{"id":66224,"date":"2022-03-31T00:46:20","date_gmt":"2022-03-30T20:46:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=66224"},"modified":"2022-03-31T00:46:25","modified_gmt":"2022-03-30T20:46:25","slug":"unutma-31-mart-az%c9%99rbaycanlilarin-soyqirim-gunudur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=66224","title":{"rendered":"UNUTMA: 31 MART AZ\u018fRBAYCANLILARIN SOYQIRIM G\u00dcN\u00dcD\u00dcR!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>XX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan tarixind\u0259 1918-ci il bir-birini s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z ed\u0259n v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n taleyind\u0259 h\u0259lledici say\u0131lan hadis\u0259l\u0259r bax\u0131m\u0131ndan y\u0259qin ki, \u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli zaman k\u0259siyidir.<br><br>Bu hadis\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k zirv\u0259si, s\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, 1918-ci il may\u0131n 28-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin elan edilm\u0259sidir. Sonrak\u0131 m\u00fch\u00fcm tarixi hadis\u0259l\u0259r \u2013 sentyabr\u0131n 15-d\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f T\u00fcrk-Az\u0259rbaycan h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n azad edilm\u0259si v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin Bak\u0131ya k\u00f6\u00e7m\u0259si, dekabr\u0131n 7-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Parlamentinin yaranmas\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, 1918-ci ilin 28 dekabr\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin C\u0259nubi Qafqazda \u0130ttifaq qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259 H\u00f6kum\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qanuni hakimiyy\u0259t kimi tan\u0131nmas\u0131 \u2013 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 ilk demokratik qurulu\u015fun v\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n ilk milli d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyinin \u2013 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoymu\u015fdur.<br><br>Lakin 1918-ci ilin \u0259lam\u0259tdar hadis\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l b\u00fct\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00fcmumi faci\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f, h\u0259tta onun m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu bel\u0259 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 alt\u0131nda qoymu\u015f faci\u0259l\u0259r ba\u015f vermi\u015fdir. Bak\u0131da v\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131da 1918-ci ilin mart hadis\u0259l\u0259ri bu qanl\u0131 z\u0259ncirin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 mart g\u00fcnl\u0259ri \u0259rzind\u0259 bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rin v\u0259 onun \u0259traf k\u0259nl\u0259rinin dinc az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halisi amans\u0131zl\u0131qla \u00f6zba\u015f\u0131nal\u0131q ed\u0259n bol\u015fevik-da\u015fnak h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f d\u0259h\u015f\u0259tli c\u0259za aksiyalar\u0131na \u2013 talan v\u0259q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlara, \u0259zilm\u0259k, \u0259sir al\u0131nmaq, qar\u0259t edilm\u0259k, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 k\u0259ndl\u0259r is\u0259 yan\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 da\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lara m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<br><br>Bak\u0131 v\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131dan sonra m\u00fcs\u0259lman q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 v\u0259 talanlar\u0131 G\u00f6y\u00e7ay, \u018fr\u0259\u015f, Cavad, Nuxa, Quba q\u0259zalar\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rini v\u0259 Quba \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini, G\u0259nc\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259rini, L\u0259nk\u0259ran, Z\u0259ng\u0259zur q\u0259zalar\u0131n\u0131, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Qaraba\u011f\u0131n az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar ya\u015fayan b\u00fct\u00fcn ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rini \u0259hat\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. \u00d6z tarixi torpaqlar\u0131nda dinc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ya\u015fayan v\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif tarixi d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 buradam\u0259skunla\u015fan dig\u0259r milli-dini qruplar\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri \u2013 erm\u0259ni, y\u0259hudi, ruslarlamehriban qon\u015fuluq \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri saxlayan az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman\u0259halisinin dig\u0259r t\u0259msil\u00e7il\u0259ri olan l\u0259zgil\u0259rin, tatlar\u0131n, k\u00fcrdl\u0259rin g\u00fcnah\u0131 n\u0259 idi? B\u00fct\u00fcn bu hadis\u0259l\u0259rin d\u0259rin tarixi k\u00f6kl\u0259ri v\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri var idi. G\u00fcl\u00fcstan (1813) v\u0259<br><br>T\u00fcrkm\u0259n\u00e7ay (1828) m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n sonra Rusiyaya birl\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycantorpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259bt edilm\u0259si v\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n bu torpaqlardan deportasiyas\u0131na hesablanm\u0131\u015f \u00fcmumerm\u0259ni proqram\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si bu tarixi m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. I Nikolay\u0131n mane\u0259siz olaraq \u0130randan v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7m\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 imkan ver\u0259n s\u0259r\u0259ncamlar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 ed\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r k\u00fctl\u0259vi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 Qafqazda,x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Qaraba\u011f, Nax\u00e7\u0131van, \u0130r\u0259van \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015f\u0131rlar. 1828-ci ilin mart\u0131nda \u0130r\u0259van v\u0259 Nax\u015f\u0131van xanl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razil\u0259ri rus hakimiyy\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u201cErm\u0259ni vilay\u0259ti\u201d alt\u0131nda inzibati vahid alt\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fdirilir. Do\u011frudur, art\u0131q 1940-c\u0131ilin aprel ay\u0131nda \u201cErm\u0259ni vilay\u0259ti\u201d l\u0259\u011fv olunsa da, bu, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halinin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil etdiyi h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259rin erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0259z\u0259li \u201cerm\u0259ni\u201d torpaqlar\u0131elan edilm\u0259siin\u0259 mane olmur.<br><br>XIX \u0259srin sonlar\u0131ndan \u201cQn\u00e7ak\u201d v\u0259 \u201cDa\u015fnaksutyun\u201d erm\u0259ni partiyalar\u0131n\u0131n meydana g\u0259lm\u0259si il\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131 v\u0259 Zaqafqaziya \u0259razisind\u0259 erm\u0259ni t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131n\u0131n<br><br>Erm\u0259ni d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f f\u0259al v\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil olunmu\u015f siyasi-silahl\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti ba\u015flay\u0131r. 1905-1907-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara qar\u015f\u0131 ilk v\u0259 irimiqyasl\u0131 silahl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ba\u015f verir v\u0259 bu, iki xalq\u0131n qanl\u0131 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131 il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nir. \u018fn \u00fcmumi hesablamalara g\u00f6r\u0259, 1905-1906-c\u0131 ill\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131durmalarda Bak\u0131, \u0130r\u0259van v\u0259 Yelizavetpol quberniyalar\u0131nda 158 Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 128 erm\u0259ni k\u0259ndi da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 3 mind\u0259n 10 min\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r insan h\u0259lak olmu\u015fdur.