{"id":80597,"date":"2022-09-08T03:05:52","date_gmt":"2022-09-07T23:05:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=80597"},"modified":"2022-09-08T03:05:56","modified_gmt":"2022-09-07T23:05:56","slug":"%c9%99xilik-%c9%99xi-%c9%99vran-v%c9%99-%c9%99xilik-nizamnam%c9%99si-futuvetnam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=80597","title":{"rendered":"\u018fX\u0130L\u0130K \u2013 \u018fX\u0130 \u018fVRAN V\u018f \u018fX\u0130L\u0130K N\u0130ZAMNAM\u018fS\u0130 (F\u00dcT\u00dcVETNAM)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Yazar: Necdet Bayraktaro\u011flu<\/mark><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Xalqlar\u0131n tarixi ke\u00e7mi\u015fi, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259ri h\u0259m iqtisadi z\u0259nginliyi, h\u0259m d\u0259 sosial y\u00f6nl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb edir. T\u00fcrk tarixind\u0259 bu s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259r v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u0259xlaq \u00e7ox \u00f6n\u0259mlidir v\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm yer tutur. M\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259timizin v\u0259 sivilizasiyam\u0131z\u0131n mahiyy\u0259tini t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n \u0259xilik xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n Orta Asiyada ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc bir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tdir. M\u00fcs\u0259lman t\u00fcrk \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259m d\u00fcnya, h\u0259m d\u0259 axir\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Orta Asiya v\u0259 Anadoluda qurdu\u011fu bir sivilizasiya \u0259s\u0259ridir. \u018fxilik \u201ciman\u0131 elml\u0259 qidaland\u0131rmaq v\u0259 onu \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259 formala\u015fd\u0131rmaqd\u0131r\u201d. Dini-pe\u015f\u0259kar xarakter da\u015f\u0131yan m\u0259d\u0259ni, sosial v\u0259 iqtisadi formasiya olub, h\u0259m d\u00fcny\u0259vi, h\u0259m d\u0259 axir\u0259t \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri olan, m\u0259n\u0259vi v\u0259 maddi s\u00fctunu olan bir sistemdir. \u018fxiliyin m\u0259n\u0259vi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r \u0259xlaq\u0131 v\u0259 \u00f6z rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fqalar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn f\u0259da etm\u0259k anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 var. \u201cAllah yolunda infaq et, \u00f6z \u0259linl\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259y\u0259 atma, i\u015fini yax\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r, \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259siz ki, Allah yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131q ed\u0259nl\u0259ri sevir\u201d ilahi h\u00f6km\u00fc v\u0259 \u201c\u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131s\u0131 insanlara faydal\u0131 olanlard\u0131r\u201d. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, \u018fxlaq\u0131n maddi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259xlaqi qaydalara uy\u011fun i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k, istehsal etm\u0259k, qazanmaq var. Bu, h\u0259m d\u0259 siyasi, h\u0259rbi v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni aspektl\u0259ri olan, sosial v\u0259 iqtisadi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n, insanlar aras\u0131nda h\u0259mr\u0259ylik v\u0259 birlik yaratma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan insanlar aras\u0131nda sevgi, h\u00f6rm\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n bir s\u0259r\u0259ncamd\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxi camaat\u0131 h\u0259m i\u015f yeri, h\u0259m m\u0259kt\u0259b, h\u0259m ail\u0259 oca\u011f\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 dolan\u0131\u015f\u0131q m\u0259nb\u0259yidir. \u018fxilik minillikl\u0259r boyu davam ed\u0259n t\u00fcrk m\u0259d\u0259ni sivilizasiyas\u0131 il\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin q\u0259bul etdiyi \u0130slam dini v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin qayna\u015fmas\u0131ndan do\u011fan bir m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t sistemidir. T\u00fcrkl\u0259r \u0130slam dinin\u0259 daxil olark\u0259n bu dinin bir \u00e7ox prinsipl\u0259rin\u0259, d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 qurumlar\u0131na