{"id":64663,"date":"2022-03-11T02:22:54","date_gmt":"2022-03-10T22:22:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=64663"},"modified":"2022-03-11T02:22:57","modified_gmt":"2022-03-10T22:22:57","slug":"mugan-sovet-respublikasi-tarixi-v%c9%99-mahiyy%c9%99ti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=64663","title":{"rendered":"MU\u011eAN SOVET RESPUBL\u0130KASI: TAR\u0130X\u0130 V\u018f MAH\u0130YY\u018fT\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>I H\u0130SS\u018f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>M\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi, 1828-ci il fevral\u0131n 10-da Rusiya imperiyas\u0131 il\u0259 Qacarlar M\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259ti aras\u0131nda ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259n sonra \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259rb torpaqlar\u0131na T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 v\u0259 \u0130randan xeyli hay (erm\u0259ni) k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcb Az\u0259rbaycanla T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 aras\u0131nda bufer zonas\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Lakin imperiya bununla kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259mi\u015fdi. 1838-ci ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n L\u0259nk\u0259ran-Mu\u011fan b\u00f6lg\u0259sinin ruslarla m\u0259skunla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131. \u0130mperiyan\u0131n r\u0259smi dinini \u2013 Rus pravoslav kils\u0259sini tan\u0131mayan, xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, pravoslavl\u0131\u011f\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u0259riq\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 etiqad ed\u0259n ruslar\u0131 buraya k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u0259n m\u00fctl\u0259qiyy\u0259t a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259ri g\u00fcd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Etibars\u0131z hesab etdiyi elementl\u0259ri Rusiyan\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi quberniyalar\u0131ndan uzaqla\u015fd\u0131rmaq;<\/li><li>Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131larla Qacarlar M\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259ti aras\u0131nda bufer zonas\u0131 yaratmaq.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>1913-c\u00fc ilin statistik m\u0259lumatlar\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n, Mu\u011fandak\u0131 55 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259n az\u0131 20.000 rus ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. Dig\u0259r m\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259, b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ruslar\u0131n say\u0131 50.000 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7ox idi. Rus k\u0259ndl\u0259ri az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n otlaq sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 sal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 yerli \u0259hali il\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda tez-tez m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259l\u0259r ba\u015f verirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1917-ci ilin oktyabr \u00e7evrili\u015find\u0259n sonra Osmanl\u0131 c\u0259bh\u0259sind\u0259n geri d\u00f6n\u0259n rus h\u0259rb\u00e7il\u0259rinin bir hiss\u0259si v\u0259 xeyli silahl\u0131 erm\u0259ni Mu\u011fan-L\u0259nk\u0259ran zonas\u0131na g\u0259ldi. 1918-ci ilin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259hz onlar\u0131n t\u0259hriki v\u0259 bilavasit\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 b\u00f6lg\u0259nin m\u00fcs\u0259lman k\u0259ndl\u0259rin\u0259 qanl\u0131 h\u00fccumlar t\u0259\u015fkil olundu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1918-ci il fevral\u0131n 25-d\u0259 1000 n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 yax\u0131n ke\u00e7mi\u015f \u00e7ar h\u0259rb\u00e7isind\u0259n ibar\u0259t g\u00fccl\u00fc birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259 indiki C\u0259lilabad v\u0259 Bil\u0259suvar rayonlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman k\u0259ndl\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259fil basq\u0131n etdi. X\u0131rmandal\u0131, T\u0259kl\u0259, Alar, Zopun, G\u00fcll\u00fc k\u0259ndl\u0259ri, \u00fcmumilikd\u0259 20 ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259si yand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131, xeyli qad\u0131n v\u0259 u\u015faq q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirildi. Z\u0259rb\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259z v\u0259 sars\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 olsa da yerli \u0259halinin m\u00fcqavim\u0259t \u0259zmi s\u0131nmad\u0131. Art\u0131q fevral\u0131n 27-d\u0259 C\u0259lilabad\u0131n S\u0259rh\u0259dabad k\u0259ndi \u0259traf\u0131nda qanl\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar qalib g\u0259ldil\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan s\u00fcvaril\u0259rinin \u015fidd\u0259tli h\u0259ml\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n \u00e7oxlu itki verib geri \u00e7\u0259kildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Ha\u015fiy\u0259.<\/span><\/strong> <strong>A\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n m\u0259\u011flub oldu\u011fu d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n komandiri rus ordusunun sabiq rotmistri (kapitan\u0131) Maliyev idi. Diqq\u0259t\u0259layiqdir ki, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fm\u0131\u015f a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131 zabit Vasiliy Alekseyevi\u00e7 Dobr\u0131nin (?