<br><br>Lakin, q\u0259bul edilmi\u015f r\u0259yl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201cDa\u015fnaksutyun\u201d kimi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 olmayan v\u0259 plans\u0131z h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259n\u201d, kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r silahlanmam\u0131\u015f v\u0259 ibtidai h\u0259rbi haz\u0131rl\u0131q ke\u00e7m\u0259mi\u015f az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar o zaman b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r\u0259 baxmayaraq m\u00fct\u0259\u015f\u0259kkil erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin h\u00fccumunu d\u0259f etmi\u015f v\u0259 layiqli m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259 bilmi\u015fdil\u0259r.<br><br>I D\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sinin ba\u015flanmas\u0131 il\u0259, x\u00fcsus\u0259n 1917-ci il Fevral inqilab\u0131ndan v\u0259 Rusiya \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcqutundan sonra, m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259n d\u00fcnya d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin Qafqazda maraqlar\u0131 k\u0259skinl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 toqqu\u015fur. Eyni vaxtda Qafqaz xalqlar\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6z siyasi-milli ideallar\u0131 v\u0259 arzular\u0131n\u0131 realla\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015f imkanlar a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7oxillik m\u0259qs\u0259dy\u00f6nl\u00fc i\u015fin yekununda erm\u0259ni ideoloqlar\u0131 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 dair Q\u0259rb d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 Rusiyan\u0131n planlar\u0131na \u201cerm\u0259ni d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si\u201dnin daxil edilm\u0259sin\u0259 nail olurlar. G\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin d\u0259 \u00f6z d\u00f6vl\u0259tini yaratmaq h\u00fcququ m\u00fcbahis\u0259 do\u011furmur. Bununla yana\u015f\u0131, C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n \u0259n \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 xalq\u0131 olan az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar n\u0259inki Q\u0259rb d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin, neftl\u0259 z\u0259ngin Bak\u0131n\u0131 qeyri-az\u0259rbaycan \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri hesab ed\u0259n rus siyasi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin diqq\u0259tind\u0259n k\u0259narda qal\u0131r.<br><br>Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 \u0259lveri\u015fsiz olan bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 \u201cM\u00fcsavat\u201d partiyas\u0131n\u0131n Qafqaz\u0131n siyasi meydan\u0131na c\u0131xmas\u0131 sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 ideyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259bli\u011f ed\u0259n v\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f Rusiya \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Qafqazda, hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259k niyy\u0259tini gizl\u0259tm\u0259y\u0259n bol\u015fevikl\u0259ri, eyni zamanda az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halinin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil etdiyi tarixi Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda erm\u0259ni d\u00f6vl\u0259ti yaratmaq arzusu il\u0259 al\u0131\u015f\u0131b-yanan erm\u0259ni mill\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rini narahat etm\u0259y\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi.<br><br>I D\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259si h\u0259l\u0259 davam etdiyi 1917-ci ild\u0259 erm\u0259ni mill\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259ri T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin 7 vilay\u0259ti \u0259razisind\u0259 \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fck Erm\u0259nistan\u201d\u0131 yaratmaq x\u00fclyas\u0131ndan \u0259l \u00e7\u0259km\u0259s\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, m\u00f6vcud v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 bu planlar\u0131n h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sinin xeyli \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdiyini anlay\u0131rlar. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259r \u00f6z \u0259sas f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini daha \u0259lveri\u015fli \u015f\u0259raitin oldu\u011fu Zaqafqaziya \u0259razisin\u0259 istiqam\u0259tl\u0259ndirirl\u0259r. 1918-ci ilin mart ay\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r onlar art\u0131q Zaqafqaziyan\u0131n c\u0259nub-q\u0259rbind\u0259 \u2013 Qarsda, \u0130r\u0259van v\u0259 Yelizavetpol quberniyalar\u0131n\u0131n bir ne\u00e7\u0259 q\u0259zalar\u0131nda v\u0259 Qaraba\u011fda dinc sakinl\u0259rin-az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, zorla qovulmas\u0131 v\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259vi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si yolu il\u0259 h\u0259l\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olmayan erm\u0259ni d\u00f6vl\u0259ti \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259razil\u0259ri t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q olurlar. Rusiyada 1917-ci il bol\u015fevik \u00e7evrili\u015find\u0259n sonra qorxuya d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n erm\u0259ni v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fc hiss\u0259l\u0259ri Qafqaz c\u0259bh\u0259sind\u0259n qa\u00e7ma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. M\u00fcharib\u0259nin gedi\u015find\u0259 Rus ordusu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti z\u0259bt edilmi\u015f T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 vilay\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7m\u00fc\u015f, bundan \u0259vv\u0259l is\u0259 daima t\u00fcrk torpaqlar\u0131nda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f y\u00fcz minl\u0259rl\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259ri d\u0259 Zaqafqaziyaya \u00fcz tutur. Burada onlar h\u0259l\u0259 1915-ci ild\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259rin c\u0259bh\u0259yan\u0131 zonadan k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda qanunun q\u0259bul edilm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra g\u00f6st\u0259ril\u0259n \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f erm\u0259ni qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar\u0131 il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015firl\u0259r. \u00c7oxsayl\u0131 erm\u0259ni \u0259halisi \u201cDa\u015fnaksutyun\u201dun silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin v\u0259 c\u0259bh\u0259d\u0259n qa\u00e7m\u0131\u015f minl\u0259rl\u0259 erm\u0259ni \u0259sg\u0259rinin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 yerli, silahs\u0131z, dinc m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisin\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131ndan basq\u0131nlar ed\u0259r\u0259k, q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 onlar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sini q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirir, qalan\u0131n\u0131 is\u0259 do\u011fma torpaqlardan did\u0259rgin sal\u0131r. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, 1917-ci ilin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259n 1918-ci il mart ay\u0131nad\u0259kerm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259kc\u0259 \u0130r\u0259van quberniyas\u0131nda 199 Az\u0259rbaycan k\u0259ndini yer \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n siliril\u0259r.<br><br>Bu c\u0259za \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131 \u201cDa\u015fnaksutyun\u201dun h\u0259min torpaqlar\u0131n az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lardan t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 sonradan Zaqafqaziya \u0259razisind\u0259 Erm\u0259ni d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyinin m\u0259rk\u0259zin\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 plan\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259si idi. M\u0259hz h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k Erm\u0259ni d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin \u0259razi b\u00fcn\u00f6vr\u0259si qoyulur. Lakin \u201cd\u0259nizd\u0259n d\u0259niz\u0259\u201d q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan \u201cB\u00f6y\u00fck Erm\u0259nistan\u201d\u0131n taleyi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Bak\u0131da h\u0259ll olunurdu.