{"id":59329,"date":"2022-01-11T02:42:39","date_gmt":"2022-01-10T22:42:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=59329"},"modified":"2022-01-11T02:43:15","modified_gmt":"2022-01-10T22:43:15","slug":"avrosentrizmin-hind-avropa-yalani-turkluy%c9%99-qarsi-dusunulub","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=59329","title":{"rendered":"Avrosentrizmin Hind-Avropa yalan\u0131 T\u00fcrkl\u00fcy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcb"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Xaqani \u018fd\u0259bo\u011flu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az\u0259rbaycan V\u0259t\u0259n M\u00fcharib\u0259si Veteranlar\u0131 \u0130ctimai Birliyi (AVMV\u0130B) M\u0259tbuat Xidm\u0259tinin r\u0259hb\u0259ri<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Bu g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 A. Xazanov: «T\u00fcrk\u00fcn son 3000 ild\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri» adl\u0131 bir ara\u015fd\u0131rma yaz\u0131s\u0131 oxudum. \u00dcmum\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcrs\u0259k normal ara\u015fd\u0131rma saymaq olar. Amma s\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259r kimi eyni c\u0131\u011f\u0131ra meyillilik \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Y\u0259ni Avrosentrizmin uydurdu\u011fu tarixi yalanlar m\u00fc\u0259llifi yoldan azd\u0131r\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259llif h\u0259rbd\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259 olmas\u0131n\u0131, s\u00fcvarliyin, ox atman\u0131n, h\u0259rbi taktika v\u0259 s. t\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nildiyini dediyi bir m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 bar\u0131t\u0131n k\u0259\u015ffini apar\u0131b \u00e7inlil\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011flamas\u0131na tarixi m\u0259x\u0259zl\u0259r\u0259 uy\u011fun m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bildir\u0259c\u0259y\u0259m. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259lumat \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bildirim ki, Avrosentristl\u0259r \u00f6z yalanlar\u0131n\u0131, y\u0259ni Hind-Avropa termini ilk d\u0259f\u0259 1816-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Frans\u0131z Bopp t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ortaya atd\u0131lar. Bu terminin yan\u0131nda Avropal\u0131lar\u0131n Ari irqd\u0259n olduqlar\u0131, bu g\u00fcn \u0130ran, Tacikistan, Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq v\u0259 Qafqazda ya\u015fayan xalqlar\u0131n da b\u0259yaz olmalar\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259biyl\u0259 Ari say\u0131lmalar\u0131 laz\u0131m oldu\u011fu tezisi ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc v\u0259 ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Ellin sivilizasiyas\u0131na qo\u015fulma\u011f\u0131 planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Amma ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fckl\u0259ri tezisl\u0259rin s\u00f6yk\u0259ndiyi m\u00f6hk\u0259m m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r yox idi. Ari modelin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 qeyd edilm\u0259y\u0259n, guya \u015fimalda bir istila olmu\u015f v\u0259 i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131lar Egey, ya da «pre- Ellin» m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin\u0259 basq\u0131n edibl\u0259rmi\u015f. Yunan sivilizasiyas\u0131 Hind-Avropal\u0131 Ellinl\u0259r v\u0259 yerli t\u0259b\u0259\u0259l\u0259rin qar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 meydana g\u0259lmi\u015fdir. Ancaq \u0259vv\u0259ld\u0259n Ellin m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin\u0259 t\u0259siri olanlar Sami irqi deyil, Asiyadan g\u0259l\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259r oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcnc\u0259 Q\u0259rb xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n atalar\u0131 Q\u0259rb\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar\u0131n \u0259cdadlar\u0131n\u0131n proto-t\u00fcrk ola bilm\u0259l\u0259ri, Ellin v\u0259 Q\u0259rb sivilizasiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin t\u0259m\u0259lini bu xalq t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 .ba\u015fqa c\u00fcr gizl\u0259m\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u018fski \u00e7a\u011flar memarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n sonunda \u00fcnl\u00fc elm adamlar\u0131ndan Fergusson, «6000 il \u00f6nc\u0259 Avropada Aryanlar\u0131n deyil, Asiya k\u00f6k\u0259nli Turanl\u0131lar\u0131n h\u00f6kmran olduqlar\u0131n\u0131; Xristofor Kolombdan \u00e7ox daha \u00f6nc\u0259l\u0259r Berinq Bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k Amerika qit\u0259sini k\u0259\u015ff etmi\u015f olan, bu Asiya k\u00f6k\u0259nli Turanl\u0131lar\u0131n, \u00f6z inki\u015faf etmi\u015f m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rini v\u0259 inanclar\u0131n\u0131, minl\u0259rc\u0259 il \u00f6nc\u0259, Ortado\u011fu, Quzey