{"id":71027,"date":"2022-05-21T13:08:29","date_gmt":"2022-05-21T09:08:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=71027"},"modified":"2022-06-05T18:02:46","modified_gmt":"2022-06-05T14:02:46","slug":"dunyada-nec%c9%99-samaxi-var","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=71027","title":{"rendered":"D\u00dcNYADA NE\u00c7\u018f \u015eAMAXI VAR?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 \u015eirvan\u015fahlar d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin paytaxt\u0131 olmu\u015f \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ridir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Yunan co\u011frafiya\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Klavdius Ptolomeyus (100\u2013170) qeyd edirdi ki, \u201c29 alban \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259n birinin ad\u0131 Kamexiyad\u0131r\u201d. G\u00fcman olunur ki, Kamexiya, \u0259slind\u0259, el\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ridir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Az\u0259rbaycan tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri Sara A\u015furb\u0259yli (1906\u20132001) v\u0259 Qiyas\u0259ddin Qeybullayev (1934\u20132002) bel\u0259 bir fikir ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcl\u0259r ki, \u201c\u015eamax\u0131 toponimi V v\u0259 VII \u0259sr \u0259rm\u0259n m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri ijmax tayfas\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. IV \u0259srd\u0259 M\u0259sq\u0259t (Massaget) h\u00f6kmdar\u0131n\u0131n qo\u015funu \u0259sas\u0259n hunlardan v\u0259 ijmaxlardan t\u0259\u015fkil olunmu\u015fdu\u201d. M\u0259sq\u0259t \u00f6lk\u0259si indiki Da\u011f\u0131stan\u0131n c\u0259nub hiss\u0259sind\u0259n v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015eirvan b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u018fr\u0259b tarix\u00e7isi \u018fhm\u0259d ibn B\u0259lazuri (820\u2013892) yaz\u0131rd\u0131 ki, bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259 \u015eirvan m\u0259liki olmu\u015f \u015e\u0259mmax ibn \u015eucan\u0131n (VIII \u0259sr) ad\u0131 verilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


B\u0259z\u0259n \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin ad\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259dim \u015eam (Suriya, \u0130ordaniya, Livan, F\u0259l\u0259stin, indiki \u0130srail) \u00f6lk\u0259sinin (vilay\u0259tinin) ad\u0131 il\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirirl\u0259r. Deyil\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201c\u015eam\u201d v\u0259 \u201c\u0259xi\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015f \u015eamax\u0131 toponimi \u201c\u015eam\u0131n qarda\u015f\u0131\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 ed\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bel\u0259 bir f\u0259rziyy\u0259 d\u0259 vard\u0131r ki, \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin ad\u0131 \u201c\u015fah\u201d titulundan v\u0259 \u0130ran dill\u0259rind\u0259ki \u201cmax\u201d (dayanacaq, d\u00fc\u015f\u0259rg\u0259, m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259) s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n


\u015eamax\u0131 toponimin\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259y\u0259n yer adlar\u0131 ba\u015fqa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00f6vcuddur. Onlardan b\u0259zil\u0259rin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salaq:<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u015eimaki<\/strong> \u2013 Pol\u015fan\u0131n Podlaskie v\u0259 Masovian voyevodal\u0131qlar\u0131nda iki k\u0259nd. Pol\u015fa q\u0259dim alan\u2013alban tayfas\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7 edib m\u0259skunla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u015eamaki <\/strong>\u2013 Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131n\u0131n Kirov vilay\u0259tinin Kiknur dair\u0259sind\u0259 \u201c\u00f6l\u00fc\u201d rus k\u0259ndi. Amma qeyd etm\u0259liyik ki, bu \u0259razil\u0259r \u0259ski zamanlarda tatar v\u0259 mari xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n yurd yerl\u0259ri olmu\u015fdur. Ola bilsin ki, \u015eamaki, \u0259slind\u0259, tatar toponimidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u015eamak<\/strong> \u2013 Ukrayna Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Kr\u0131m (Q\u0131r\u0131m) MR-d\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f tatar k\u0259ndi. 1944-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Kr\u0131m tatarlar\u0131n\u0131 Orta Asiyaya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn etdikd\u0259n sonra ruslar onun ad\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fib Baranovka qoymu\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u015eamaka <\/strong>\u2013 Qazax\u0131stan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Semey vilay\u0259tinin Jarma rayonunda k\u0259nd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u015eomekey<\/strong> \u2013 Qazax xalq\u0131n\u0131n Ki\u00e7ik Juzunun q\u0259dim tayfalar\u0131ndan biri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u015eumhay, \u015eumxay, \u015eemkay<\/strong> \u2013 Ukrayna Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Kr\u0131m MR-d\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f tatar k\u0259ndi. 1944-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Kr\u0131m tatarlar\u0131n\u0131 Orta Asiyaya s\u00fcrg\u00fcn etdikd\u0259n sonra ruslar onun ad\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fib Zare\u00e7noye qoymu\u015fdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u015e\u0259m\u0259x\u0259, \u015eemaxi <\/strong>\u2013 Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7elyabinsk vilay\u0259tinin Nyazepetrovsk rayonunda k\u0259nd v\u0259 onun yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan axan \u00e7ay. R\u0259vay\u0259t\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, 1713-c\u00fc ild\u0259 ba\u015fq\u0131rdlar\u0131n xatay tayfas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0131\u015flaq yerind\u0259 sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bu k\u0259nd h\u0259min tayfan\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015f \u015e\u0259m\u0259xullan\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. Deyil\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u015eemaxi ad\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 \u00e7aya, sonra is\u0259 onun onun sahilind\u0259 sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015f k\u0259nd\u0259 verilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n xatay tayfas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131 \u0259sas n\u0259slind\u0259n biri yalan (alan\u2013alban) adlan\u0131r. Ba\u015fq\u0131rd dilind\u0259 \u00e7\u00f6l\u0259, d\u00fcz\u0259nlik \u0259raziy\u0259 d\u0259 \u201cyalan\u201d deyilir. Xat\u0131rladaq ki, bu s\u00f6z dig\u0259r t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rind\u0259 \u201calan\u201d formas\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ha\u015fiy\u0259. Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f rus yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130van Katayev (1902\u20131937), Valentin Katayev (1897\u20131986), Pavel Katayev (1938\u20132019) v\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur \u201cOn iki stul\u201d \u0259s\u0259rinin h\u0259mm\u00fc\u0259llifi Yevgeni Petrov (1902\u20131942), riyaziyyat\u00e7\u0131 Andrey Kolmoqorov (1903\u20131987), b\u0259st\u0259kar \u0130lya Katayev (1939\u20132009), kinooperator Pyotr Katayev (1930\u20131986) rusla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ba\u015fq\u0131rd xataylar\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259slind\u0259ndirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