<br><br>Mart\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 Bak\u0131 v\u0259 Yelizavetpol (G\u0259nc\u0259) quberniyalar\u0131nda hakimiyy\u0259t Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisini birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259yi bacarm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin \u0259sas siyasi q\u00fcvv\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f \u201cM\u00fcsavat\u201d partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259lind\u0259 idi. Lakin t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan apar\u0131c\u0131 siyasi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin k\u0259skinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259t daha m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b idi. 1917-ci ilin noyabr\u0131nda, Rusiyada bol\u015fevik \u00e7evrili\u015find\u0259n d\u0259rhal sonra, S.\u015eaumyan\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi, yaln\u0131z Leninin Xalq Komissarlar\u0131 Sovetin\u0259 tabe olan Bak\u0131 Soveti \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 yegan\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t elan etmi\u015fdi. Bak\u0131dak\u0131 dig\u0259r siyasi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 \u201cM\u00fcsavat\u201d partiyas\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin yerli hakimiyy\u0259ti \u2013 F\u0259t\u0259li Xan Xoyskinin r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi v\u0259 \u00e7oxmill\u0259tli Bak\u0131 c\u0259miyy\u0259tinin sa\u011f qolunun t\u0259msil olundu\u011fu Bak\u0131 Dumas\u0131 bu q\u0259rara qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u201cM\u00fcsavat\u201d\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi alt\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan milli q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin Az\u0259rbaycana milli-\u0259razi muxtariyy\u0259tinin verilm\u0259si t\u0259l\u0259bi sinfi m\u00fcbariz\u0259 ideyas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259bli\u011f ed\u0259n bol\u015fevikl\u0259r, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 tam f\u0259rqli geosiyasi maraqlardan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259n \u201cDa\u015fnaksutyun\u201d liderl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn q\u0259buledilm\u0259z idi. Sonuncular erm\u0259ni Stepan \u015eaumyan\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi Bak\u0131 Sovetind\u0259 hakim m\u00f6vqe tuturdular. Az\u0259rbaycan milli q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin n\u0259yin bahas\u0131na olursa olsun siyasi meydandan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u0259qs\u0259di beyn\u0259lmil\u0259l\u00e7i bol\u015fevikl\u0259ri v\u0259 \u201cDa\u015fnaksutyun\u201d ba\u015fda olmaqla, ultra-mill\u0259t\u00e7i erm\u0259ni qruplar\u0131 bir araya g\u0259tirir.<br><br>1918-ci ilin fevral\u0131nda \u201cBakinski rabo\u00e7iy\u201d q\u0259zetinin s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q-a\u015fkar \u201cAz\u0259rbaycan muxtariyy\u0259tini arzu ed\u0259n m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lar bir y\u0131\u011f\u0131n xarabal\u0131qlar \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259r\u201d kimi b\u0259yanat ver\u0259n \u015eaumyan\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 h\u0259min \u201c xarabal\u0131qlar y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131na\u201d \u00e7evirm\u0259li olan v\u0259 t\u0259cili sur\u0259td\u0259 ordu toplayan Erm\u0259ni Milli \u015euras\u0131 tam d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yirdi. Erm\u0259ni korpusunun t\u0259\u015fkili v\u0259 erm\u0259ni d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rin Qafqaza g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259si il\u0259 h\u0259m\u00e7inin Petroqradda olan y\u00fcks\u0259k r\u00fctb\u0259li erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi\u00e7il\u0259ri m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdular. Be\u0259 ki, erm\u0259ni korpusunun ehtiyaclar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Petroqraddan bir ne\u00e7\u0259 zirehli qatar, avtomobil, texniki vasit\u0259 v\u0259 sursatlar, h\u0259tta sanitar qatar\u0131 g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015fdi. 1918-ci fevral v\u0259 mart aylar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f Rusiya ordusunun generallar\u0131 \u0130van Baqramyan v\u0259 Akop Baqratuni, h\u0259m\u00e7inin \u00abDa\u015fnaks\u00fctun\u201dpartiyas\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri Stepan Zoryan (Rostom) Bak\u0131ya g\u0259lirl\u0259r. C\u0259bh\u0259d\u0259n qay\u0131dan erm\u0259ni \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rini Bak\u0131da saxlama\u011fa v\u0259 haz\u0131rlanan silahl\u0131 vuru\u015flarda onlardan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Erm\u0259ni Milli \u015euras\u0131 1918-ci ilin mart ay\u0131n\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 \u201cErm\u0259ni \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259\u201d m\u00fcraci\u0259t edir v\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fc\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 onlar\u0131 silahlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259 saxlama\u011fa, erm\u0259ni mill\u0259tinin m\u0259nafeyinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259b olunan h\u0259r yerd\u0259 t\u0259tbiq etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131r olma\u011fa \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r.Eyni zamanda Bak\u0131 Sovetinin Q\u0131z\u0131l Ordusunun formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015fi gedirdi. Ordu s\u0131ralar\u0131na \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015fla Avakyan m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdu v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r s\u0259ciyy\u0259vi idi: \u201cQ\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 qvardiya\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 10-12 minlik ordunun70 faizini erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Q\u0131z\u0131l Ordunun q\u0259rargah r\u0259isi \u00e7ar ordusunun polkovniki, da\u015fnak birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rinin komandan\u0131 v\u0259 \u201cDa\u015fnaks\u00fctun\u201d partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc Z.Avetisov, briqada v\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin komandirl\u0259ri \u2013 \u00e7ar ordusunun polkovniki Kazarov, t\u00fcrk \u0259halisin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6z v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur olan Amazasp, A.\u018fmirov v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259ri idi. 1918-ci ilin mart\u0131nda \u015eaumyan\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015f\u0259had\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 art\u0131q bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin say\u0131 \u201ct\u0259xmin\u0259n 6 min n\u0259f\u0259r\u201d olan h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259ri, \u201cDa\u015fnaks\u00fctunun\u201d is\u0259 \u201c3-4 minlik milli d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri\u201d var idi ki, onlar da h\u0259m\u00e7inin bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131na verilmi\u015fdi. Milyon\u00e7u Manta\u015fevin v\u0259 dig\u0259r iri erm\u0259ni neft s\u0259naye\u00e7il\u0259rinin zavodlar\u0131, habel\u0259 Bak\u0131dak\u0131 erm\u0259ni kils\u0259sinin zirz\u0259mil\u0259ri Erm\u0259ni silah\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi silah anbar\u0131na \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi .<br><br>Bel\u0259likl\u0259, bol\u015fevikl\u0259r v\u0259 da\u015fnaklar b\u00fct\u00fcn partiyalararas\u0131, siyasi v\u0259 ideoloji ziddiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri k\u0259nara qoyaraq Bak\u0131da h\u0259rbi-siyasi ittifaq ba\u011flay\u0131r v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fccl\u0259rini \u201dM\u00fcsavat\u201d ba\u015fda olmaqla Az\u0259rbaycan milli h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131na v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259ld\u0131rl\u0259r.