{"id":6103,"date":"2020-05-16T01:52:06","date_gmt":"2020-05-15T21:52:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=6103"},"modified":"2020-05-16T01:58:07","modified_gmt":"2020-05-15T21:58:07","slug":"erm%c9%99nil%c9%99rin-rus-carina-h%c9%99diyy%c9%99si","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=6103","title":{"rendered":"ERM\u018fN\u0130L\u018fR\u0130N RUS \u00c7ARINA H\u018fD\u0130YY\u018fS\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Rusiya adlanan co\u011frafi m\u0259kan\u0131n XVII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Q\u0259rbin n\u00fcfuz dair\u0259sin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sinin bariz n\u00fcmun\u0259si, yad m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li Romanov s\u00fclal\u0259sinin taxta \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu. <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Formala\u015fan yeni d\u00f6vl\u0259t, Q\u0259rbin \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259ki i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131 siyas\u0259tind\u0259 al\u0259t rolunu oynama\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130\u015ftismar dunyas\u0131nda bu g\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r v\u0259h\u015filiyi v\u0259 hiyl\u0259g\u0259rliyi il\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc qoruyub saxlayan anqlo-saks s\u0131yas\u0259t\u0131, h\u0259r co\u011frafiyada oldu\u011fu kimi, bu m\u0259kanda da inamli add\u0131mlar atma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osmanl\u0131 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259sinin Aral\u0131q d\u0259nizind\u0259ki g\u00fcc\u00fc Cin v\u0259 Hindistanla olan ticar\u0259ti b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259kd\u0259 avropal\u0131lara mene olurdu. Onlar \u015f\u0259rq\u0259 yeni yollar axtar\u0131rd\u0131lar. Bel\u0259 mar\u015furutlardan biri Rusiyan\u0131n \u015fimal\u0131nda olan Arxangelsk liman\u0131ndan ba\u015flamal\u0131 idi. Bu liman ingilisl\u0259rin \u0259lin\u0259 ke\u00e7s\u0259 (dinc v\u0259 ya h\u0259rbi yolla), Volqa cay\u0131 v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi vasit\u0259si il\u0259 \u0130rana c\u0131x\u0131\u015f yaranar, «\u0130p\u0259k yolu» n\u0259zar\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259rdi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ran\u0131n T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 il\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u00e7iliyi bu plan\u0131n asanl\u0131qla h\u0259yata ke\u00e7m\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k etdi. Yaranm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259n erm\u0259ni icmas\u0131 da m\u0259har\u0259tl\u0259 istifad\u0259 etdi. Ticar\u0259td\u0259 \u0259sas r\u0259qibl\u0259ri olan yahudil\u0259ri Rusian\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yin\u0259 arxalanaraq \u00fcst\u0259l\u0259dil\u0259r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do\u011frudur, q\u0131sa bir zamanda qaydalara riay\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r (topdan sat\u0131\u015f \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259, \u00f6zl\u0259ri p\u0259rak\u0259nd\u0259 sat\u0131\u015fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar) oyundan k\u0259nar edildil\u0259r. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buna baxmayaraq q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259tli olsa da, Q\u0259rbin Hindistanla ticar\u0259tind\u0259 birincilik qazana bildil\u0259r. Q\u0259rb\u0259 y\u00fck da\u015f\u0131yan g\u0259mil\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti CULFALI erm\u0259ni tacirl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259xsus idi. Rus \u00e7ar\u0131na h\u0259diyy\u0259 veril\u0259n bu taxt, erm\u0259niler t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n siyasi gedi\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259n biri idi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

*******<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aleksey Mixaylovi\u00e7 (1629 — 1676) taxta \u00e7\u0131xandan sonra erm\u0259ni m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li fars tacirl\u0259ri Rusiyaya maraq g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. 1659-cu ild\u0259 \u0130ran \u015eah\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259rg\u0259rl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0130sfahanda d\u00fcz\u0259ldilmi\u015f almaz taxt, erm\u0259ni Ticar\u0259t \u015eirk\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n krala t\u0259qdim edildi. Erm\u0259ni tacirl\u0259ri d\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259 ticar\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcxt\u0259lif g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ftl\u0259r v\u0259 imtiyazlar almaqda \u00e7ox maraql\u0131 idil\u0259r. Arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259n birind\u0259 qeyd olunur ki, \u201c1660-c\u0131 ild\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Knyaz \u00c7ar Aleksey Mixaylovi\u00e7 Q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f \u015eah\u0131na, yax\u0131n adam Modevletov, erm\u0259ni taciri Zaxari Saradarov t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n darekd\u0259 vuruldu: q\u0131z\u0131l suyuna sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f xa\u00e7dan, da\u015fdan, brilyantdan, yaqutdan v\u0259 fil s\u00fcm\u00fckl\u00fcl\u0259rd\u0259n idi. Qiym\u0259ti 22591 alt\u0131n idi.»