{"id":80271,"date":"2022-09-04T01:26:07","date_gmt":"2022-09-03T21:26:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=80271"},"modified":"2022-09-04T01:26:10","modified_gmt":"2022-09-03T21:26:10","slug":"turk-c%c9%99miyy%c9%99tind%c9%99-qadinlarin-rolu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=80271","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrk c\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n rolu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1. T\u00fcrk D\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vqeyi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orta Asiya t\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin ham\u0131s\u0131nda (skifl\u0259r, hunlar, g\u00f6kt\u00fcrkl\u0259r, uy\u011furlar) qad\u0131nlar\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm h\u00fcquq v\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a>M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, skifl\u0259rd\u0259 bel\u0259 bir \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 var idi ki, h\u0259r bir qad\u0131n skif ki\u015fil\u0259ri kimi d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fc v\u0259 \u0259sg\u0259r kimi yeti\u015fdirilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 skif k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri qad\u0131nlar\u0131 h\u0259r m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 ki\u015fil\u0259ri il\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r vuru\u015furdular. T\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259ki t\u00fcrk qad\u0131nlar\u0131 bel\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri b\u00f6y\u00fck l\u0259yaq\u0259t v\u0259 l\u0259yaq\u0259tl\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fslind\u0259, onlar el\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 o q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t edirdil\u0259r ki, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Metenin q\u0131z\u0131 B\u00f6y\u00fck Hun \u0130mperiyas\u0131 ad\u0131ndan \u00c7inl\u0259 ilk s\u00fclh m\u00fcqavil\u0259sini imzalam\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Qad\u0131nlars\u0131z he\u00e7 bir i\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259zdi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hunlar d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n qad\u0131n-ki\u015fi ayr\u0131-se\u00e7kiliyi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, qad\u0131n ki\u015fil\u0259rin tamamlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 kimi q\u0259bul edildiyind\u0259n qad\u0131ns\u0131z he\u00e7 bir i\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fslind\u0259, xaqan\u0131n \u0259mrl\u0259ri yaln\u0131z \u201cHakan \u0259mr edir\u201d ifad\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u015flasayd\u0131, etibarl\u0131 say\u0131lmazd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xarici d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin s\u0259firl\u0259ri t\u0259kc\u0259 xaqan\u0131n h\u00fczuruna g\u0259lmirdil\u0259r. El\u00e7il\u0259rin q\u0259bulu zaman\u0131 xatun xaqan\u0131n yan\u0131nda olmal\u0131 idi. B\u0259z\u0259n qad\u0131nlar s\u0259firl\u0259ri t\u0259k q\u0259bul edirdil\u0259r. Misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, Avropa Hun \u00f6lk\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n s\u0259firl\u0259r Atillan\u0131n arvad\u0131 Ar\u0131\u011f-Han t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259bul edilir v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259ri m\u00fczakir\u0259 olunurdu. Q\u0259bul m\u0259rasiml\u0259rind\u0259,<\/p>\n\n\n\n

q\u0259bul v\u0259 ziyaf\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 xatun xaqan\u0131n solunda otururdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Siyasi v\u0259 inzibati m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 qulaq asar, fikrini bildir\u0259r, h\u0259tta m\u00fcharib\u0259 m\u0259clisl\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015ftirak ed\u0259rdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti G\u00f6kalp \u201cQ\u0259dim tayfalardan he\u00e7 bir tayfa t\u00fcrkl\u0259r q\u0259d\u0259r qad\u0131n cinsin\u0259 haqq v\u0259 h\u00f6rm\u0259t qoymam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u201d kimi izah edil\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. T\u00fcrk Mifologiyas\u0131nda Qad\u0131n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk mifologiyas\u0131nda qad\u0131n \u00e7ox y\u00fcks\u0259k m\u00f6vqed\u0259 t\u0259svir edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cYarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f dastan\u0131na\u201d g\u00f6r\u0259, qad\u0131n kainat\u0131n yaranmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olan ilham m\u0259nb\u0259yi kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc. T\u00fcrk dastanlar\u0131nda is\u0259 qad\u0131n ilahi varl\u0131qd\u0131r. Be\u015f duy\u011fu orqan\u0131 il\u0259 ona \u00e7atmaq, toxunmaq, iyl\u0259m\u0259k, bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, onu d\u0259rk etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yarad\u0131l\u0131\u015f dastan\u0131nda \u00dclgen\u0259 (Tanr\u0131) insanlar\u0131 v\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131 yaratmaq