Afrika, Avropa v\u0259 Amerika qit\u0259si daxil b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyaya yayd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131» elmi d\u0259lill\u0259rl\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259r \u00f6n\u00fcn\u0259 s\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k, «Aryan irq\u00e7iliyin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 Turan irqini ucaltd\u0131\u011f\u0131, Avropal\u0131n\u0131n atalar\u0131n\u0131n Hind-Avropal\u0131lar deyil, m\u0259hz Turanl\u0131 T\u00fcrkl\u0259r oldu\u011funu dediyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, «\u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 Kraliyy\u0259t Memarlar \u0130nstitutunun» (Royal Institute Of British Architects-R.I.B.A) Q\u0131z\u0131l Medal\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fckafatland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 (Taner \u00dcnal).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Avropada h\u0259r yerd\u0259 minl\u0259rc\u0259 il \u00f6nc\u0259 tikilmi\u015f da\u015f m\u0259zar v\u0259 kurqan varsa, o yerl\u0259rin adlar\u0131 \u0259ks\u0259r\u0259n sonu -«ak» sonlu\u011fu il\u0259 bit\u0259n T\u00fcrkc\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdi. M. Bertrand\u0131n 1864-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Fransan\u0131n 31 y\u00f6r\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259sbit etdiyi 2225 dolmenin 517-sinin adlar\u0131n\u0131n sonu T\u00fcrkc\u0259 «-ak» il\u0259 bit\u0259n yerl\u0259rd\u0259 tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Yer adlar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 apar\u0131lan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma titizlikl\u0259 s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259, minl\u0259rc\u0259 il \u00f6nc\u0259 qurulmu\u015f dolmenl\u0259rin tap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha \u00e7ox sayda yer ad\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkc\u0259 oldu\u011fu v\u0259 Avropan\u0131n Hind- Avropal\u0131lar \u00f6nc\u0259si Asiyadan g\u0259l\u0259n Turanl\u0131 T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin yurdu oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7\u0259yi ortaya \u00e7\u0131xacaqd\u0131. Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 bildirim ki, Az\u0259rbaycanda «-ak (-a\u011f)» il\u0259 ba\u015flanan yet\u0259rinc\u0259 toponiml\u0259rimiz var: \u00d6nc\u0259 Albaniya dediyimiz \u00f6lk\u0259nin ad\u0131 A\u011fv\u0259ng (A\u011fvang), A\u011fsu, A\u011fda\u015f, A\u011fdam, A\u011fd\u0259r\u0259, A\u011fcab\u0259di, A\u011fstafa, A\u011fo\u011flan, A\u011fbulaq v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Lakin T\u00fcrk-Turan izini silm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Avrosentristl\u0259r, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 frans\u0131zlar Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 y\u0259hudi-semit v\u0259 qondarma \u0130ran q\u0259dimliyini, \u00c7ind\u0259 is\u0259 \u00e7inli volyuntarizmini i\u015f\u0259 sald\u0131lar. Frans\u0131z m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r h\u0259tta «\u00c7ingiznam\u0259»nin orjinal\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7in dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k orjinal\u0131 yox etdil\u0259r v\u0259 bu g\u00fcn bisavadcas\u0131na i\u015fl\u0259tdiyimiz «monqol» ifad\u0259sini bizl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0131r\u0131d\u0131lar. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n o d\u00f6vr\u00fcn Rus s\u0259lnam\u0259sind\u0259 onlar haqq\u0131nda bel\u0259 deyilirdi: «O yaz, g\u00fcnahlar\u0131m\u0131z \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n kim olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 bilm\u0259diyimiz kafirl\u0259r g\u0259ldil\u0259r. He\u00e7 kim onlara dair he\u00e7 bir \u015fey bilmirdi. Kimdil\u0259r v\u0259 haradan g\u0259lirdil\u0259r, hans\u0131 dili dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar, hans\u0131 q\u0259bil\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259nsubdurlar v\u0259 n\u0259y\u0259 inan\u0131rd\u0131lar, kims\u0259 bilmirdi. Ancaq onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 Tatar idi». \u0130ll\u0259rdir ki, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 t\u00fcrk dey\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 anlada bilmirik ki, \u00c7ingizxan t\u00fcrkd\u00fcr. Bu «monqol» ad\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n biz\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259tm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ortaya at\u0131b. Eyni soydan olan Hind — Mo\u011fol h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 \u018fkb\u0259r \u015faha h\u0259sr olunmu\u015f «\u018fkb\u0259rnam\u0259» \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 (Abul Fazl Allami «Akbername» Samara 2003) \u00f6z soyunun O\u011fuzdan g\u0259ldiyini \u015f\u0259c\u0259r\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rib. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, R\u0259\u015fid \u0259l-Din d\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: «Bir \u00e7ox k\u00f6l\u0259l\u0259r \u00f6zl\u0259rini Tatar sayaraq v\u0259 Tatar ad\u0131n\u0131 almaqla b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u00fck v\u0259 \u015f\u0259r\u0259f \u0259ld\u0259 etdil\u0259r. Naymanlar, C\u0259layirl\u0259r, \u00d6ngitl\u0259r, Keraitl\u0259r v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n adl\u0131 ba\u015fqa q\u0259bil\u0259l\u0259r, \u00f6zl\u0259rini Mo\u011fol adland\u0131raraq \u015fan v\u0259 \u015f\u00f6hr\u0259t \u0259ld\u0259 etdil\u0259r. Bunlar\u0131n n\u0259v\u0259l\u0259ri is\u0259, \u0259slind\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 he\u00e7 bir zaman olmad\u0131qlar\u0131 bu ismi, g\u00fcya \u0259z\u0259ld\u0259n da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar kimi q\u0259bul etdil\u0259r»…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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M\u0259\u015fhur Rus-Sovet alimi, antropoloq Prof. V.P. Alekseyevin bu istiqam\u0259td\u0259 apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar v\u0259 onun fikirl\u0259ri d\u00fcnya aliml\u0259ri aras\u0131nda \u015f\u0259ksiz q\u0259bul edilir. O, deyirdi: «Andronovolar, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259, avropal\u0131 idil\u0259r. Onlara xas olan xarakteristik \u00fcz cizgil\u0259ri, bir n\u00f6qt\u0259d\u0259, b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fcasir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcz, tam \u015f\u0259kliyl\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259tta daha \u00e7ox \u0259ks olunmu\u015fdur. Klassik avropoid tipinin y\u00fczd\u0259 y\u00fcz v\u0259 q\u0259ti \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ridi, \u0259sas\u0259n Qafqazl\u0131lar\u0131n (Az\u0259rbaycan t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulur -X.\u018f.) \u00fcz cizgil\u0259rind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Avropal\u0131lar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti dikburun qurulu\u015flu v\u0259 sif\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 is\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, almac\u0131q s\u00fcm\u00fcyu yoxdur. Geni\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259, el\u0259 Qafqaz sakinl\u0259rinin \u00fczl\u0259rini xat\u0131rlad\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Lakin Avropal\u0131lar Afanasevodan daha geni\u015f sif\u0259t\u0259 malik idil\u0259r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Al\u0131nlar\u0131nda, g\u00f6zl\u0259rinin alt\u0131nda, qa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n uclar\u0131 daha g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 s\u0131x \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 k\u0259nara dart\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Kobud g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc, lakin g\u00f6z\u0259l, sa\u011flam b\u0259d\u0259nli v\u0259 m\u0259rd \u00e7\u00f6hr\u0259li idil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Onlar\u0131n, avrupal\u0131lar\u0131n, t\u0259k bir b\u00f6y\u00fck muhacir\u0259tl\u0259 v\u0259 ya m\u00fchacir\u0259t dalgalar\u0131 hal\u0131nda \u015f\u0259rq\u0259 do\u011fru g\u00fccl\u00fc bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 getm\u0259l\u0259rinin v\u0259 ya \u0259ksi olaraq g\u00f6rm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bunlar\u0131 da Andronovo m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259rini, guya c\u0259nub istiqam\u0259tin\u0259 aparan q\u0259dim Ari tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7m\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259b olub. Arinin Hindistana g\u0259lm\u0259si bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, q\u0259dim \u015f\u0259rq\u0259 s\u0131r\u0131nan \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli v\u0259 ya \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tsiz hadis\u0259l\u0259rin toplusudur». Bu \u0259sass\u0131z n\u0259z\u0259riy\u0259nin pu\u00e7lu\u011funu s\u00fcbut etm\u0259d\u0259n tarixi h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259ri ortaya qoymaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xat\u0131rlad\u0131m ki, bu Aryanizm n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 birinci el\u0259 hind alimi Swami Dayananda Sarasvrati \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131. Sarasvati, Aryani istilas\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sini r\u0259dd ed\u0259rk\u0259n vedalarda ad\u0131 ke\u00e7\u0259n «Arya» s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn bir yar\u0131\u015f v\u0259 ya xalqla deyil, \u0259xlaq v\u0259 ad\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar oldu\u011funu isbat etdi. Swami Dayananda, m\u00f6vzuyla \u0259laq\u0259dar bir konqresd\u0259, bel\u0259 demi\u015fdi: «Avropal\u0131 ustadlar\u0131 sizl\u0259r\u0259, yad ell\u0259rd\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n