{"id":66738,"date":"2022-04-05T03:29:19","date_gmt":"2022-04-04T23:29:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=66738"},"modified":"2022-04-05T03:29:21","modified_gmt":"2022-04-04T23:29:21","slug":"avstriya-yazicisi-erix-fayqlin-erm%c9%99ni-kils%c9%99si-haqqinda-yazdigi-h%c9%99qiq%c9%99tl%c9%99r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=66738","title":{"rendered":"Avstriya yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Erix Fayql\u0131n erm\u0259ni kils\u0259si haqq\u0131nda yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259r"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

O. BULANOVA<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Xristianlar\u0131n \u00e7oxu erm\u0259ni kils\u0259sini \u201cqarda\u015f\u201d hesab edir \u2013 deyirl\u0259r ki, biz d\u0259 xristian\u0131q, onlar da. Qafqazda xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk q\u0259bul ed\u0259nl\u0259rin erm\u0259nil\u0259r oldu\u011fu da g\u00fcman edilir. B\u0259s h\u0259qiq\u0259td\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259r nec\u0259dir?<\/strong> Az\u0259rbaycan aliml\u0259ri bu m\u00f6vzuda yazma\u011fa ba\u015flayanda bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131 (ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r) bu yana\u015fmalar\u0131 q\u0259r\u0259zli hesab edirl\u0259r. Amma bu m\u00f6vzu avropal\u0131 aliml\u0259ri d\u0259 maraqland\u0131r\u0131r. Avstriyal\u0131 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, jurnalist, s\u0259n\u0259dli filml\u0259r kinorejissoru, professor Erix Fayql \u201cMilli Erm\u0259ni Kils\u0259sinin Q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si v\u0259 Faci\u0259si\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 erm\u0259ni kils\u0259sinin tarixin\u0259 i\u015f\u0131q sal\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Tomas\u0131n 301-ci ild\u0259 \u201cd\u00fcnyada ilk xristian d\u00f6vl\u0259ti\u201dnin \u2013 Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n t\u0259m\u0259linin qoyulmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131na \u0259saslanaraq, erm\u0259nil\u0259r bu \u201cyubileyi\u201d 2001-ci ilin sentyabr\u0131nda geni\u015f \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 qeyd etmi\u015fl\u0259r. Bunun absurd olmas\u0131 elmi ictimaiyy\u0259td\u0259 ham\u0131ya m\u0259lumdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u0130ngilis tarix\u00e7isi Kristofer Uolker erm\u0259ni xristian d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin yaranma tarixi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 saxta arqumentl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanan m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 qeyd edir: \u201cErm\u0259nistan\u0131n xristianl\u0131\u011fa qay\u0131tmas\u0131n\u0131n tarixi ad\u0259t\u0259n 301-ci ild\u0259n ba\u015flay\u0131r; lakin r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r 286 il\u0259 314 aras\u0131nda d\u0259yi\u015fir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu da fantaziyalar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015f meydan a\u00e7\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


O, daha sonra yaz\u0131r: \u201cIII Trdat (Erm\u0259nistan kral\u0131) Roma imperatoru t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n taxta oturduldu\u201d. Bununla da etiraf etm\u0259liy\u0259m ki, Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn tarixind\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, o zaman da m\u00fcst\u0259qil q\u0259rarlar q\u0259bul etm\u0259k h\u00fcququ yox idi, y\u0259ni as\u0131l\u0131 bir d\u00f6vl\u0259t idi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 \u201cd\u00f6vl\u0259t dini\u201dnin dig\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m \u0259v\u0259z edilm\u0259sind\u0259 onun he\u00e7 bir ixtiyar\u0131 yoxdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin tarixi \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salsaq, bu xalq yegan\u0259 xalqd\u0131r ki, \u00f6z tarixini minl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif mif v\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 t\u0259svir edir. Bu, n\u0259slinin guya erm\u0259nil\u0259r oldu\u011fu Nuh pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin \u0259fsan\u0259sind\u0259n qaynaqlan\u0131r. V\u0259 guya Nuhun g\u0259misi A\u011fr\u0131 da\u011f\u0131na ba\u011flan\u0131b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Erm\u0259nil\u0259r bunu s\u00fcbut ed\u0259r\u0259k, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n Nuhdan t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259si fikrini tamamil\u0259 t\u0259kzib edirl\u0259r. Ararat\u0131n T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 baxmayaraq, onun t\u0259sviri Erm\u0259nistan herbind\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. \u018fg\u0259r T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 gerbind\u0259 \u00e7oxlu m\u0259scidl\u0259rl\u0259 q\u0259dim \u0130r\u0259van\u0131 t\u0259svir ets\u0259ydi, o zaman erm\u0259nil\u0259rin qald\u0131raca\u011f\u0131 hay-k\u00fcy\u00fc t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr etm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tin deyil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