can atm\u0131\u015f, bu dinl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, t\u00fcrk-islam ruhuna v\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131na \u00f6z m\u0259d\u0259ni d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rini d\u0259 qatm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkl\u0259r \u0130slam dini il\u0259 \u015f\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259ndikd\u0259n sonra T\u00fcrk\u00fcstandan Anadoluya q\u0259d\u0259r co\u011frafiyada tacir v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar aras\u0131nda bir ba\u011f\u0131n v\u0259 qarda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ancaq bir t\u0259\u015fkilatla h\u0259mr\u0259ylik v\u0259 birlik i\u00e7ind\u0259 olaca\u011f\u0131na inanm\u0131\u015f, axtarm\u0131\u015f, tapd\u0131qlar\u0131 \u0259xi nizam\u0131 t\u0259tbiq etmi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxi s\u00f6z\u00fc t\u00fcrkc\u0259 \u201cak\u0131\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n olub, \u201c\u0259li a\u00e7\u0131q, s\u0259xav\u0259tli, igid\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 verir. \u018fxi s\u00f6z\u00fc \u0259r\u0259bc\u0259 \u201cqarda\u015f\u0131m\u201d dem\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-80600\" width=\"1029\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.jpg 292w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-150x88.jpg 150w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/\u0411\u0435\u0437-\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f-184x109.jpg 184w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1029px) 100vw, 1029px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxiliyin ilk b\u00fcn\u00f6vr\u0259sini f\u00fct\u00fcvvetnam\u0259l\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edir. \u0130slam \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7ox-\u00e7ox \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r m\u00f6vcud olan f\u00fctuvv\u0259t il\u0259 yax\u0131ndan maraqlanan t\u00fcrkl\u0259r onu XI \u0259srd\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 inki\u015faf etdirmi\u015fl\u0259r. F\u00fctuvv\u0259t m\u0259fhumu f\u0259dakarl\u0131q, yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131q, k\u00f6m\u0259klik, xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7ilik, tolerantl\u0131q v\u0259 n\u0259fsi idar\u0259 etm\u0259k kimi f\u0259zil\u0259tl\u0259ri ifad\u0259 edir. \u201cF\u00fct\u00fcvv\u0259t\u201d, \u201cfeta\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn k\u00f6k\u00fc n\u0259fsin\u0259 qalib g\u0259l\u0259n insand\u0131r. F\u00fctuvv\u0259y\u0259 sahib olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn doqquz add\u0131m var. Yetkin v\u0259 kamil insan olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu add\u0131mlar\u0131 ke\u00e7m\u0259k laz\u0131m idi. Bunlar s\u00f6z\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259k, do\u011fruluq, g\u00fcv\u0259n, s\u0259xav\u0259t, t\u0259vaz\u00f6karl\u0131q, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamaq, t\u0259qva, ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n eybini g\u00f6rm\u0259m\u0259k, yetkin insan olmaqd\u0131r. Bu f\u00fctuvv\u0259tnam\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259ki h\u00f6kml\u0259r bir \u00e7ox m\u0259zh\u0259bl\u0259r v\u0259 dini c\u0259miyy\u0259tl\u0259r, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u0259xil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259bul edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxilik, S\u0259lcuqlu v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fckl\u0259ri \u018fxi \u018fvran\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 K\u0131r\u015fehird\u0259 yay\u0131lan ictimai, m\u0259d\u0259ni, iqtisadi v\u0259 siyasi y\u00f6nl\u0259ri olan milli, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t, iman, \u0259xlaq, \u015f\u00fcca\u0259t v\u0259 cihad h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n qurucusu \u018fxi \u018fvrand\u0131r. 1171-ci ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Xoy \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 anadan olub, \u0259sl ad\u0131 N\u0259sir\u0259ddin Mahmut Xoydur. M\u0259\u015fhur alim F\u0259hruddin Razid\u0259n elm, \u015eehab\u00fcddin S\u00fchreverdid\u0259n is\u0259 mistik elm d\u0259rsl\u0259ri al\u0131b. Sonra Abbasi x\u0259lif\u0259si Nasir Lidinillah\u0131n d\u0259v\u0259ti il\u0259 