Aril\u0259rin \u00f6lk\u0259ni \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hakimiyy\u0259t t\u0259sis etdikl\u0259rini v\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 yer a\u00e7maq m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 yerlil\u0259ri t\u0259\u015fkil etdikl\u0259rini izah edirl\u0259r. Bunlar axmaq, nadan bir \u015feydir! Amma bizim Hindistan ziyal\u0131lar\u0131 onlara «Amin» dey\u0259r\u0259k, onlara d\u0259st\u0259k olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 anlamaq olmur! Amma onlar, b\u00fct\u00fcn bu yalanlar\u0131 u\u015faqlar\u0131m\u0131za \u00f6yr\u0259dir. Aril\u0259rin xaricd\u0259n g\u0259ldiyini s\u00fcbut etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259k bir d\u0259n\u0259 d\u0259 d\u0259lil yoxdur. Hindistan\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 Aridir. Bax m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 budur!»<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Swaminin s\u00f6zl\u0259ri ayd\u0131n v\u0259 m\u0259nal\u0131d\u0131r. Onun dem\u0259k ist\u0259diyi, \u0130ngilisl\u0259rin uzaq babalar\u0131n\u0131n he\u00e7 bir zaman Hindistanda olmad\u0131qlar\u0131 v\u0259 bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n n\u0259v\u0259l\u0259rinin bu \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 istila\u00e7\u0131 olaraq g\u0259ldikl\u0259ri dem\u0259kdi. Bu n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259nin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck ustas\u0131 say\u0131lan Maks M\u00fcller deyirdi: «Biz \u0130ngilisl\u0259r, biz q\u0259rblil\u0259r, bu torpaqlar\u0131n \u0259sil sahibl\u0259riy\u0131k. Bura i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131 kimi g\u0259lm\u0259dik. Sad\u0259c\u0259 V\u0259t\u0259n\u0259 d\u00f6nd\u00fck». Mahatma Qandi \u00f6z v\u0259siyy\u0259tind\u0259 yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131: «Bilin ki, biz d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n m\u0259d\u0259ni v\u0259 \u0259n q\u0259hr\u0259man xalq\u0131 olan t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259nsubuq». Yaxud da \u201cHindistan bir anad\u0131r. Onun iki \u00f6vlad\u0131 var.<\/em><\/strong> Bunlar\u0131n biri t\u00fcrkl\u0259r, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 hindlil\u0259rdir\u201d<\/em><\/strong> (Mahatma Qandi<\/em><\/strong>).B\u00fct\u00fcn hind eposlar\u0131nda \u015fimaldan g\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259rin t\u00fcrkl\u0259r olmas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir…<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Rusiyan\u0131n T\u00fcrkistan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259si iddialar\u0131 da eyni idi. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, Orta v\u0259 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya, dig\u0259r T\u00fcrk v\u0259t\u0259nl\u0259ri v\u0259 Hindistan Ari v\u0259t\u0259nidir, ancaq haradan g\u0259ldikl\u0259ri bilinm\u0259y\u0259n qeyri xalqlar (t\u00fcrkl\u0259r v\u0259 hindlil\u0259r) g\u0259lm\u0259dirl\u0259r v\u0259 zavall\u0131 Aril\u0259ri \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcb torpaqlar\u0131na \u0259l qoyublar!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u0130ndi erm\u0259nil\u0259rin frans\u0131zlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n uydurulmu\u015f «b\u00f6y\u00fck erm\u0259nistan», «armenoid» kimi qondarma iddialar\u0131n ortaya at\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 g\u00fclm\u0259li bir \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 min illikl\u0259r boyu d\u00fcnyaya h\u00f6km etmi\u015f T\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 v\u0259 Q\u0259rbd\u0259 eyni qaydada «g\u0259lm\u0259» hesab edilm\u0259sinin m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259ri sizl\u0259r\u0259 ayd\u0131n olsun dey\u0259 bunlar\u0131 \u015f\u0259rh edir\u0259m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Bunlar\u0131 geni\u015f \u015f\u0259rh etm\u0259kd\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dim, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi avrosentrist tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin dey\u0259 bilm\u0259dikl\u0259rini diqq\u0259tiniz\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131rmaqd\u0131. Y\u0259ni konkret bir fakt \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 biz\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f yalan\u0131n mahiyy\u0259tini sizl\u0259r\u0259 a\u00e7maqd\u0131. A. Xazanovun m\u0259qal\u0259sinin \u015f\u0259rhind\u0259 bu bar\u0259d\u0259 faktlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131qlayaca\u011fam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