<br><br>H\u0259min vaxt m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n yegan\u0259 h\u0259rbi birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si L\u0259nk\u0259randa k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u0259rd\u0259n t\u0259\u015fkil edilmi\u015f \u201cV\u0259h\u015fi diviziya\u201d adlanan silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259 idi v\u0259 bol\u015fevik r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259ri yaranm\u0131\u015f ilk f\u00fcrs\u0259td\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k, birinci z\u0259rb\u0259ni ona qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259ldirl\u0259r. 1918-ci il mart\u0131n 9-da general Tal\u0131\u015finskinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi Az\u0259rbaycan \u201cV\u0259h\u015fi diviziyan\u0131n\u201d q\u0259rargah\u0131 Tiflisd\u0259n Bak\u0131ya g\u0259lir v\u0259 \u015eaumyan\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fi il\u0259 Bak\u0131 Soveti ad\u0131ndan birba\u015fa va\u011fzalda h\u0259bs edilir.Bu hadis\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 Bak\u0131da deyil, b\u00fct\u00fcn q\u0259zalarda az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halinin b\u00f6y\u00fck naraz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olsa da, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 xadiml\u0259rin, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n N.N\u0259rimanovun i\u015f\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259 h\u0259ll olunur v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 bol\u015fevikl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 \u00fcsyana t\u0259hrik etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di g\u00fcd\u0259n t\u0259xribat\u0131 ba\u015f tutmur.<br><br>Bununla bel\u0259, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif mill\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t olan sakinl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda qar\u015f\u0131durma t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 g\u0259rginlik artmaqda davam edirdi. Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar erm\u0259nil\u0259rin k\u00fctl\u0259vi sur\u0259td\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman hiss\u0259sind\u0259n erm\u0259ni hiss\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc, \u201cErm\u0259nik\u0259nd\u201d adlanan m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n s\u0259ng\u0259rl\u0259r qaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edir, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u201c1905-ci ili t\u0259krarlamaq, y\u0259ni m\u00fcs\u0259lman q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flamaq\u201d niyy\u0259tl\u0259ri v\u0259 \u201cerm\u0259nil\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlara qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flara haz\u0131rla\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131\u201d bar\u0259d\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 g\u0259z\u0259n \u015fayi\u0259l\u0259ri e\u015fidirdil\u0259r. Erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n d\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n tezlikl\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin xristian \u0259halisini q\u0131racaqlar\u0131 haqda \u015fai\u0259l\u0259r yay\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn xristian \u0259halisinin silahlanmas\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259ri ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. C\u0259miyy\u0259d\u0259 h\u00f6km s\u00fcr\u0259n qorxu v\u0259 g\u0259rginliy\u0259 son qoymaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lman, erm\u0259ni, rus v\u0259 y\u0259hudi \u0259halisinin ictimai v\u0259 dini xadiml\u0259ri dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar apar\u0131r, m\u0259scidl\u0259rd\u0259, kils\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 sineqoqlarda \u00fcmumi dua etm\u0259 m\u0259rasiml\u0259ri ke\u00e7irir, \u0259halini s\u00fclh\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259min-amanl\u0131\u011fa s\u0259sl\u0259yirdil\u0259r. T\u0259bii ki, bol\u015fevikl\u0259r v\u0259 erm\u0259ni milli-siyasi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri b\u00fct\u00fcn bu t\u0259dbirl\u0259rd\u0259 i\u015ftirak etmirdi. \u015eaumyan\u0131n bu d\u00f6vr b\u00fct\u00fcn f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f etm\u0259y\u0259 vadar ed\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 onlara qar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259nin ba\u015flanmas\u0131na b\u0259han\u0259 ver\u0259c\u0259k yeni t\u0259xribat\u0131n t\u0259\u015fkil edilm\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Tezlikl\u0259 bel\u0259 b\u0259han\u0259 yaran\u0131r.<br><br>Mart ay\u0131n\u0131n 27-d\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman diviziyas\u0131n\u0131n zabit v\u0259 \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t ki\u00e7ik bir d\u0259st\u0259 \u00f6z xidm\u0259t yolda\u015flar\u0131, m\u00fcs\u0259lman diviziyas\u0131n\u0131n zabiti \u2013 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f milyon\u00e7usu v\u0259 xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7isi Hac\u0131 Zeynalabdin Ta\u011f\u0131yevin silahla ehtiyats\u0131z davranmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 faci\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259lak olmu\u015f o\u011flu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259din c\u0259naz\u0259sini m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k v\u0259 onun d\u0259fnind\u0259 i\u015ftirak etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u201cEvelina\u201d g\u0259misind\u0259 L\u0259nk\u0259randan Bak\u0131ya g\u0259lir. D\u0259fnd\u0259n sonra mart\u0131n 29-da L\u0259nk\u0259rana geri qay\u0131tma\u011fa haz\u0131rla\u015fan d\u0259st\u0259 guya \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 silahl\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131durman\u0131n v\u0259 qan t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq ist\u0259y\u0259n bol\u015fevikl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n saxlan\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 t\u0259rksilah edil\u0131r. Bu d\u0259f\u0259 t\u0259xribat ba\u015f tutur. Onsuz da L\u0259nk\u0259rana getm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rla\u015fan 48 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 h\u0259rbi\u00e7il\u0259rin t\u0259rksilah edilm\u0259si \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259ki bir ne\u00e7\u0259 min n\u0259f\u0259rlik erm\u0259ni v\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131l ordu hiss\u0259l\u0259rini qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda faktiki olaraq silahs\u0131z v\u0259 m\u00fcdafi\u0259siz qalm\u0131\u015f Bak\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259rinin m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisinin q\u0259z\u0259bin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. 1918-ci il mart\u0131n 30-da \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n qeyri-m\u00fct\u0259\u015f\u0259kkil etiraz mitinql\u0259ri ba\u015flan\u0131r. Mitinq i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 h\u0259rbi qulluq\u00e7ular\u0131n silahlar\u0131n\u0131n qaytar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ya, Bak\u0131da erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rinin d\u0259 t\u0259rksilah edilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edirl\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycan milli elitas\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 siyasi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 g\u0259rginliyin daha da d\u0259rinl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6st\u0259rdikl\u0259ri b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259hdl\u0259r son n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259sirsiz qal\u0131r. M\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u201cA\u00e7\u0131q g\u00f6z\u201d q\u0259zeti m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisin\u0259 emosiyalara qap\u0131lmamaq \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t ets\u0259 d\u0259 silahl\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131durma ba\u015flan\u0131r.