N\u0259 oldusa, 2001-ci ilin sentyabr\u0131nda Erm\u0259nistan \u201cd\u00fcnyada ilk xristian d\u00f6vl\u0259ti\u201d haqq\u0131nda \u0259fsan\u0259sinin ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc qeyd etdi. Papa II \u0130ohann Pavelin \u00f6z\u00fc y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259li qonaq qismind\u0259 i\u015ftirak etdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nec\u0259? B\u0259lk\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 inadkar, mill\u0259t\u00e7i kils\u0259 katolikliy\u0259 qay\u0131d\u0131r? \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259 yox. Papan\u0131 q\u0259bul ed\u0259n r\u0259smi evin r\u0259hb\u0259ri R.K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ryand\u0131r v\u0259 d\u0259v\u0259t Roma Katolik Kils\u0259sinin r\u0259hb\u0259rin\u0259 deyil, Vatikan\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6nd\u0259rilib. C\u0259nab K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ryan is\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fc \u00f6zl\u00fcy\u00fcnd\u0259 hekay\u0259 m\u00f6vzusidur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ryan Qaraba\u011fdan olan qocaman kommunist kimi orada Az\u0259rbaycana qar\u015f\u0131 apar\u0131lan i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q m\u00fcharib\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 naziri v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r y\u00fcks\u0259ldi v\u0259 bununla da az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00f6lg\u0259d\u0259n k\u00fctl\u0259vi sur\u0259td\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas g\u00fcnahkarlar\u0131ndan birin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u0259cav\u00fczkar m\u00fcharib\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259razisinin 20 faizini itirmi\u015f Az\u0259rbaycanda on minl\u0259rl\u0259 az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 k\u00fctl\u0259vi q\u0131r\u011f\u0131na m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015f, bir milyona yax\u0131n insan h\u0259r \u015feyini itir\u0259r\u0259k qa\u00e7q\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.
Ke\u00e7mi\u015f d\u00f6vl\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Levon Ter-Petrosyan bu fanatiki \u0130r\u0259vana \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131b ba\u015f nazir etdi. Lakin K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ryan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu kifay\u0259t etm\u0259di. 1998-ci ilin fevral\u0131nda o, himay\u0259dar\u0131n\u0131 devir\u0259r\u0259k h\u0259m d\u00f6vl\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada tan\u0131nmam\u0131\u015f «Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n» ilk prezidenti oldu. O, AT\u018fT-in t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259rinin yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259si, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6z \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 k\u0259ndl\u0259rin\u0259 qay\u0131tmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 he\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u00fcrd\u00fc. M\u00fcqayis\u0259 etm\u0259d\u0259n dey\u0259 bil\u0259rik ki, Haaqada ittiham olunan serbl\u0259rin lideri Milo\u015fevi\u00e7 K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ryanla m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 daha humanist g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Roma Papas\u0131 II \u0130ohann Pavelin h\u0259tta d\u00f6vl\u0259t ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 simas\u0131nda bel\u0259, K\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ryan kimi biri il\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcd etm\u0259d\u0259n \u0259l s\u0131xma\u011f\u0131 nec\u0259 bacard\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259lum deyil. H\u0259r halda, bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259m \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 Tanr\u0131s\u0131na cavab verm\u0259lidir. Erm\u0259nistanda Papan\u0131n ona h\u0259qiq\u0259t kimi t\u0259qdim edil\u0259n hadis\u0259l\u0259rin c\u00fczi bir hiss\u0259sin\u0259 bel\u0259 inanma\u011f\u0131 bacarmas\u0131ndan s\u00f6hb\u0259t ged\u0259 bilm\u0259z — Vatikan\u0131n k\u0259\u015ffiyyat xidm\u0259ti \u0259n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li xidm\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, Papa h\u0259varil\u0259r aras\u0131nda Pyotrun varisi, Erm\u0259ni Qriqorian Kils\u0259sinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 is\u0259 \u0259ksin\u0259, \u0259fsan\u0259l\u0259rin varisl\u0259ridir. Onlar h\u0259vari Taddeus v\u0259 Bartolomeyi \u00f6zl\u0259rinin ilk atalar\u0131 kimi q\u0259bul edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Erm\u0259nil\u0259r dig\u0259r m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, bu h\u0259varil\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n varisl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir fakta \u0259saslanmayaraq, guya d\u0259qiq tarixl\u0259r g\u0259tirirl\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Maarif\u00e7i Qriqori 301-325-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 erm\u0259ni kils\u0259sinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r (Maraql\u0131 fakt ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, Qriqorinin s\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir m\u0259lumat yoxdur). Ancaq s\u00f6hb\u0259t Qriqorinin 301-325-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 kils\u0259nin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olub-olmamas\u0131ndan getmir. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 ki, o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 erm\u0259ni kils\u0259sinin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fundan s\u00f6hb\u0259t ged\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi, \u00e7\u00fcnki o g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 «milli kils\u0259» anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 sad\u0259c\u0259 m\u00f6vcud deyildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ziddiyy\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 teoloji uy\u011funsuzluqlara baxmayaraq, xristianl\u0131q vahid bir b\u00fct\u00f6v din idi. Bizans, \u0130sg\u0259nd\u0259riyy\u0259, Roma aras\u0131nda hakimiyy\u0259t v\u0259 t\u0259sir dair\u0259si u\u011frunda h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 amans\u0131z m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Amma bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259 he\u00e7 vaxt irqi v\u0259 milli \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck u\u011frunda olmay\u0131b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, \u201cmilli kils\u0259\u201d n\u0259 dem\u0259kdir? T\u0259rifin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, «milli kils\u0259» Katolik Kils\u0259sind\u0259n ba\u015fqa m\u00f6vcud olan bir kils\u0259dir. Mill\u0259tin t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 da ola bil\u0259r, mill\u0259tin birliyini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Sonuncu kateqoriyaya bir \u00e7ox pravoslav milli kils\u0259l\u0259r (bolqar, yunan, rum\u0131n, kipr v\u0259 s.) daxildir. Onlar d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u201cD\u00f6vl\u0259t Kils\u0259si\u201d kimi tan\u0131n\u0131rlar (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Anqlikan v\u0259 ya Rus Pravoslav Kils\u0259l\u0259ri).
Katolik (\u00fcmumi) Kils\u0259si \u00f6z qanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 milli kils\u0259l\u0259ri tan\u0131m\u0131r. Onun t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 — m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n irql\u0259rin v\u0259 ya sinifl\u0259rin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rini deyil, «b\u00fct\u00fcn xalqlar\u0131» \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259k yer al\u0131r. \u201cMilli kils\u0259\u201d xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n beyn\u0259lmil\u0259l\u00e7ilikl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 postulatlar\u0131na ziddir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Tarix yeddi \u0130qumen Kils\u0259 \u015euras\u0131n\u0131 (r\u0259smi olaraq tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ali ruhanil\u0259rin m\u0259clisl\u0259rini) tan\u0131y\u0131r. Ham\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u0259cburi olan bu m\u0259clisl\u0259r iman\u0131n doqmalar\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259k s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 malik idil\u0259r. Erm\u0259ni kils\u0259si bu kafedrallardan yaln\u0131z ilk \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


T\u0259f\u0259rr\u00fcatlara varmadan dey\u0259c\u0259yik ki, ilk d\u00f6rd m\u0259clisd\u0259 M\u0259sihi kimin tan\u0131mas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 uzun m\u00fcbahis\u0259l\u0259r var idi: tanr\u0131, insan, yoxsa h\u0259m tanr\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259m insan eyni zamanda. 451-ci ild\u0259, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc, Xalkedon \u015euras\u0131nda, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 q\u0259bul edildi ki, M\u0259sih «… h\u0259m tanr\u0131n\u0131n, h\u0259m d\u0259 insan\u0131n x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 malikdir v\u0259 bir-birin\u0259 toxunmayan iki t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur.»<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Fars \u015fah\u0131 Bizans\u0131 z\u0259ifl\u0259tm\u0259k ist\u0259diyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn erm\u0259ni kils\u0259 xadiml\u0259rin\u0259 Xalkedon f\u0259rman\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259yi qada\u011fan etdi. Bunlar s\u0131rf siyasi s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 edildi. Erm\u0259ni ruhanil\u0259ri bu qada\u011faya b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259mnuniyy\u0259tl\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l etdil\u0259r v\u0259 d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc \u015furan\u0131n q\u0259rar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mad\u0131lar (yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n, y\u0259ni o zaman \u0130ran\u0131n bir b\u00f6lg\u0259sinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si orada i\u015ftirak etm\u0259mi\u015fdi). Erm\u0259nil\u0259r Konstantinopol v\u0259 Romadan m\u00fcst\u0259qil olmaq arzusunda idil\u0259r. \u00dcst\u0259lik, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin yunanlara x\u00fcsusi nifr\u0259tl\u0259ri var idi, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar\u0131n fikrinc\u0259, yunanlar \u00f6zl\u0259rini d\u00fcnyada \u0259n vacib xalq hesab edirdil\u0259r v\u0259 \u00f6zl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda \u00e7ox y\u00fcks\u0259k fikird\u0259 idil\u0259r. Liturgik xidm\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 r\u0259smi olaraq yunan dilind\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunurdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