ideyas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 ilham\u0131n\u0131 ver\u0259n «A\u011f Ana» adl\u0131 qad\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O\u011fuz Ka\u011fan\u0131n birinci arvad\u0131 s\u0259madan qaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yar\u0131b ke\u00e7\u0259n mavi i\u015f\u0131qdan, ikinci arvad\u0131 is\u0259 m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s a\u011facdan do\u011fulmu\u015f f\u00f6vq\u0259lb\u0259\u015f\u0259r bir varl\u0131q idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk mifologiyas\u0131ndak\u0131 tanr\u0131\u00e7alardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u011f Ana: Sonsuz sulardan \u00dclgen\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k \u201cYaratmaq\u201d \u0259mrini ver\u0259n tanr\u0131\u00e7ad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Umay Ana: U\u015faqlar\u0131 v\u0259 heyvanlar\u0131 qoruyan ilah\u0259.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ay\u0131s\u0131t: g\u00f6z\u0259llik ilah\u0259si. U\u015faqlara ruhlar\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcbey xatun: Do\u011fum ilah\u0259si.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Asena: R\u0259hb\u0259rlik ed\u0259n, r\u0259hb\u0259rlik ed\u0259n ilah\u0259.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6t\u00fck\u0259n: D\u00f6vl\u0259ti qoruyan v\u0259 h\u00f6kmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259n ilah\u0259.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 Uy\u011furlarda qad\u0131nlar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u00f6kt\u00fcrkl\u0259r v\u0259 uy\u011furlar aras\u0131nda xan\u0131n arvad\u0131 olan xatun \u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259 s\u00f6z sahibi idi. S\u0259r\u0259ncamlar t\u0259kc\u0259 xaqan ad\u0131ndan deyil, xaqan v\u0259 xatun ad\u0131ndan birg\u0259 imzalan\u0131rd\u0131. Orxon kitab\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t i\u015fini bil\u0259n katunlar\u0131n (xatunlar\u0131n) ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xan\u0131n arvad\u0131 olan Xatun da xaqan kimi ad\u0259t\u0259 uy\u011fun bu kabinetd\u0259 oturur v\u0259 xaqanla birlikd\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259ni idar\u0259 edirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orxon kitab\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u201cXakan v\u0259 Xatun Buyru\u011fu\u201d s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u015flayan ifad\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 rast g\u0259linir. Bu s\u00f6zl\u0259r \u0130slamdan \u0259vv\u0259lki t\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n idar\u0259\u00e7ilikd\u0259 s\u00f6z sahibi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kutluk d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin h\u00f6kmdarlar\u0131 Bilg\u0259 Ka\u011fan v\u0259 K\u00fcltiginin ad\u0131na ucald\u0131lan abid\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n xalqdan f\u0259rqli oldu\u011fu ifad\u0259 edilir. «Yuxar\u0131da T\u00fcrk Tanr\u0131s\u0131 t\u00fcrk\u00fcn m\u00fcbar\u0259k \u00f6lk\u0259sini bel\u0259 t\u0259nziml\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Atam \u0130lteri\u015f Ka\u011fan v\u0259 anam \u0130lbilg\u0259 Xatunu (Tanr\u0131) xalq\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259n al\u0131n\u0131b ucald\u0131l\u0131b ki, t\u00fcrk mill\u0259ti m\u0259hv olmas\u0131n, mill\u0259t olsun.\u201d Bu ifad\u0259l\u0259r Orta Asiya t\u00fcrkl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n siyasi v\u0259 ictimai m\u00f6vqeyinin g\u00f6st\u0259ricisidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir fakt\u0131 da \u0259lav\u0259 etm\u0259k ist\u0259rdim. S\u0259lcuqlu hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u00fcrk g\u0259l\u0259n\u0259kl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparan Nizam\u00fclm\u00fclk\u00fcn pis \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259n \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n T\u00fcrkan Xatun t\u00fcrk bilgini Hasan Sabbah\u0131 saraya d\u0259v\u0259t edir. Tarixin istehzas\u0131na bax\u0131n ki, bu g\u00fcn T\u00fcrk g\u0259l\u0259n\u0259yini qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u00fcrk d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259ni fars Nizam\u00fclm\u00fclk\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 qalxan t\u00fcrk\u0259 — xa\u015fxa\u015fi, terror\u00e7u, \u0259r\u0259b, fars v\u0259 s. kimi adlar ver\u0259nl\u0259r, n\u0259d\u0259ns\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259nin \u0259sil mahiyy\u0259tind\u0259n yan ke\u00e7irl\u0259r. Hasan Sabbah\u0131n s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rini o\u011furlayaraq Nizam\u00fclm\u00fclk onu Sultan\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n sal\u0131r v\u0259 \u00fcst\u0259lik sarayda xatunlar\u0131n s\u00f6z sahibliyin\u0259 son ver\u0259n bir f\u0259rman imzalatd\u0131rma\u011fa nail olaraq, T\u00fcrkan xatunun hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259ki m\u00f6vqeyini m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r (X. \u018fd\u0259bo\u011flu).