<br><br>Bak\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisinin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara m\u0259nsub olan ictimai binalar\u0131n<br><br>qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 qeyri-m\u00fct\u0259\u015f\u0259kkil \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 s\u0259ng\u0259rl\u0259rin qaz\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 \u201cbir mauzer v\u0259 be\u015f patronla top v\u0259 pulemyotlara cavab verilm\u0259si\u201d il\u0259 ifad\u0259 edil\u0259n m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti bir g\u00fcn d\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kmir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin m\u0259rk\u0259zi v\u0259 istisnas\u0131z olaraq b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lman m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7oxminli bol\u015fevik-erm\u0259ni birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rinin silahl\u0131 h\u00fccumuna, aeroplanlardan bombardmana v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r donanmas\u0131n\u0131n sahil\u0259 g\u0259tirilmi\u015f g\u0259mil\u0259rind\u0259n fasil\u0259siz top at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 m\u0259ruz qal\u0131r. 1918-ci il mart\u0131n 31-d\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri k\u00f6m\u0259ksiz m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131na son qoyulmas\u0131 xahi\u015fi il\u0259 Bak\u0131 Sovetin\u0259, \u015f\u0259xs\u0259n \u015eaumyana m\u00fcraci\u0259t edir v\u0259 tam t\u0259slim \u0259lam\u0259ti olaraq a\u011f bayraqlar qald\u0131rd\u0131lar. Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n t\u0259slim olmas\u0131 il\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n bol\u015fevikl\u0259r v\u0259 da\u015fnaklar \u201cM\u00fcsavata\u201d v\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259lman Milli \u015euras\u0131na ultimatum t\u0259qdim edirl\u0259r. Ultimatumda m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlardan a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 v\u0259 qeyd-\u015f\u0259rtsiz Bak\u0131 Sovetinin hakimiyy\u0259tini tan\u0131maq, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u201cV\u0259h\u015fi diviziya\u201d adlanan h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259sini Bak\u0131 v\u0259 onun \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xarmaq, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Bak\u0131-Tiflis v\u0259 Bak\u0131-Petrovsk d\u0259mir yolunu a\u00e7maq kimi t\u0259cili t\u0259dbirl\u0259rin g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259si t\u0259l\u0259b edilir.<br><br>Bu sonuncu t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r absurd xarakter da\u015f\u0131maqla az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 milli q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin imkanlar\u0131 xaricind\u0259 olsa da, qan t\u00f6k\u00fclm\u0259sinin dayand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin dinc az\u0259r-baycanl\u0131 \u0259halisinin h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fchafiz\u0259si x\u0259trin\u0259 ultimatum el\u0259 h\u0259min g\u00fcn \u201cM\u00fcsavat\u201d r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259bul olunur. Lakin, elan edilmi\u015f bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa baxmayaraq, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rinin talan edilm\u0259sin\u0259 son qoyulmur. Bak\u0131dak\u0131 xarici missiyalar\u0131n, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 \u0130ran konsulunun hadis\u0259l\u0259rin gedi\u015fin\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 etm\u0259k v\u0259 sonradan m\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi, mart hadis\u0259l\u0259ri zaman\u0131 \u00e7oxlu sayda \u0130ran v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n \u2013 etnik az\u0259r-baycanl\u0131lar\u0131n h\u0259lak oldu\u011fu q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq s\u0259yl\u0259ri d\u0259 he\u00e7 bir n\u0259tic\u0259 vermir.<br><br>Qeyd edim\u0259lidir ki, mart g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n istisnas\u0131z olaraq b\u00fct\u00fcn az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halisi \u2013 k\u00fcbar z\u00fcmr\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n tutmu\u015f sad\u0259 adamlara q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259r erm\u0259ni zorak\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 talanlar\u0131n\u0131n qurbanlar\u0131na \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi. Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n ilk saatlar\u0131nda erm\u0259ni \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 olmu\u015f b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 tutur, qar\u0259t edir v\u0259 bir \u00e7ox hallarda q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirirdil\u0259r. H\u0259min g\u00fcnl\u0259r \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015f \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259rin sakinl\u0259rin- d\u0259n itkin d\u00fc\u015f\u0259nl\u0259r, i\u015fd\u0259n qay\u0131tmayanlar, ev\u0259 geri d\u00f6nm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r bu \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rin qurban\u0131 olur.Bak\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259ngin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fcnvanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f siyah\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l bu evl\u0259r\u0259 h\u00fccum edir. Daha sonra h\u00fccumlar k\u00fctl\u0259vixarakter al\u0131r. Bak\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 silahl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015flar \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcxt\u0259lifhiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u2013 h\u0259m m\u0259rk\u0259zi m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 kas\u0131b v\u0259 imkans\u0131z t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n olan sakinl\u0259rin m\u0259skunla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cM\u0259mm\u0259dli\u201d, \u201cK\u0259rpicxana\u201d, \u201cKanitapinskaya\u201d v\u0259 d. adlanan ucqarlarda eyni zamanda ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu is\u0259 qanl\u0131 mart hadis\u0259l\u0259rinin guya bol\u015fevikl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunan rus \u0259sg\u0259r v\u0259 matroslar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259dildiyi bar\u0259d\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fayi\u0259l\u0259ri, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 silahl\u0131 toqqu\u015fmalar\u0131n m\u00fcsavat\u00e7\u0131lar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n t\u00f6r\u0259dildiyini bar\u0259d\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin iddialar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259kzib edirdi. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin x\u0259yan\u0259tkar h\u00fccumu il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisi \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 silahl\u0131 quldur d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259sas h\u0259d\u0259finin g\u0259nc ki\u015fil\u0259r \u2013 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f, qoca, qad\u0131n v\u0259 u\u015faqlara toxunulmayacaqlar\u0131na \u00fcmid edirmi\u015fl\u0259r. Lakin q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n el\u0259 ilk g\u00fcn\u00fc q\u0259tl\u0259 yetiril\u0259nl\u0259rinin aras\u0131nda \u00e7oxlu sayda qad\u0131n, u\u015faq v\u0259ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015fil\u0259rin olmas\u0131 erm\u0259ni-bol\u015fevik q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halisini,cinsin\u0259 v\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131na baxmadan, k\u00fctl\u0259vi sur\u0259td\u0259 q\u0131rmaq niyy\u0259tini bir daha s\u00fcbut edir. Bir \u00e7ox qad\u0131nlar \u00f6z \u0259rl\u0259rini, o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 atalar\u0131n\u0131 xilas etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin ayaqlar\u0131na at\u0131l\u0131r, xahi\u015f edir, yalvar\u0131rd\u0131lar, b\u0259z\u0259n \u00f6z yax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r v\u0259 bel\u0259likl\u0259 