A. Xazanov: «T\u00fcrk\u00fcn son 3000 ild\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri»<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Avrasiya \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fayan t\u00fcrk c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259ri kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fk\u0259n idil\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n s\u00fcvaril\u0259ri onlara ba\u015fqalar\u0131ndan \u00e7ox \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259r verdi, \u0259sas\u0259n d\u0259 oturaq c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259. Zamanla t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7oxlu qon\u015fular\u0131ndan, atl\u0131 s\u00fcvaril\u0259rd\u0259n, \u0259n mobil d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f b\u00f6lm\u0259si kimi istifad\u0259 edilirdi…<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ancaq Q\u0259rbi Avropal\u0131lar he\u00e7 vaxt t\u00fcrk atl\u0131 oxatanlar\u0131 kimi atma\u011f\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259 bilm\u0259di. \u0130slamdan \u0259vv\u0259lki \u018fr\u0259bistanda s\u00fcvaril\u0259r ikinci d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259li rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Xilaf\u0259tin quruldu\u011fu d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259, t\u00fcrk t\u0259siri il\u0259 \u018fr\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259 ox\u00e7uluq g\u00fccl\u00fc inki\u015faf etmi\u015fdir. Birinci x\u0259lif\u0259, Avrasiya \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259rind\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259n t\u00fcrk qullar\u0131ndan t\u0259\u015fkil olunmu\u015f b\u00f6y\u00fck bir \u015f\u0259xsi qo\u015fun yaratd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ind\u0259 s\u00fcvaril\u0259r yaln\u0131z eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l IV \u0259srd\u0259n etibar\u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t qazand\u0131. Bir qayda olaraq, s\u00fcvaril\u0259r \u0259sas\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259rd\u0259n c\u0259lb olunurdu. Li Yuan t\u00fcrk s\u00fcvaril\u0259rinin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 618-ci ild\u0259 Tan s\u00fclal\u0259si bunu t\u0259sis edib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


At s\u00fcrm\u0259k bir \u00e7ox oturaq d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin v\u0259 insanlar\u0131n siyasi m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259sir etmi\u015fdir. \u00c7oxlu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn misallardan yaln\u0131z birini verm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, buynuzdan (v\u0259 ya s\u00fcm\u00fckd\u0259n), a\u011facdan v\u0259 s. haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f oxlarla birlikd\u0259 cilalanm\u0131\u015f v\u0259t\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n d\u00fcz\u0259lmi\u015f m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b yay\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259rik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On doqquzuncu \u0259sr\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r, at belind\u0259, h\u0259tta k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259r bel\u0259 ondan ustal\u0131qla istifad\u0259 edirdil\u0259r. Zamanla k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri atl\u0131lar b\u00fct\u00fcn Avrasiyada v\u0259 ya m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 bu n\u00f6v m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b kaman v\u0259 oxu, h\u0259m d\u0259 atl\u0131 ox\u00e7ulu\u011fun yerli \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 \u201cskif\u201d, sonralar \u201chun\u201d, daha sonralar \u201ct\u00fcrk-monqol\u201d yaylar\u0131ndan uzun \u0259srl\u0259r boyu Orta Asiyada, Aral\u0131q d\u0259nizi \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259, m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Avropada istifad\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri atl\u0131 oxatanlar\u0131n xarakterik d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f taktikas\u0131 oxlar\u0131n f\u0131rlanmas\u0131 v\u0259 geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259, d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259ni erk\u0259n h\u00fccuma v\u0259 t\u0259qib\u0259 c\u0259lb etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn edilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


H\u00fccum dayansayd\u0131 bel\u0259, oxatanlar t\u0259krar-t\u0259krar h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7\u0259rdil\u0259r, ox atard\u0131lar v\u0259 sonda m\u00fctt\u0259fiq geri \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259rdi. S\u00fcr\u0259tli h\u00fccumlar, at belind\u0259 ox at\u0131\u015flar\u0131, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif f\u0259ndl\u0259r, x\u00fcsus\u0259n stimulyasiya edilmi\u015f u\u00e7u\u015flar, pusqular v\u0259 cinah manevrl\u0259ri t\u0259xmin\u0259n 2000 il istifad\u0259 olunmaqdad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla bel\u0259, yunanlar\u0131n Ponta v\u0259 farslarla m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirdikl\u0259rind\u0259n Orta Asiya k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259ri