\u20131957) kapitan Maliyevi \u0259la zabit v\u0259 \u0259v\u0259zolunmaz yolda\u015f kimi xarakteriz\u0259 etmi\u015f, onun q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar ba\u015flayan kimi tatarlar\u0131n (az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n) t\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 ke\u00e7diyini g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. Ehtimal\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6r\u0259, kapitan Maliyev milliyy\u0259tc\u0259 tatar v\u0259 ya qazax idi.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u0259min qanl\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259rin i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015f rus zabiti V.A.Dobr\u0131nin yaz\u0131r: \u201cO vaxt Mu\u011fanda ba\u015f ver\u0259nl\u0259ri m\u00fcharib\u0259 adland\u0131rmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Bizim d\u0259st\u0259d\u0259n ba\u015fqa, b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0259ndl\u0259rin ki\u015fil\u0259ri (a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131 ruslar) \u00f6z ail\u0259l\u0259ri, arvad v\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u00f6zba\u015f\u0131na aya\u011fa qalxaraq tatar aullar\u0131n\u0131 darmada\u011f\u0131n etdil\u0259r. Bu, d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli v\u0259 iyr\u0259nc bir hadis\u0259 idi. Cinsind\u0259n v\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olmayaraq ham\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Hamil\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131 s\u00fcng\u00fc il\u0259 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirir, k\u00f6rp\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 t\u00fcf\u0259ngin qunda\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259zir, qar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131na \u00e7\u0131xan b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0259ndl\u0259ri yand\u0131r\u0131b qar\u0259t edirdil\u0259r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259l\u0259rin aciz v\u0259 lal \u015fahidi olmaq bizim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusil\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r idi. Zabitl\u0259rd\u0259n hans\u0131sa bu biab\u0131r\u00e7\u0131l\u0131qlara d\u00f6zm\u0259yib mu\u011fanl\u0131lar\u0131 (a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131 ruslar\u0131) dayand\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131sa, onlar az qala ham\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 satq\u0131n hesab edir v\u0259 anlaya bilmirdil\u0259r ki, \u0259g\u0259r indi \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz (rus zabitl\u0259ri) quldurlar\u0131 (dinc m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131) m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ediriks\u0259, onda Mu\u011fana n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u0259lmi\u015fik. Onlar qabal\u0131q edir v\u0259 deyirdil\u0259r: \u018fg\u0259r s\u0259nin ruslardan daha \u00e7ox tatarlara yaz\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u0259lirs\u0259, onda onlar\u0131n yan\u0131na \u00e7\u0131x get. Bizim bel\u0259 xilaskarlara ehtiyac\u0131m\u0131z yoxdur. Aciz qad\u0131n v\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131n q\u0259tlini \u015f\u0259r\u0259fsiz v\u0259 al\u00e7aq \u0259m\u0259l adland\u0131rd\u0131qda is\u0259 mu\u011fanl\u0131lar (a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131lar) q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259nirdil\u0259r\u201d. Qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, 1918-ci ilin qanl\u0131 mart soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 da L\u0259nk\u0259ran-Mu\u011fan b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259n yan \u00f6tm\u0259di. O m\u0259\u015fum g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 da\u015fnaklardan, a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131lardan v\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t quldur d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri minl\u0259rl\u0259 g\u00fcnahs\u0131z insan\u0131 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-3 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Azerbaijani_soldiers_during_Lenkoran_operation.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"64664\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=64664\" class=\"wp-image-64664\"\/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"64665\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=64665\" class=\"wp-image-64665\"\/><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/b53ae8c4e1f13a24ee89883c51f18ca8_800.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"64666\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/b53ae8c4e1f13a24ee89883c51f18ca8_800.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=64666\" class=\"wp-image-64666\"\/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>1918-ci il avqustun 1-d\u0259 Mu\u011fan M\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti H\u0259rbi Diktaturas\u0131 adl\u0131 qondarma qurum t\u0259sis edildi. Bu \u201cd\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u201d m\u0259rk\u0259zi indiki C\u0259lilabad rayonunun Pri\u015fib (G\u00f6yt\u0259p\u0259) k\u0259ndi, \u201cr\u0259smi dili\u201d is\u0259 rusca idi. Separat\u00e7\u0131lara a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131 general Denikin k\u00f6m\u0259k edirdi. 