ki\u015fil\u0259rl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 h\u0259lak olurdular. Az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 qad\u0131n v\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti yaln\u0131z bu hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n c\u0259lb edilmi\u015f ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 rus \u0259sg\u0259r v\u0259 matroslar\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259al m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si say\u0259sind\u0259 lab\u00fcd \u00f6l\u00fcmd\u0259n qurtar\u0131r v\u0259 bu zaman \u0259sir g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Mart q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 zaman\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin geni\u015f sah\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 malik olan bir \u00e7ox binalar\u0131 \u2013 teatrlar, kinoteatrlar, m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r, polis m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259ri, ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 z\u0259ngin erm\u0259ni evl\u0259ri, \u015e\u0259h\u0259r Dumas\u0131n\u0131n ictimai binas\u0131, va\u011fzal v\u0259 dig\u0259r binalar, h\u0259tta hamamlar da minl\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259db\u0259xt, qar\u0259t edilmi\u015f, \u00f6z yax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259h\u015fic\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259tli faci\u0259sini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n, \u0259sas\u0259n, qad\u0131n, u\u015faq v\u0259 qocalar\u0131n g\u0259tirildiyi v\u0259 g\u00fcnl\u0259rl\u0259, bir \u00e7ox hallarda ac v\u0259 susuz saxlan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259bsxanalara \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi. M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n k\u00fctl\u0259vi sur\u0259td\u0259 \u0259sir al\u0131nmas\u0131nda i\u015ftirak etmi\u015f b\u0259zi erm\u0259ni xadiml\u0259ri sonradan bu \u0259m\u0259li guya dinc m\u00fcs\u0259lman v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini t\u0259min etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f z\u0259ruri t\u0259dbir kimi izah etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. Halbuki, z\u0259r\u0259r\u00e7\u0259k\u0259nl\u0259rin \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 ifad\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n s\u00fcbut olunur ki, m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n \u0259sir al\u0131nmas\u0131 silahl\u0131 erm\u0259ni quldur d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n zorla h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f, t\u0259hqirl\u0259rl\u0259, istehza, h\u0259d\u0259-qorxu, bir \u00e7ox hallarda is\u0259 q\u0259tll\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olunmu\u015fdur. Erm\u0259ni \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7adralar\u0131n\u0131 c\u0131r\u0131r, onlar\u0131 h\u00f6r\u00fckl\u0259ri il\u0259 bir-birin\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131r v\u0259 ba\u015f\u0131a\u00e7\u0131q, ayaqyal\u0131n \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 g\u0259zdir\u0259r\u0259k yolboyu s\u00fcng\u00fcl\u0259rl\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fcr, \u0259sirl\u0259rin saxland\u0131qlar\u0131 yerl\u0259r\u0259 qovurdular.Burada \u0259sir qad\u0131nlar\u0131n g\u00f6zl\u0259ri qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ba\u015f vermi\u015f q\u0259tll\u0259rd\u0259n d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6lm\u0259si, k\u00f6rp\u0259l\u0259ri qucaqlar\u0131nda ke\u00e7in\u0259n analar\u0131n d\u0259li olmas\u0131, azya\u015fl\u0131 u\u015faqlar\u0131n ac\u0131ndan v\u0259 qorxudan v\u0259 susuzluqdan \u00f6lm\u0259si v\u0259 s. hallar ba\u015f verirdi. Erm\u0259ni ziyal\u0131lar\u0131 is\u0259 bu zaman \u00f6z arvadlar\u0131n\u0131 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n \u201cr\u00fcsvay\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na\u201d tama\u015fa etm\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259tirirdil\u0259r.<br><br>\u018fsir apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 ya tamamil\u0259 m\u0259hv edilmi\u015f az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 ail\u0259l\u0259rin bo\u015f qalm\u0131\u015fevl\u0259ri v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00f6v m\u0259h\u0259ll\u0259l\u0259r m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 m\u0259nims\u0259m\u0259k, soy\u011fun\u00e7uluq v\u0259 qar\u0259tl\u0259r, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7-d\u00f6rd g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 avtomobill\u0259rd\u0259, arabalarda apar\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259mlak\u0131 darmada\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 m\u0259hv etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn erm\u0259ni quldurlar\u0131na geni\u015f imkanlar yarad\u0131rd\u0131. Talan edilmi\u015f \u0259mlak erm\u0259ni milyon\u00e7ular\u0131 v\u0259 s\u0259naye\u00e7il\u0259rinin \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f anbarlar\u0131na y\u0131\u011f\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.1918-ci ilin faci\u0259li mart g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisin\u0259 \u2013 iri s\u0259naye\u00e7il\u0259r\u0259, zavod, liman, neft m\u0259d\u0259nl\u0259ri sahibkarlar\u0131ndan<br><br>ba\u015flayaraq \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 m\u00fclki, sosial v\u0259 ticar\u0259t obyektl\u0259rinin: evl\u0259r, idar\u0259, mehmanxana,<br><br>m\u0259kt\u0259b, restoran, b\u0259rb\u0259rxana, emalatxana, ma\u011faza, anbar, d\u00fckan, t\u00f6vl\u0259 v\u0259 s. sahibl\u0259rin\u0259 vurulan maddi ziyan\u0131n miqyas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259ri y\u00fcz milyonlarla \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. Yaln\u0131z m\u0259lum faktlar \u0259sas\u0131nda bu r\u0259q\u0259m 400 000 000 g\u00f6st\u0259rilirdi. Yand\u0131r\u0131lan v\u0259 da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lan binalar aras\u0131nda az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n m\u0259d\u0259ni-ictimai v\u0259 dini m\u0259rk\u0259zini t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm etdir\u0259n \u201c\u0130smailliy\u0259\u201d \u2013 M\u00fcs\u0259lman Xeyriyy\u0259 C\u0259miyy\u0259tinin binas\u0131, \u201cKaspi\u201d v\u0259 \u201cA\u00e7\u0131q g\u00f6z\u201d q\u0259zetl\u0259rinin, \u201cDa\u011f\u0131stan\u201d, \u201c\u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259riyy\u0259\u201d v\u0259 \u201c\u0130slamiyy\u0259\u201d mehmanxanalar\u0131n\u0131n binalar\u0131 da var idi. M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n qald\u0131qlar\u0131 bu mehmanxana v\u0259 karvansaralar orada olan insanlarla birlikd\u0259 yand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<br><br>Bak\u0131da mart faci\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259\u015fkilind\u0259 Erm\u0259ni Milli \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 \u201cDa\u015fnaks\u00fctun\u201d partiyas\u0131n\u0131n rolu, erm\u0259ni ziyal\u0131 v\u0259 k\u00fcbar t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259l\u0259ri n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n tutmu\u015f\u201cerm\u0259ni qara camaat\u0131\u201dna q\u0259d\u0259r Bak\u0131n\u0131n erm\u0259ni \u0259halisinin \u0259lisilahl\u0131 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131nda i\u015ftirak\u0131 t\u0259kzibedilm\u0259z faktlar v\u0259 s\u00fcbutlarla t\u0259sdiq edilirdi. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rin erm\u0259ni elitas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f \u00fczvl\u0259ri, ba\u015fda Stepan Lalayev v\u0259 Tatevos \u018fmirov, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n milyon\u00e7u Ambarsum Melikov \u00f6z o\u011flanlar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 silahk\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259ri g\u0259z\u0259r\u0259k ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6z tan\u0131\u015flar\u0131 v\u0259 dostlar\u0131n\u0131n evl\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccum edirdil\u0259r.