{"id":78505,"date":"2022-08-14T03:15:17","date_gmt":"2022-08-13T23:15:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=78505"},"modified":"2022-08-14T03:24:00","modified_gmt":"2022-08-13T23:24:00","slug":"k%c9%99rb%c9%99la-saka-m%c9%99ns%c9%99li-toponimdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=78505","title":{"rendered":"K\u018fRB\u018fLA SAKA M\u018fN\u015e\u018fL\u0130 TOPON\u0130MD\u0130R&#8230;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>680-ci il oktyabr\u0131n 12-d\u0259 \u0130slam tarixinin \u0259n a\u011f\u0131r faci\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri ba\u015f verdi. H\u0259min g\u00fcn \u0130raq\u0131n K\u0259rb\u0259la adl\u0131 m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259sind\u0259 Muh\u0259mm\u0259d Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (570\u2013632) \u0259ziz n\u0259v\u0259si \u0130mam H\u00fcseynin (626\u2013680) c\u0259mi 73, b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 is\u0259, 145\u2013150 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t d\u0259st\u0259si \u018fm\u0259vil\u0259rin ikinci x\u0259lif\u0259si Yezidin (645\u2013683) b\u00f6y\u00fck ordusu il\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 girdi. \u0130mam H\u00fcseyn v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n\u0259 inadl\u0131 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k c\u0259ng meydan\u0131nda \u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 silah \u015f\u0259hid oldular.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0259rb\u0259la f\u0259lak\u0259ti \u0130slam tarixind\u0259 \u00e7ox d\u0259rin iz qoymu\u015fdur. On d\u00f6rd \u0259sr ke\u00e7m\u0259sin\u0259 baxmayaraq insanlar bu hadis\u0259ni unutmur, onun m\u00fcxt\u0259lif aspektl\u0259rini t\u0259hlil edir, s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini tapma\u011fa, bug\u00fcn\u0259d\u0259k davam ed\u0259n f\u0259sadlar\u0131n\u0131 aradan qald\u0131rma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Faci\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259n ki\u00e7ik detal da diqq\u0259td\u0259n k\u0259narda qalmam\u0131\u015f, \u0259trafl\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. T\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar bel\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fl\u0259r ki, qanl\u0131 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f verdiyi \u0259razinin K\u0259rb\u0259la adlanmas\u0131 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyildir. M\u0259hz buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259min toponimin m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 izah ed\u0259n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif f\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n bir qisminin fikrinc\u0259, K\u0259rb\u0259la yer ad\u0131 \u201ck\u0259rb\u201d v\u0259 \u201cb\u0259la\u201d (\u0259zab, \u0259ziyy\u0259t, b\u0259la) s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. F\u0259rqli variantlar da m\u00f6vcuddur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, co\u011frafiya\u015f\u00fcnas Yaqut \u0259l-H\u0259m\u0259vinin (1178\u20131229) ehtimal\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, q\u0259dim \u0259r\u0259b dilind\u0259 \u201ck\u0259rb\u0259lah\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc \u201cyum\u015faq torpaq\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 verirmi\u015f. Lakin bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni d\u0259 qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Yaqut \u0259l-H\u0259m\u0259vi x\u0259varic m\u0259zh\u0259bin\u0259 m\u0259nsub olmu\u015f, \u0130mam \u018fliy\u0259 (601\u2013661) v\u0259 onun n\u0259slin\u0259 \u015fidd\u0259tli \u0259dav\u0259t b\u0259sl\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-2 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><ul class=\"blocks-gallery-grid\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"297\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-1-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"78509\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=78509\" class=\"wp-image-78509\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-1-3.jpg 297w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-1-3-150x85.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 297px) 100vw, 297px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">K\u018fRB\u018fLA \u015e\u018fH\u018fR\u0130, \u0130RAQ<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"687\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/botulu.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"78510\" data-full-url=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/botulu.jpg\" data-link=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?attachment_id=78510\" class=\"wp-image-78510\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/botulu.