\u201cRF-nin genofondu\u201d (\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434.\u0440\u0444) portal\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259lumat\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n, bug\u00fcn\u0259d\u0259k DNT testind\u0259n ke\u00e7mi\u015f xataylar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 Y-xromosomlu R1A haploqrupunun Z2123 subklad\u0131n\u0131n da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, q\u0259dim skifl\u0259rin, sarmatlar\u0131n v\u0259 alanlar\u0131n \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli bir hiss\u0259si R1A haploqrupunun Z93, Z2123 v\u0259 Z2124 subkladlar\u0131na aid idi. Bu is\u0259 o dem\u0259kdir ki, ba\u015fq\u0131rd xataylar\u0131 q\u0259dim alanlar\u0131n (albanlar\u0131n) genetik varisl\u0259ri, y\u0259ni birba\u015fa t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Ara\u015fd\u0131rma prosesind\u0259 diqq\u0259timizi daha bir maraql\u0131 b\u0259nz\u0259rlik c\u0259lb etdi… \u00c7elyabinsk vilay\u0259tind\u0259ki \u015eemaxi \u00e7ay\u0131 \u00f6z m\u0259ns\u0259bini yerli ba\u015fq\u0131rd xataylar\u0131n\u0131n Bard\u0131 adland\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 da\u011f silsil\u0259sind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Xat\u0131rladaq ki, IV\u2013VII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131n\u0131n paytaxt\u0131 olmu\u015f dig\u0259r q\u0259dim \u015f\u0259h\u0259rimizin ad\u0131 B\u0259rd\u0259dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Onu da vur\u011fulamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, q\u0259dim tatar\u2013ba\u015fq\u0131rd torpaqlar\u0131nda Barda toponimi geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, RF-nin Perm diyar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck rayonlar\u0131ndan birinin ad\u0131 Bardad\u0131r. Rayon \u0259halisinin 91,3 faizi tatarlar v\u0259 ba\u015fq\u0131rdlard\u0131r. Barda rayonunun inzibati m\u0259rk\u0259zi v\u0259 \u0259n iri ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259si Barda adl\u0131 tatar\u2013ba\u015fq\u0131rd k\u0259ndidir. Perm diyar\u0131nda ya\u015fayan ba\u015fq\u0131rdlar h\u0259r il Barda k\u0259ndin\u0259 y\u0131\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131b orada Barda-ziyen adl\u0131 yaz bayram\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259 il\u0259 qeyd edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Perm diyar\u0131nda Bardaba\u015fka adl\u0131 daha iki ba\u015fq\u0131rd k\u0259ndi, Spaso-Barda adl\u0131 rus k\u0259ndi, Verxnyaya Barda v\u0259 Nijnyaya Barda adl\u0131 iki k\u0259nd, Barda v\u0259 Bardaba\u015fka adl\u0131 d\u00f6rd \u00e7ay da vard\u0131r. Tatarlar v\u0259 \u00e7uva\u015flar bu toponimi Barda formas\u0131nda, ba\u015fq\u0131rdlar is\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 Bard\u0131 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


N\u0259tic\u0259. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin ad\u0131 m\u0259hz q\u0259dim alan\u2013alban tayfas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259lidir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n


M\u00fc\u0259llif: Milli Kimlik Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 Qrupunun \u00fczv\u00fc Araz \u015e\u0259hrili<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n q\u0259dim ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 \u015eirvan\u015fahlar d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin paytaxt\u0131 olmu\u015f \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ridir. Yunan co\u011frafiya\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Klavdius Ptolomeyus (100\u2013170) qeyd edirdi ki, \u201c29<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":71030,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=71027"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71027\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":72359,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/71027\/revisions\/72359"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/71030"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=71027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=71027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=71027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}