<br><br>Stepan Lalayevin t\u00f6r\u0259tdiyi amans\u0131zl\u0131qlardan h\u0259tta erm\u0259nil\u0259r \u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259 d\u0259h\u015f\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259r. \u201c\u0130smailiyy\u0259\u201d binas\u0131n\u0131n is\u0259 sonradan 26 Bak\u0131 Komissarlar\u0131 c\u0259rg\u0259sin\u0259 daxil edil\u0259n da\u015fnak Tatevos \u018fmirovun \u015f\u0259xs\u0259n yand\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259lum idi.<br><br>Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n ilk g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n on minl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman sakinl\u0259ri yaln\u0131z h\u0259r hans\u0131 yolla \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xa bildikl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 lab\u00fcd \u00f6l\u00fcmd\u0259n xilas olmu\u015flar. Lakin \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk etm\u0259k \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz deyildi. Erm\u0259ni quldur d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259n qa\u00e7ma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 tutub saxlay\u0131r, qad\u0131n, qoca v\u0259 u\u015faqlara r\u0259hm etm\u0259d\u0259n qar\u0259t edir v\u0259 sonra g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259yirdi. Nifr\u0259t v\u0259 tamahkarl\u0131qdan a\u011fl\u0131n\u0131 itirmi\u015f erm\u0259nil\u0259rin h\u0259d\u0259fin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n h\u0259yat v\u0259 \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131n xilas edilm\u0259si bir \u00e7ox hallarda onlar\u0131n y\u0259hudi, rus, polyak, g\u00fcrc\u00fc qon\u015fular\u0131n\u0131n, tan\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n, v\u0259 ya sad\u0259c\u0259 olaraq t\u0259sad\u00fcf\u0259n yoldan ke\u00e7\u0259n insanlar\u0131n f\u0259al i\u015ftirak\u0131 v\u0259 hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olurdu. Son n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n k\u00fctl\u0259vi q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131larla bar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa r\u0259smi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 raz\u0131la\u015fm\u0131\u015f Bak\u0131 Soveti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n deyil, aprelin 2-d\u0259 36-c\u0131 T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan alay\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131dayand\u0131rmaq bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259tiyy\u0259tli t\u0259l\u0259bi v\u0259 art\u0131q v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f X\u0259z\u0259r rus d\u0259niz\u00e7il\u0259rinin \u0259ks t\u0259qdird\u0259 Bak\u0131 Sovetinin tabe\u00e7iliyind\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xaraq v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin erm\u0259ni hiss\u0259sin\u0259 toplardan at\u0259\u015f a\u00e7acaqlar\u0131 kimi h\u0259d\u0259l\u0259ri say\u0259sind\u0259 dayand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n dayand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda G. Caparidzenin m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n rol oynay\u0131r.<br><br>1918-ci il mart\u0131n 30-da ax\u015fam ba\u015flanan az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 faktiki olaraq bir h\u0259ft\u0259 davam etmi\u015f, lakin onun \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcn\u00fc erm\u0259ni da\u015fnak d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin h\u0259dsiz az\u011f\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, amans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 q\u0259ddarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n x\u00fcsusil\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259vi xarakteri il\u0259 s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdir. H\u0259min g\u00fcnl\u0259r az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 yaln\u0131z \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin h\u00fcdudlar\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fm\u0131rd\u0131. Erm\u0259ni quldur d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri Bak\u0131n\u0131n \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259 basq\u0131nlar ed\u0259r\u0259k sakinl\u0259rin evl\u0259rin\u0259 soxulur, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r k\u0259nar\u0131 yollarda pusqular qurur, yoldan ke\u00e7\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 qar\u0259t edir v\u0259 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirirdil\u0259r. 1918-ci ilin mart\u0131nda bir s\u0131ra Bak\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rinin \u2013 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259di,<br><br>\u018fhm\u0259dli, Balaxan\u0131, Bin\u0259q\u0259di, Bibi-Heyb\u0259t, H\u00f6km\u0259li, Zabrat, Sabun\u00e7u, Ramana, X\u0131rdalan v\u0259 s. sakinl\u0259ri erm\u0259ni silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259rinin qurban\u0131 olmu\u015flar.<br><br>\u018fn \u00fcmumi hesablamalara g\u00f6r\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 bir h\u0259ft\u0259 \u0259rzind\u0259 Bak\u0131da 12 mind\u0259n art\u0131q insan, \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tini dinc sakinl\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n v\u0259 \u0259sas etibaril\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259hali v\u0259h\u015fic\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirilmi\u015fdir. Hadis\u0259l\u0259rin ilk 3-4 g\u00fcn\u00fc \u0259rzind\u0259 bol\u015fevik-da\u015fnak d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rinin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara h\u0259lak olmu\u015f yax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259fn etm\u0259y\u0259 izn verm\u0259diyi, \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259, h\u0259y\u0259t v\u0259 evl\u0259rind\u0259n meyitl\u0259rin y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 g\u00fcn \u0259rzind\u0259 ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u00f6zl\u0259rinin d\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful oldu\u011fu, sonuncular t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259rin h\u0259m hadis\u0259l\u0259rin ba\u015f verdiyi g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 sonra yanan binalara, quyulara, d\u0259niz\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fc, q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlardan d\u0259rhal sonra m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisinin k\u00fctl\u0259vi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk etdiyi v\u0259, n\u0259hay\u0259t, Bak\u0131da \u015eaumyan\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi Bak\u0131 Sovetinin tam hakimiyy\u0259-tinin b\u0259rq\u0259rar olmas\u0131 qurbanlar\u0131n d\u0259qiq say\u0131n\u0131n hesablanmas\u0131na imkan verm\u0259mi\u015fdir. Lakin Mart hadis\u0259l\u0259ri zaman\u0131 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131n dayand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259y g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f \u0130ran konsulu M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d S\u0259id-ol Vesar\u0259 Mara\u011feyinin t\u0259kc\u0259 onun yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 x\u00fcsusi komissiya t\u0259r\u0259fin- d\u0259n Bak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259y\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n 5000-d\u0259n art\u0131q m\u00fcs\u0259lman\u0131n \u2013 iranl\u0131 v\u0259 qeyri-iranl\u0131 \u2013 meyitinin toplanmas\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman ad\u0259ti \u00fczr\u0259 d\u0259fn edilm\u0259si \u015f\u0259had\u0259ti, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 dig\u0259r m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r mart qurbanlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131n\u0131n 12 mind\u0259n d\u0259 art\u0131q oldu\u011funu dem\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas verir.Men\u015fevikl\u0259rin \u201cNa\u015f qolos\u201d q\u0259zeti h\u0259min g\u00fcnl\u0259ri t\u0259svir ed\u0259r\u0259k yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cH\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fmeyitl\u0259rl\u0259 doludur \u2013 yan\u0131b k\u00fcl olmu\u015f, do\u011franm\u0131\u015f, eyb\u0259c\u0259r hala sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f meyitl\u0259r\u2026<br><br>\u201cT\u0259z\u0259 