<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taxt\u0131 b\u0259z\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn erm\u0259ni tacirl\u0259ri Hindistanda \u00e7ox sayda qiym\u0259tli da\u015f, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n 800 g\u00f6z\u0259l brilyant ald\u0131lar. Taxt q\u0131z\u0131l basma v\u0259 qiym\u0259tli da\u015flarla b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015fdi. Oturaca\u011f\u0131 saxlayan d\u00f6rd s\u00fctun, arxa k\u00fcr\u0259kliy\u0259 daha iki s\u00fctun qoyulmu\u015fdu. Qara m\u0259xm\u0259r ip\u0259k v\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131ldan i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015fdi (b\u0259z\u0259n inci il\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015fdi), iki m\u0259l\u0259k \u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 boru tutur, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 inci v\u0259 qiym\u0259tli da\u015flarla tac\u0131 saxlay\u0131rd\u0131. Tacda 21 brilyant, 28 yaqut, iki yer bo\u015fluq v\u0259 iri incil\u0259rin \u00fc\u00e7 torunda 105 bu\u011fda vard\u0131. Yaqutlar v\u0259 incil\u0259r m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259rin sin\u0259l\u0259ri b\u0259z\u0259dilib. Onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda incil\u0259rl\u0259 (162 d\u0259n\u0259 ki\u00e7ik inci) h\u0259kk edilmi\u015f bir yaz\u0131 var: «\u018fn g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 yenilm\u0259z Muskoviya, imperator Aleksey\u0259 etibarl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yer \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 h\u00f6kmranl\u0131q etm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu taxt b\u00f6y\u00fck bir s\u0259n\u0259t hal\u0131na g\u0259ldi; Qoy \u0259b\u0259di xo\u015fb\u0259xtliyin hakimiyy\u0259ti daim \u00fcz\u0259rinizd\u0259 olsun. M\u0259sihin 1659-cu ili.»<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0259r bir almaz c\u0259rg\u0259sind\u0259ki s\u00fctunlar\u0131n yan k\u0259narlar\u0131nda on \u00fc\u00e7 brilyant, almaz zolaqlar aras\u0131nda ortada on \u00fc\u00e7 q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 brilyant v\u0259 qarnir vard\u0131r. Yuxar\u0131da ayr\u0131 bir dola\u015f\u0131qda firuz\u0259yi d\u0259std\u0259n ibar\u0259t bir \u00e7arpaz, xa\u00e7\u0131n ortas\u0131nda is\u0259 d\u00f6rd brilyant q\u0131z\u0131l yuvalarla m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirilmi\u015fdir. \u00dcst v\u0259 yan brilyantlar oval \u015f\u0259klind\u0259, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 hiss\u0259si is\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7bucaql\u0131d\u0131r. 54 b\u00f6y\u00fck brilyant v\u0259 62 ki\u00e7ik olan, firuz\u0259 d\u0259stind\u0259n v\u0259 aralar\u0131ndak\u0131 iki ox\u015far ulduz \u015f\u0259killi xa\u00e7\u0131n \u011ftraf\u0131nda m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taxt\u0131n \u00f6n t\u0259r\u0259fi d\u0259 qiym\u0259tli da\u015flarla b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015fdir: 876 brilyant v\u0259 1224 dig\u0259r qiym\u0259tli da\u015f burada b\u0259rkidilmi\u015fdir — yaqutlar, z\u00fcmr\u00fcdl\u0259r v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri. Bunlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 incil\u0259r d\u0259 \u00e7oxdur. Yanlar\u0131nda qu\u015flar, heyvanlar, bitkil\u0259r v\u0259 ov s\u0259hn\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259svir olunan heyr\u0259tamiz \u0130ran miniat\u00fcrl\u0259ri yerl\u0259\u015fdirilib. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Almaz taxt\u0131n\u0131n bo\u015fluqlar\u0131 v\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u015f\u0259rq \u00fcslublu fiqurlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n do\u011franm\u0131\u015f q\u0131z\u0131lla b\u0259z\u0259dilib. Almaz taxt\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n ba\u015f\u0131nda, H\u0259vari Pyotrun v\u0259 M\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s Ecazkar Nikolay\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131l fiqurlar\u0131 var v\u0259 arxa t\u0259r\u0259fin t\u0259n ortas\u0131nda ikiba\u015fl\u0131 qartal is\u0259 sonradan Rusiyada qoyulub. 26 may 1896-c\u0131 il tacqoyma m\u0259rasimind\u0259 bu taxtda oturan Rusiyan\u0131n son imperatoru Nikolay olub. Sovet hakimiyy\u0259tinin qurulmas\u0131n\u0131n ilk d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 almazlar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si o\u011furlanaraq Rusiyadan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taxt Kremlin silah palatas\u0131nda saxlan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u041d\u0430<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Eldar Ta\u011f\u0131yev
Ukrayna<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rusiya adlanan co\u011frafi m\u0259kan\u0131n XVII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Q\u0259rbin n\u00fcfuz dair\u0259sin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sinin bariz n\u00fcmun\u0259si, yad m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li Romanov s\u00fclal\u0259sinin taxta \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 oldu. Formala\u015fan yeni d\u00f6vl\u0259t, Q\u0259rbin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6103"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6106,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6103\/revisions\/6106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}