a\u011f\u0131r v\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 nizam-intizaml\u0131 piyadalarla daha yax\u015f\u0131 i\u015f g\u00f6r\u0259 bil\u0259rdil\u0259r. Atl\u0131 oxatanlar daha u\u011furla m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bil\u0259rdil\u0259r. Bu, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Makedoniyal\u0131 \u0130sk\u0259nd\u0259r y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri v\u0259 daha sonra Ellinizm d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcruz\u0259 verdi. Strabon (VII, 3, 17) h\u0259r hans\u0131 barbar ordusunun yax\u015f\u0131 silahlanm\u0131\u015f cinah\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 aciz olmalar\u0131 fikrini m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edirdi. \u0130nki\u015faf a\u011f\u0131r s\u00fcvaril\u0259rin meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu, \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi olaraq bunlar, katafraktlar adlan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Atl\u0131 oxatanlar uzun niz\u0259 v\u0259 q\u0131l\u0131ncl\u0131 zirehli s\u00fcvaril\u0259rl\u0259 tamamlan\u0131rd\u0131. Y\u00fcng\u00fcl s\u00fcvaril\u0259r h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7ib d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u0259n geri \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259 bils\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259nd\u0259n geri \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259rk\u0259n (bu taktika \u201cskif\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201cparfiya\u201d at\u0259\u015fi adlan\u0131r) geri \u00e7\u0259kilib yenid\u0259n vuru\u015fa bils\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, a\u011f\u0131r s\u00fcvaril\u0259r yax\u0131n birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259d\u0259 h\u00fccumlara v\u0259 \u0259lb\u0259yaxa d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 arxalan\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bununla bel\u0259, s\u00fcvaril\u0259rin a\u011f\u0131r zirehl\u0259ri, b\u0259z\u0259n is\u0259 onlar\u0131n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f atlar\u0131 bahal\u0131 idi, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 zireh geyin\u0259n atl\u0131lar h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 az olurdu. D\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r s\u00fcvaril\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 y\u00fcng\u00fcl s\u00fcvaril\u0259rl\u0259 taktiki birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259sirli idi: ordunun m\u0259rk\u0259zind\u0259 zirehli atl\u0131lar v\u0259 cinahlarda atl\u0131 oxatanlar dayan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u0130stisna etm\u0259k olmaz ki, katafrakt s\u00fcvaril\u0259ri ilk d\u0259f\u0259 yunan a\u011f\u0131r piyadalar\u0131 il\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Orta Asiya k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r, lakin Avrasiya \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259rinin, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 q\u0259rb b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n olan k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259r (sarmatlar) da bu d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 i\u015ftirak edirdil\u0259r. Eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l III \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda Orta Asiya m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri xalq olan \u018fh\u0259m\u0259nil\u0259r \u0130ran \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z h\u00f6kmranl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 qurdular, \u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 bir \u00e7ox m\u0259nal\u0131 m\u00fcharib\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini g\u0259tirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Katafraktlar\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259rin \u015f\u0259rq hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259rb b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 eyni vaxtda meydana g\u0259ldiyin\u0259 dair h\u0259l\u0259 he\u00e7 bir m\u0259lumat yoxdur. Hun ordular\u0131nda onlar\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu \u00e7ox \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259lidir. M\u00fcmk\u00fcn anla\u015f\u0131lmazl\u0131qlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn vur\u011fulamaq ist\u0259yir\u0259m ki, m\u0259n ordunun x\u00fcsusi qolu kimi a\u011f\u0131r s\u00fcvaril\u0259ri n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tuturam.
Y\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rin iki \u0259sas n\u00f6v\u00fc var: yast\u0131ql\u0131 y\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259r v\u0259 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259li y\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ard\u0131 var<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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