pir\u201d m\u0259scidi artilleriya at\u0259\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc ziyan \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015fdir\u2026 Patrul 6-c\u0131 polis sah\u0259sinin h\u0259y\u0259tind\u0259 600-\u0259 yax\u0131n \u0259sir m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131n v\u0259 u\u015faqlar\u0131 tapd\u0131, onlar\u0131 azad etdi v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rin m\u00fcs\u0259lman hiss\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t etdi.. Geni\u015f k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259r q\u0259z\u0259b v\u0259 nifr\u0259tl\u0259 dolub-da\u015f\u0131r, bu hissl\u0259r getdikc\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259bli intiqam hissin\u0259 \u00e7evrilir ki, onlar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq el\u0259 d\u0259 asan olmayacaq\u201d. Mart hadis\u0259l\u0259ri ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 andan M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259 ba\u015fda olmaqla Az\u0259rbaycan milliq\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri ba\u015f vermi\u015f faci\u0259ni milli q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n kimi s\u0259ciyy\u0259l\u0259ndirmi\u015f v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisini m\u0259hv etm\u0259k niyy\u0259ti g\u00fcd\u0259n m\u0259qs\u0259dy\u00f6nl\u00fc siyas\u0259t kimi xarakteriz\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Bu hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 siyasi qiym\u0259t verm\u0259k v\u0259 onun n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259rini aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ilk c\u0259hd d\u0259 faci\u0259d\u0259n d\u0259rhal sonra Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n milli q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n edilmi\u015fdir. 1918-ci ilin aprel ay\u0131n\u0131n 2-d\u0259 Zaqafqaziya Seyminin Az\u0259rbaycan fraksiyas\u0131 Seymi Bak\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatland\u0131raraq m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Zaqafqaziya h\u00f6kum\u0259tind\u0259n Bak\u0131ya qo\u015fun g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Az\u0259rbaycan fraksiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131na Zaqafqaziya Seyminin qo\u015funlar\u0131ndan yaln\u0131z M\u00fcs\u0259lman korpusu cavab verir. 1918-ci ilin aprel ay\u0131n\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 knyaz Maqalovun komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda 2 min n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n art\u0131q sayda h\u0259rbi d\u0259st\u0259 Bak\u0131ya t\u0259r\u0259f h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259-r\u0259k Hac\u0131qabula yeti\u015fir. Onlarla eyni vaxtda Da\u011f\u0131standan N\u0259cm\u0259ddin Qotsinskinin da\u011fl\u0131lardan ibar\u0259t d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri qubal\u0131 \u018fli b\u0259y Zizikskinin d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Bak\u0131ya yollan\u0131rlar v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259n 10 kilometr m\u0259saf\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n X\u0131rdalan stansiyas\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r g\u0259lirl\u0259r. Lakin, Q\u0131z\u0131l Ordu qo\u015funlar\u0131ndan sayca d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 az olan Qotsinskinin,<br><br>Zizikskinin v\u0259 Maqalovun h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259ri tezlikl\u0259 geri \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur olur. Hadis\u0259l\u0259rin sonrak\u0131 inki\u015faf\u0131 Seymin g\u00fcrc\u00fc-erm\u0259ni \u00e7oxlu\u011funun Bak\u0131 Sovetin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131h\u0259r hans\u0131 g\u00fcc metodlar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rla\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<br><br>Bel\u0259likl\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycan fraksiyas\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131 hadis\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn daxili vasit\u0259l\u0259ri t\u00fck\u0259nir v\u0259 t\u00fcrk qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yegan\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yoluna \u00e7evrilir. 1918-ci il 28 mayda Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin yaranmas\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, milli h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyi u\u011frunda \u00f6l\u00fcm-dirim m\u00fcbariz\u0259sin\u0259 qalxmas\u0131 il\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 siyasi v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti k\u00f6k\u00fcnd\u0259n d\u0259yi\u015fir. Az\u0259rbaycan milli q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin h\u0259rbi yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 il\u0259 i\u015f\u011fal olunmu\u015f \u0259razil\u0259rini v\u0259 \u00f6z respublikalar\u0131n\u0131n paytaxt\u0131n\u0131\u2013 Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rini bol\u015fevik-da\u015fnak hakimiyy\u0259tind\u0259n azad etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. El\u0259 h\u0259min g\u00fcnl\u0259r, son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b v\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r \u015f\u0259raitd\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n g\u0259nc Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n ilk H\u00f6kum\u0259tinin b\u00f6y\u00fck uzaqg\u00f6r\u0259nlik v\u0259 operativlik n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdir\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6lk\u0259 \u0259razisind\u0259 dinc az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259halisin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259dil\u0259n k\u00fctl\u0259vi zorak\u0131l\u0131q hallar\u0131na \u0259n y\u00fcks\u0259k v\u0259 ciddi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u00fcnasib\u0259t bildirm\u0259k v\u0259 konkret t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259yi vacib say\u0131r. 1918-ci ilin iyul ay\u0131n\u0131n 15-d\u0259 \u201cAvropa m\u00fcharib\u0259si ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 vaxtdan b\u00fct\u00fcn C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n h\u00fcdudlar\u0131 daxilind\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar v\u0259 onlar\u0131n \u0259mlak\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 t\u00f6r\u0259dilmi\u015f zorak\u0131l\u0131q hallar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 T\u0259hqiqat Komissiyas\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d haqq\u0131nda q\u0259rar q\u0259bul edilir. Bu Komissiyan\u0131n c\u0259mi bir \u0259rzind\u0259 haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r 1918-ci az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 tarixinin salnam\u0259si olacaq. Lakin 1918-ci ilin mart\u0131nda t\u0259kc\u0259 Bak\u0131 deyil, \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri v\u0259 k\u0259ndl\u0259ri d\u0259 yan\u0131rd\u0131\u2026<br><br>Solmaz R\u00fcst\u0259mova-Tohidi<br><br>tarix elml\u0259ri doktoru, professor, Az\u0259rbaycan Milli Elml\u0259r Akademiyas\u0131 akademik Z.M.B\u00fcnyadov ad\u0131na \u015e\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q \u0130nstitutunun ba\u015f elmi i\u015f\u00e7isi<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>XX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan tarixind\u0259 1918-ci il bir-birini s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z ed\u0259n v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n taleyind\u0259 h\u0259lledici say\u0131lan hadis\u0259l\u0259r bax\u0131m\u0131ndan y\u0259qin ki, \u0259n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli zaman k\u0259siyidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66224","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=66224"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66224\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66226,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66224\/revisions\/66226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=66224"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=66224"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=66224"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}