506-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Dvind\u0259 (G\u00f6y\u00e7\u0259 g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn q\u0259rbind\u0259) katolikos Papkenin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 erm\u0259ni yepiskoplar\u0131n\u0131n toplant\u0131s\u0131 ke\u00e7irildi v\u0259 burada da eyni s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n, lakin x\u00fcsusil\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin Konstantinopola nifr\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 monofizitizm q\u0259bul edildi. Bu hadis\u0259 d\u00fcnya tarixinin ac\u0131 ironiyas\u0131d\u0131r: indiki zamanda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif yunan v\u0259 erm\u0259ni ekstremistl\u0259ri bir vaxtlar onlara din azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 vermi\u015f t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 qarda\u015fla\u015f\u0131rlar…<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Bel\u0259likl\u0259, erm\u0259nil\u0259r monofizit\u0259 \u00e7evrildil\u0259r. Monofizitizm Xristianl\u0131qda \u0130sa M\u0259sihd\u0259 yaln\u0131z bir v\u0259 yegan\u0259 \u0130lahi t\u0259bi\u0259tin (t\u0259bi\u0259tin) m\u00f6vcudlu\u011funu ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u0259n v\u0259 onun insan komponentini tan\u0131mayan doktrinad\u0131r. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259sas postulat\u0131 r\u0259dd edilir ki, \u0130sa b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259zab\u0131 q\u0259bul edib, bununla da onun g\u00fcnahlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0259ffar\u0259si olub. Erm\u0259ni ideyalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 o, he\u00e7 bir \u0259zab \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi. O, yaln\u0131z bir tanr\u0131d\u0131r, y\u0259ni. fiziki a\u011fr\u0131 hiss ed\u0259 bilm\u0259z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ancaq dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn xristian d\u00fcnyas\u0131, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Rus Pravoslav Kils\u0259si v\u0259 Rus Xristianlar\u0131 ilahiyyat v\u0259 tarix m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini d\u0259rk etm\u0259d\u0259n erm\u0259ni xristianlar\u0131 \u00f6z din qarda\u015flar\u0131 hesab edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alanda m\u0259lum olur ki, 2001-ci il erm\u0259ni kils\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yubiley ili deyil. Onlar\u0131n tarixind\u0259 301-ci il yoxdur! 301-ci ild\u0259 h\u0259varil\u0259r Taddeus v\u0259 Varfolomey t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Erm\u0259ni Milli Kils\u0259sinin \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyulmas\u0131 da bir mifdir. Erm\u0259ni kils\u0259si bu ild\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcn k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259, saxta uydurmalar\u0131 il\u0259 d\u00fcnya ictimaiyy\u0259tinin diqq\u0259tini Az\u0259rbaycana qar\u015f\u0131 davam ed\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259n yay\u0131nd\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \u018fv\u0259zind\u0259 erm\u0259ni kils\u0259si az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar haqq\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcns\u0259ydi, daha yax\u015f\u0131 olard\u0131…
\u201cYubiley\u201din qeyd olunmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi n\u0259dir? \u201c\u0130lk xristian d\u00f6vl\u0259ti\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lmaq h\u00fcququ onlara m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n imtiyazlar verir v\u0259 bu, qon\u015fu d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Bu t\u0259sir Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131ndan ba\u015flay\u0131r v\u0259 1915-ci il daxili m\u00fcharib\u0259, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstana qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259cav\u00fczkar m\u00fcharib\u0259, 1918-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259rb hiss\u0259sinin i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n oradan qovulmas\u0131 il\u0259 davam edir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar \u0259fsan\u0259vi \u015f\u0259hidl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda hekay\u0259l\u0259rin s\u0131x p\u0259rd\u0259si alt\u0131nda h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6zg\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131n\u0131n qanuniliyi ortaya \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


B\u0259s \u0259slind\u0259 Erm\u0259ni Qriqorian kils\u0259sinin ne\u00e7\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131 var? Bu suala konkret formada cavab verm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 \u201cxristianla\u015fma\u201d terminini a\u00e7maq laz\u0131md\u0131r. Leninist-stalinist terror rejimi v\u0259 \u201cd\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk ateist d\u00f6vl\u0259ti\u201dnin yarad\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 \u018fnv\u0259r Xoca \u00f6z xalqlar\u0131n\u0131 inanc\u0131ndan m\u0259hrum ed\u0259 bilm\u0259diyi kimi, \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r xristianl\u0131\u011fa b\u0259nz\u0259y\u0259n h\u0259r \u015fey\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xan III Trdat da bir f\u0259rmanla xalq\u0131n