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. D\u00f6vl\u0259t v\u0259 Ordu Ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 olmu\u015f Qad\u0131nlar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zaman-zaman qad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda d\u00f6vl\u0259t siyas\u0259tin\u0259 istiqam\u0259t ver\u0259nl\u0259r d\u0259 olub. Misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, Sabar (Sibir) xan\u0131 Balak xan v\u0259fat etdikd\u0259n sonra onun yerin\u0259 arvad\u0131 Boar\u0131k Xatun ke\u00e7di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0130LK O\u011eUZLARDA EVL\u0130L\u0130K \u018fN\u018fN\u018fS\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamdan \u0259vv\u0259lki o\u011fuz tayfalar\u0131nda qohum nikah\u0131 yox idi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ndiki o\u011fuz, y\u0259ni \u00f6z aram\u0131zda qohum evliliyi \u0259r\u0259b m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tind\u0259n biz\u0259 g\u0259lib \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bir mill\u0259tin se\u00e7diyi din o mill\u0259t\u0259 h\u0259r c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n t\u0259sir edir. \u0130slamdan \u0259vv\u0259lki o\u011fuz tayfalar\u0131 bel\u0259 evl\u0259nirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Av\u015far tayfas\u0131n\u0131n (a) oyma\u011f\u0131ndan, (b) obas\u0131ndan (c) qrupundan olan v\u0259 evl\u0259nm\u0259 vaxt\u0131 \u00e7atan bir g\u0259nc \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259 (b\u0259yi), sonra is\u0259 oba (b\u0259yi) v\u0259 q\u0259bil\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 icaz\u0259 al\u0131rd\u0131. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, ba\u015fqa o\u011fuz boylar\u0131nda \u0259r\u0259 getm\u0259 ya\u015f\u0131na \u00e7atm\u0131\u015f q\u0131zlara y\u00f6nl\u0259ndiril\u0259n bu Av\u015far o\u011flan Kay\u0131 tayfas\u0131n\u0131n bir tayfas\u0131na \u00e7atar v\u0259 orada \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0131z se\u00e7\u0259rdi. \u018fg\u0259r se\u00e7diyi q\u0131z\u0131n \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259rini q\u0259bul ets\u0259ydi, evlilik olar v\u0259 toy edil\u0259rdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamdan \u0259vv\u0259lki O\u011fuzlarda u\u015faq ya\u015fda v\u0259 evl\u0259n\u0259nl\u0259rin raz\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmadan nikah yox idi. Y\u0259ni, h\u0259tta q\u0131rx ya\u015fl\u0131 ki\u015finin on be\u015f ya\u015fl\u0131 q\u0131za can atmas\u0131 haram say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dcst\u0259lik, O\u011fuzlar t\u00f6r\u0259 il\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t edirdi. \u0130slamdan \u0259vv\u0259lki o\u011fuzlarda g\u0259lin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 ba\u015fl\u0131q pulu yox idi v\u0259 q\u0131z t\u0259r\u0259fi cehiz haz\u0131rlay\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O d\u00f6vr\u0259 uy\u011fun olan kilim, \u00e7ad\u0131r kimi \u0259\u015fyalar q\u0131z\u0131n cehizi say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yuvan\u0131 di\u015fi qu\u015f qurur deyimi d\u0259 bununla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. O\u011fuz q\u0131zlar\u0131 \u00f6zl\u0259rini \u015eahin kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcb hans\u0131 qayada yuva quracaqlar\u0131na q\u0259rar ver\u0259rdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130slamdan \u0259vv\u0259lki o\u011fuzlarda olan bu evlilik \u0259n\u0259n\u0259si Az\u0259rbaycanda, T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistanda indi d\u0259 davam edir. T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistanda bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 qohum evliliyi yoxdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, Az\u0259rbaycanda q\u0131z t\u0259r\u0259fi cehiz verir, o\u011flan t\u0259r\u0259fi is\u0259 cehiz vermir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130stifad\u0259 olunan m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r: Osman Karatay «\u0130lk O\u011fuzlar», \u0130\u015f\u0131lay \u00c7engiz -Fb, Xaqani \u018fd\u0259bo\u011flu «T\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fckd\u0259 S\u0259lcuqlu x\u0259st\u0259liyi»<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haz\u0131rlad\u0131: N. M\u0259mm\u0259dli<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1. T\u00fcrk D\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n m\u00f6vqeyi Orta Asiya t\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rinin ham\u0131s\u0131nda (skifl\u0259r, hunlar, g\u00f6kt\u00fcrkl\u0259r, uy\u011furlar) qad\u0131nlar\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm h\u00fcquq v\u0259 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri vard\u0131r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, skifl\u0259rd\u0259 bel\u0259 bir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80273,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=80271"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80271\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80274,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80271\/revisions\/80274"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/80273"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=80271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=80271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=80271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}