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/botulu-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/botulu-150x101.jpg 150w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/botulu-768x515.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-item__caption\">XARBALA Q\u018fS\u018fB\u018fS\u0130, YAKUT\u0130YA (SAXA)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Toponimin fars dilind\u0259ki \u201ckaar\u201d v\u0259 \u201cbolo\u201d (\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaq, i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k) s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131 da deyilir. Dig\u0259r f\u0259rziyy\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, bu yerin ad\u0131 arami dilind\u0259ki \u201ckora\u201d (k\u0259rpic d\u00fcz\u0259ldil\u0259n yer) s\u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 Babil \u00f6lk\u0259 ad\u0131n\u0131n birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259n \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fd\u0131r. Guya onun ilkin formas\u0131 Korababil, y\u0259ni \u201cBabil \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn k\u0259rpic d\u00fcz\u0259ldil\u0259n yer\u201d olmu\u015fdur. Amma raz\u0131la\u015faq ki, K\u0259rb\u0259la v\u0259 Korababil adlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda b\u0259nz\u0259rlik tam deyildir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fn\u0259n\u0259y\u0259 sadiq qalaraq biz d\u0259 bu q\u0259na\u0259tind\u0259yik ki, K\u0259rb\u0259la \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn ad\u0131 il\u0259 \u018fhli-Beytin faci\u0259si aras\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131q m\u00f6vcuddur&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarixd\u0259n b\u0259llidir ki, q\u0259dim parfiyal\u0131lar\u0131n m\u0259nsub oldu\u011fu day tayfas\u0131 saka xalq\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si idi. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, vaxt\u0131 il\u0259 day tayfas\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7 etdiyi \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 \u2013 Qazax\u0131stan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259rbind\u0259 bug\u00fcn qazax xalq\u0131n\u0131n aday adl\u0131 \u00e7ox q\u0259dim v\u0259 olduqca d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fk\u0259n bir tayfas\u0131 ya\u015fay\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diqq\u0259t yetirs\u0259k g\u00f6r\u0259rik ki, qazax etnonimi \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 q\u0259dim saka xalq\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 qoruyub saxlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: Qazax \u2013 kay-sak. Onu da vur\u011fulayaq ki, ruslar qazaxlar\u0131 XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rin\u0259d\u0259k m\u0259hz \u00ab\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0433\u0438\u0441-\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0441\u0430\u043a\u00bb (q\u0131r\u011f\u0131z-kaysak) adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u201cKay\u0131\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 \u201cm\u00f6hk\u0259m\u201d, \u201cg\u00fccl\u00fc\u201d, \u201cq\u00fcdr\u0259tli\u201d kimi anlamlar\u0131 ifad\u0259 edirdi. Bu is\u0259 o dem\u0259kdir ki, kaysak etnonimi \u201cb\u00f6y\u00fck sak\u201d kimi t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Onu da xat\u0131rladaq ki, q\u0259dim yunanlar indiki Qazax\u0131stan \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri xalq\u0131 massaget adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>F\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n birin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, massaget s\u00f6z\u00fc q\u0259dim yunan dilind\u0259 \u201cb\u00f6y\u00fck sak xalq\u0131\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 verirmi\u015f. Bu fikri q\u00fcvv\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259n h\u0259m d\u0259 odur ki, q\u0259dim yunan tarix\u00e7isi Herodot (e.\u0259. 484\u2013425) massagetl\u0259ri m\u0259hz b\u00f6y\u00fck v\u0259 q\u00fcdr\u0259tli bir xalq kimi t\u0259svir etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Q\u0259dim saka xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas tayfalar\u0131ndan birinin ad\u0131 Bis\u00fctun yaz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n elam v\u0259 q\u0259dim pars variantlar\u0131nda \u201ctiqraxauda sakalar\u0131\u201d kimi qeyd olunmu\u015fdur. \u201cTiqraxauda\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc q\u0259dim dill\u0259rd\u0259 \u201c\u015fi\u015f, dik ucluqlu papaq\u201d anlam\u0131n\u0131 ifad\u0259 edirdi. Onun ilkin formas\u0131 akkad dilind\u0259 \u201cKarballatu\u201d olmu\u015f, arami dilind\u0259 \u201cKarb\u0259l\u0259\u201d \u015f\u0259klini alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ehtimala g\u00f6r\u0259, q\u0259dim