inanc\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fdir\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Bu fikir 313-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Milan Tolerantl\u0131q F\u0259rman\u0131na da aiddir. Bu f\u0259rmanla \u0130mperator Konstantin \u0259slind\u0259 xristianlar\u0131n dini azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131d\u0131. Konstantinopol 324-c\u00fc il noyabr\u0131n 8-d\u0259 Bizans\u0131n yeni paytaxt\u0131 kimi \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259sdiql\u0259dikd\u0259, 330-cu il may\u0131n 11-d\u0259 Roma \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n yeni paytaxt\u0131 kimi t\u0259qdis olundu\u011fu bayram t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri zaman\u0131 xristianlar k\u00f6hn\u0259 inanc\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rinin yan\u0131nda dayanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131 zorla yeni iman\u0131 q\u0259bul etm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur etm\u0259k, y\u0259ni xristianl\u0131q \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 qeyri-real olard\u0131. Lakin sonrak\u0131 h\u00f6kmdarlar yen\u0259 d\u0259 buna \u0259l atacaqd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


D\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn aliml\u0259ri yekdillikl\u0259 bildirirl\u0259r ki, erm\u0259ni kral\u0131 III Trdat imperator Diokletian\u0131n (xristianlar\u0131n son \u0259zabke\u015fi) vassal\u0131 olub v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259si Sasanil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n tutulark\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fc Romada s\u00fcrg\u00fcnd\u0259 olub. Diokletian xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259hv etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 son z\u0259rb\u0259l\u0259ri 303-304-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 vurmu\u015fdur v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 301-ci il Erm\u0259nistanda xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t dini kimi formala\u015fmas\u0131 ili ola bilm\u0259zdi.
Diokletian xristianlar\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 ola bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259yini bildir\u0259n d\u00f6rd f\u0259rman verdi. Dig\u0259r f\u0259rmanlar xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n r\u0259smi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 k\u00f6k\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0259sm\u0259k v\u0259 onu Roma tanr\u0131lar\u0131na qurban verm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Trdat\u0131n xristianl\u0131\u011fa qar\u015f\u0131 siyas\u0259tinin \u0259sas qurban\u0131 Maarif\u00e7i Qriqori idi. Kral onu 14 il \u0259sirlikd\u0259 saxlad\u0131. Qriqorinin s\u0259rb\u0259st burax\u0131lmas\u0131 313-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Midan F\u0259rman\u0131 q\u0259bul edildikd\u0259n sonra m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu. N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq ki, Konstantinin tolerantl\u0131q haqq\u0131nda f\u0259rman\u0131 he\u00e7 bir halda xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131n d\u00f6vl\u0259t dini kimi b\u0259rq\u0259rar olmas\u0131 dem\u0259k deyil, yaln\u0131z bu dinin s\u0259rb\u0259st \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sin\u0259 icaz\u0259 verirdi, onda 313-c\u00fc il xristian Erm\u0259nistan d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131 il ola bilm\u0259zdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Erm\u0259nistan Roma \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n \u015f\u0259rq n\u00f6qt\u0259si idi v\u0259 bu x\u0259b\u0259rin oraya \u00e7atmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n vaxt laz\u0131m idi, \u00fcst\u0259lik Qriqori \u00f6z dini d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259ni Trdat\u0131 \u00e7ox q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 v\u0259ftiz ed\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi. B\u0259li v\u0259 xristian dininin qaydalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k \u00e7ox vaxt t\u0259l\u0259b edirdi. Eyni zamanda, yeni dinin q\u0259buluna qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xan fars at\u0259\u015fp\u0259r\u0259stl\u0259ri d\u0259 var idi.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ARDI VAR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u0259nb\u0259: ru.echo.az<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259: Elnur S\u0259lim<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

O. BULANOVA Xristianlar\u0131n \u00e7oxu erm\u0259ni kils\u0259sini \u201cqarda\u015f\u201d hesab edir \u2013 deyirl\u0259r ki, biz d\u0259 xristian\u0131q, onlar da. Qafqazda xristianl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk q\u0259bul ed\u0259nl\u0259rin erm\u0259nil\u0259r oldu\u011fu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66738","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66738","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=66738"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66738\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":66740,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66738\/revisions\/66740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=66738"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=66738"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=66738"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}