ld\u0259 etdikd\u0259n sonra \u00f6hd\u0259lik g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc ki, oradak\u0131 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara toxunulmayacaq, tarixi binalara d\u0259yilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 \u0259n \u0259sas\u0131 \u0130r\u0259vanda Az\u0259rbaycana m\u0259xsus \u0259\u015fyalar v\u0259 torpaqlar z\u0259r\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k. Lakin zaman g\u00f6st\u0259rdi ki, erm\u0259nil\u0259r g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fckl\u0259ri \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259rin he\u00e7 birin\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259yibl\u0259r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r \u0130r\u0259van v\u0259 \u0259traf\u0131ndak\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n onlara verilm\u0259si m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 \u00fcz\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fckl\u0259ri b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259ri pozduqlar\u0131na v\u0259 i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q siyas\u0259tini davam etdirdikl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van\u0131n verilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259m Batum m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rinin m\u00fcvafiq madd\u0259l\u0259ri, h\u0259m d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n 29 may 1918-ci il tarixli q\u0259rar\u0131 \u00f6z h\u00fcquqi q\u00fcvv\u0259sini itirib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ke\u00e7mi\u015f \u0130r\u0259van xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razisinin dolay\u0131s\u0131 h\u00fcquqi varis olan Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259lahiyy\u0259t h\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259n k\u0259nara \u00e7\u0131xaraq, \u0259razil\u0259rin verilm\u0259si il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi varisin (\u0130r\u0259van xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 onun \u0259halisinin) r\u0259yini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259d\u0259n q\u0259bul etdiyi q\u0259rar neqativ h\u00fcquqdur v\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van \u0259halisinin m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 \u0259leyhin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 birba\u015fa kobud h\u00fcquq pozuntusudur. Yaranm\u0131\u015f v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 problem obyektiv v\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rh edilm\u0259li, \u0130r\u0259van\u0131n xanl\u0131q kimi d\u00f6vl\u0259t varisliyi v\u0259 xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259halisinin milli t\u0259rkibi n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmaqla, qanuni varisliyi t\u0259min edilm\u0259lidir. \u0130r\u0259van xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daxil oldu\u011fu torpaqlar\u0131n h\u0259qiqi sahibi bu \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 ya\u015fayan Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131d\u0131r. Bu torpaqlara sahiblik h\u00fcququnu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259n h\u00fcquqi s\u0259n\u0259d is\u0259 xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131n\u0131 r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n \u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van xanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair imzalanm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcqavil\u0259 (T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay raz\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131) v\u0259 bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259nin m\u00fcvafiq b\u0259ndl\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qeyd edim ki, T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay m\u00fcqavil\u0259si Peterburqdan Qriboyedov v\u0259 dig\u0259r rus h\u0259rb\u00e7i v\u0259 diplomatlara \u00e7atandan sonra 4-c\u00fc v\u0259 13-c\u00fc madd\u0259l\u0259r tamamil\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fir, 14-c\u00fc madd\u0259y\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin (\u0259slind\u0259 c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259 \u201cerm\u0259ni\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc yoxdur. Tam c\u00fcml\u0259 bel\u0259dir: \u201ch\u0259r iki t\u0259r\u0259fin bir d\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259n o birin\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f v\u0259 ya bundan sonra ke\u00e7\u0259c\u0259k t\u0259b\u0259\u0259l\u0259ri onlar\u0131n ke\u00e7diyi h\u00f6kum\u0259tin icaz\u0259 verdiyi h\u0259r yerd\u0259 yurd sala v\u0259 ya\u015faya bil\u0259r\u201d. Bu is\u0259 s\u0131rf qa\u00e7q\u0131nlarla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ki, qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar\u0131n az hiss\u0259si erm\u0259nil\u0259r idil\u0259r. Qalan\u0131 xanl\u0131qlardan \u0130rana k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259n t\u00fcrkl\u0259r idi) h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 edilir. 12-ci v\u0259 15-ci madd\u0259l\u0259r is\u0259 Peterburq n\u00fcsx\u0259sind\u0259 yox idi (\u0426\u0413\u0418\u0410\u041b, \u0444. 1018, \u043e\u043f. 2, \u0434. 81, ll. 343 — 343 \u043e\u0431.).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay m\u00fcqavil\u0259si Rusiya v\u0259 Qacarlar aras\u0131nda 90 il m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 ba\u011flan\u0131b. Art\u0131q 200 il\u0259 yax\u0131n bir d\u00f6vr ke\u00e7m\u0259kd\u0259dir. M\u00fcqavil\u0259 h\u00fcquqi q\u00fcvv\u0259sini itirib. M\u00fcqavil\u0259ni ba\u011flayan d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r — Rusiya \u0130mperiyas\u0131 v\u0259 Qacarlar d\u00f6vl\u0259ti art\u0131q yoxdur. T\u0259bii ki, Rusiya bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259n sonra T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay v\u0259 G\u00fcl\u00fcstan m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n \u0259l \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0130randak\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f s\u0259firi \u018flyar S\u0259f\u0259rli hesab edir ki, haz\u0131rda \u015eimali Az\u0259rbaycanda m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131b, Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131 m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurub. G\u00fcney is\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131n himay\u0259si alt\u0131ndad\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r m\u00fcqavil\u0259ni ba\u011flayan t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rd\u0259n biri \u00f6z m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259n \u0259l \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015fs\u0259, avtomatik olaraq dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259f d\u0259 \u0259l \u00e7\u0259km\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcquqa g\u00f6r\u0259, T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay m\u00fcqavil\u0259si \u00f6l\u00fc m\u00fcqavil\u0259 v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fc imzalara \u0259sasland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan h\u00fcquqi q\u00fcvv\u0259sini \u00e7oxdan itirib. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 h\u00fcquqi varislik n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n baxanda Rusiyada 1917-ci ilin sosialist inqilab\u0131 h\u0259min ild\u0259 olan burjua inqilab\u0131ndan f\u0259rqli olaraq, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc Rusiya \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n varisi elan etm\u0259yib. M\u00fcqavil\u0259nin h\u00fcquqi t\u0259r\u0259fini inc\u0259l\u0259dikc\u0259 m\u0259lum olur ki, \u0130ran da g\u0259r\u0259k b\u0259zi \u0259razil\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycana qaytarmal\u0131 olsun. \u018fg\u0259r bu g\u00fcn X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi Rusiyan\u0131n daxili d\u0259nizi hesab edilmirs\u0259, bu m\u0259ntiql\u0259, m\u00fcqavil\u0259d\u0259 ad\u0131 ke\u00e7\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259r iki d\u00f6vl\u0259tin h\u00fcquqi sahibliyi avtomatik olaraq itirilir v\u0259 mahiyy\u0259t etibar\u0131 il\u0259 bu iki i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t yad \u0259razil\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 ancaq i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131 statusu il\u0259 qalm\u0131\u015f olur. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri (quberniyas\u0131) \u00fczr\u0259 h\u00fcquqi varis bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin \u0259halisi olaraq qal\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n fikrini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259d\u0259n, raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 almadan is\u0259 o \u0259razil\u0259rin dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259f\u0259 verilm\u0259si beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcquq normalar\u0131na ziddir v\u0259 eyni zamanda qanunsuz add\u0131md\u0131r. AC-nin Milli \u015euras\u0131 da bu qanunsuzlu\u011fa imza atan qurum olaraq onlar\u0131n m\u00f6vqeyini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yib. Bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qanuni m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t h\u00fcququ ir\u0259vanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259ri say\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n ali qanunverici orqan\u0131 olan Milli M\u0259clis Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n 29 may 1918-ci il 3 sayl\u0131 Protokolunu denonsasiya (frans\u0131zca: pozmaq) etm\u0259li v\u0259 BMT \u00fczv\u00fc olan d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6z q\u0259rar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259yan etm\u0259lidir. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00fcquqi prosedurlar \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli \u201cL\u0259\u011fvetm\u0259 Komissiyas\u0131\u201d yarad\u0131lmal\u0131, proses \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259li v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi ara\u015fd\u0131rman\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Milli M\u0259clisin\u0259 t\u0259qdim edilm\u0259lidir. Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin tarixi-siyasi varisi kimi t\u0259l\u0259b h\u00fcququnun g\u00fcz\u0259\u015fti, y\u0259ni prosessual t\u0259l\u0259b h\u00fcququ, Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 daxildir v\u0259 bu h\u00fcquqdan is\u0259 beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcquq \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259lidir. H\u00fcquqi prosedurlar \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 apar\u0131lan ara\u015fd\u0131rmalara beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcquq \u00fczr\u0259 d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131nan v\u0259kill\u0259ri v\u0259 aliml\u0259ri d\u0259 c\u0259lb edilm\u0259si d\u0259 i\u015fin Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n xeyrin\u0259 h\u0259ll olunmas\u0131na yard\u0131m\u00e7\u0131 olacaq. Eyni zamanda AT\u018fT-in Minsk Qrupunun \u00fczvl\u0259ri il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar gedi\u015find\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259z\u0259li torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131 erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft etm\u0259sini onlar\u0131n n\u0259z\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u00fcz\u0259ril\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fckl\u0259ri Batum \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259ri d\u0259 h\u00fcquqi fakt kimi ortaya qoyulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Az\u0259rbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n bu Protokola s\u0259s vermi\u015f \u00fczvl\u0259rinin insani add\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n q\u0259sbkar mahiyy\u0259ti a\u015fkar edilm\u0259lidir. \u00c7\u00fcnki b\u00fct\u00fcn XX \u0259sr \u0259rzind\u0259 Erm\u0259nistanda Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 etnik t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259, deportasiya v\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dli q\u0259tll\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edilmi\u015fdir. K\u00fctl\u0259vi deportasiyalar ba\u015f verib v\u0259 tarixi abid\u0259l\u0259r da\u011f\u0131d\u0131l\u0131b. Bu g\u00fcn \u0130r\u0259vanda bir az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 bel\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131r. Bu is\u0259 n\u0259inki Batum m\u00fcqavil\u0259sinin, beyn\u0259lxalq humanitar h\u00fcququn, beyn\u0259lxalq m\u00fclkiyy\u0259t h\u00fcququnun v\u0259 varislik h\u00fcququnun kobud \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 pozulmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaur \u018fliyev
Siyasi elml\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru, dosent<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

AB\u015e tarix\u00e7isi David Fromkin \u201cM\u00fcharib\u0259y\u0259 son ver\u0259n s\u00fclh\u201d (David Fromkin, \u201cA Peace To End All Peace: The Fall of The Ottoman Empire and The<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-58473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=58473"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":58475,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/58473\/revisions\/58475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=58473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=58473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=58473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}