d\u00fcnya d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin ordular\u0131nda xidm\u0259t etmi\u015f saka d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rinin bir hiss\u0259si ail\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 K\u0259rb\u0259la \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcnd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f, \u201cK\u0259rb\u0259la\u201d toponimi saka xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u201ctiqraxauda\u201d tayfa ad\u0131n\u0131n akkad dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ortaya \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bu yerd\u0259 Yaqut \u0259l-H\u0259m\u0259vinin f\u0259rziyy\u0259sin\u0259 \u2013 \u201cK\u0259rb\u0259la\u201d toponiminin \u201ck\u0259rb\u0259lah\u201d \u2013 \u201cyum\u015faq torpaq\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n yaranmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 ehtimala bir daha qay\u0131daq&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 buras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, m\u00fcasir Saxa dilind\u0259 \u201cbataql\u0131q yer\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 ver\u0259n \u201cxarbalax\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc vard\u0131r. Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131n\u0131n Saxa Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Taatta ulusunun iri k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259n birinin v\u0259 yax\u0131nl\u0131qdak\u0131 g\u00f6l\u00fcn ad\u0131 bel\u0259dir: Xarbalax.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Saxa Respublikas\u0131ndak\u0131 bu toponim iki s\u00f6z\u00fcn birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: Xar (Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259ki \u201cxar\u201d v\u0259 \u201cxarlanm\u0131\u015f\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 eyni k\u00f6k\u0259 malikdir) v\u0259 balax (q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 \u201cbalik\u201d \u2013 \u201c\u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u201d, \u201cyer\u201d).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Onu da qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259ki \u201cxar\u201d v\u0259 \u201cxarlanm\u0131\u015f\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259r\u0259b dilind\u0259ki \u201cxarab\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u0259 m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi eynidir. H\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7 s\u00f6z keyfiyy\u0259tin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259sini v\u0259 ya itm\u0259sini bildirir. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u201cfilank\u0259s xar oldu\u201d, \u201cbal xarlad\u0131\u201d, \u201c\u0259\u015fya xarab oldu\u201d. Saxa dilind\u0259ki &#171;xar&#187; (bataql\u0131q) s\u00f6z\u00fc is\u0259 dilimizd\u0259ki &#171;xarlanm\u0131\u015f&#187; s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 daha yax\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>P.S.<\/strong> <strong><em>\u201cYum\u015faq torpaq\u201d (k\u0259rb\u0259lah) v\u0259 \u201cbataql\u0131q yer\u201d (xarbalax) s\u00f6zl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda semantik yax\u0131nl\u0131q m\u00f6vcuddurmu? M\u00fclahiz\u0259 y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u0259yi oxucunun ixtiyar\u0131na burax\u0131r\u0131q&#8230;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u00fc\u0259llif: Milli Kimlik Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 Qrupunun \u00fczv\u00fc <span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Araz \u015e\u0259hrili<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>680-ci il oktyabr\u0131n 12-d\u0259 \u0130slam tarixinin \u0259n a\u011f\u0131r faci\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri ba\u015f verdi. H\u0259min g\u00fcn \u0130raq\u0131n K\u0259rb\u0259la adl\u0131 m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259sind\u0259 Muh\u0259mm\u0259d Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (570\u2013632) \u0259ziz n\u0259v\u0259si \u0130mam<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":78507,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-78505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kos"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78505","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=78505"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78505\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":78512,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/78505\/revisions\/78512"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/78507"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=78505"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=78505"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=78505"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}