1918-ci ilin avqust ay\u0131ndan sonra s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n saxta rejimin 10.000-d\u0259k d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc, 16 topu, 40 pulemyotu, 3 zirehli ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131, 2 s\u00fcr\u0259tli d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f kateri, 2 hidroplan\u0131 vard\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Ha\u015fiy\u0259.<\/span> H\u0259m a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131 general Denikin, h\u0259m d\u0259 Sovet Rusiyas\u0131 Mu\u011fana g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k plasdarm kimi bax\u0131rd\u0131lar. Onlar \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 burada m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259k, sonra is\u0259 d\u0259niz yolu\u00a0 vasit\u0259sil\u0259 Mu\u011fan-L\u0259nk\u0259ran zonas\u0131na iri qo\u015fun hiss\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131b Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin\u0259 eyni vaxtda \u015fimaldan v\u0259 c\u0259nubdan z\u0259rb\u0259 endirm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdil\u0259r. Lakin Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi onlar\u0131n niyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n agah idi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Mu\u011fan\u0131n rus separat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 f\u0259al t\u0259dbirl\u0259r h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259di. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 Britaniyan\u0131n Bak\u0131dak\u0131 h\u0259rbi qubernatoru general Vilyam Tomson (1877\u20131963) Az\u0259rbaycandak\u0131 rus zabitl\u0259rin\u0259 silahl\u0131 qruplar yaratma\u011f\u0131 qada\u011fan etdi. Sonra Lazar Bi\u00e7eraxovun (1882\u20131952) kazak d\u0259st\u0259sini v\u0259 a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131 general Denikinin (1872\u20131947) n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tini Az\u0259rbaycandan qovdu. \u0130ngilisl\u0259rin n\u00f6vb\u0259ti add\u0131m\u0131 ke\u00e7mi\u015f Rusiya imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259r donanmas\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131 liman\u0131ndak\u0131 h\u0259rbi g\u0259mil\u0259rinin t\u0259rkisilah edilm\u0259si oldu. N\u0259hay\u0259t, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n h\u00fcquq-m\u00fchafiz\u0259 orqanlar\u0131 Mu\u011fan separat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na 2 milyon rubl yard\u0131m aparan denikin\u00e7i general Erdelini saxlay\u0131b h\u0259min pulu m\u00fcsadir\u0259 etdil\u0259r. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Mu\u011fanda a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131 rejimin m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu \u0259razi blokadaya al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Maliyy\u0259 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n m\u0259hrum olmu\u015f Mu\u011fan M\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti H\u0259rbi Diktaturas\u0131 1919-cu il aprelin 24-d\u0259 s\u00fcqut etdi. \u018fslind\u0259 is\u0259 iflasa u\u011frayan t\u0259kc\u0259 a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n qondarma rejimi deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 Mu\u011fan separat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n arzu v\u0259 x\u0259yallar\u0131 idi. Lakin fanatizm v\u0259 t\u0259k\u0259bb\u00fcrd\u0259n do\u011fan ist\u0259kl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d qoymaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259 ideyalar onlar\u0131n sahibl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li olur. Situasiyadan m\u0259har\u0259tl\u0259 istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n bol\u015fevikl\u0259r f\u00fcrs\u0259ti fot\u0259 verm\u0259yib 1919-cu il aprelin 25-d\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdil\u0259r. 1919-cu il may\u0131n 15-d\u0259 Mu\u011fan Sovet Respublikas\u0131 quruldu. MSR-in ordusu 6.000-d\u0259n \u00e7ox d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcd\u0259n, 9 topdan, 3 hidroplandan, zirehli avtomobill\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi. Qondarma respublika L\u0259nk\u0259ran\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259z elan etdi. Sovet Rusiyas\u0131 Mu\u011fan bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin\u0259 qo\u015fun hiss\u0259l\u0259ri, pul v\u0259 silah-sursat g\u00f6nd\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ard\u0131 var&#8230;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u00fc\u0259llif: Milli Kimlik Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 Qrupunun \u00fczv\u00fc <span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Araz \u015e\u0259hrili<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I H\u0130SS\u018f M\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi, 1828-ci il fevral\u0131n 10-da Rusiya imperiyas\u0131 il\u0259 Qacarlar M\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259ti aras\u0131nda ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay m\u00fcqavil\u0259sind\u0259n sonra \u00e7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259rb torpaqlar\u0131na<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-64663","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kos"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=64663"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64663\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":64668,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/64663\/revisions\/64668"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=64663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=64663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=64663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}