f\u00fctuvv\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131na qo\u015fuldu. \u0130slam elml\u0259ri, f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259, iqtisadiyyat, biznesin idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si, tibb, kimya, siyas\u0259t v\u0259 sosiologiya sah\u0259sind\u0259 biliy\u0259 malik idi. XIII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 S\u0259lcuq Sultan\u0131 I Qiyas\u0259ddin Keyxosrov d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Muhiddin \u018fr\u0259bi v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimi Evhad\u0259ddin K\u0131rmani il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Anadoluya g\u0259ldi. O, m\u00fc\u0259lliminin q\u0131z\u0131 Fatma Bac\u0131 il\u0259 ail\u0259 qurub. 1205-ci ild\u0259 Kayseriy\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259n \u018fxi \u018fvran dabbaql\u0131qla (d\u0259ri emalatxanas\u0131-dabbaqxana) m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. \u0130\u015fl\u0259ri bir dam alt\u0131nda t\u0259\u015fkil etdi. F\u00fctuvvetnam\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n nizamnam\u0259sini yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Qaydalar tacir v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar aras\u0131nda h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015fland\u0131. \u018fxi icmas\u0131 \u0130slam \u0259xlaq\u0131 v\u0259 t\u00fcrk ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259sas\u0131nda yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. D\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r d\u0259 m\u00f6vcud idi. Halbuki Anadoluda \u0259xi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015faf etdir\u0259n v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilini t\u0259min ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259xs \u018fxi \u018fvran olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 Anadoluda t\u00fcrkl\u00fcy\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck xidm\u0259tl\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Zamanla b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6lk\u0259y\u0259 yay\u0131ld\u0131. \u015e\u0259rqi T\u00fcrk vilay\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri olaraq ya\u015fayan, dolan\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 heyvandarl\u0131qla t\u0259min ed\u0259n bir \u00e7ox t\u00fcrkm\u0259n, Malazgirt q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si il\u0259 Anadoluya a\u00e7\u0131lan qap\u0131dan Anadoluya k\u00f6\u00e7 etdi. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, onlar monqollar\u0131n t\u0259qibind\u0259n qa\u00e7\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u018fxil\u0259r onlar\u0131 \u0259kin\u00e7ilik h\u0259yat\u0131na daxil etm\u0259y\u0259, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r v\u0259 q\u0259s\u0259b\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131na tacir, f\u0259hl\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259tkar kimi \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \u018fxil\u0259r bu xidm\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 laz\u0131m g\u0259ldikd\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u00fcdafi\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259 i\u015ftirak edirdil\u0259r. Onlar xalq\u0131 g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkilatland\u0131rd\u0131lar. Onlar \u0259xil\u0259r\u0259 silahdan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k, at s\u00fcrm\u0259k, ox, q\u0131l\u0131nc v\u0259 qalxandan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k kimi h\u0259rbi t\u0259liml\u0259r verirdil\u0259r. Axiyan-\u0131 Rum (Anadolu \u018fxil\u0259ri), Qaziyan-\u0131 Rum (Anadolu Qazil\u0259ri), Baciyan-\u0131 Rum (Anadolu Qad\u0131nlar\u0131), Abdalan-\u0131 Rum (Anadolu Zahidl\u0259ri) kimi birlikl\u0259r yaratd\u0131lar. \u018fxi \u018fvran\u0131n h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 Fatma Ana t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qurulan Baciyan-\u0131 Rum t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 d\u00fcnyada ilk qad\u0131n t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131d\u0131r. Anadolu qad\u0131nlar\u0131na bu birlik himay\u0259darl\u0131q edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u018fxil\u0259rin nizamnam\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0259xinin \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feyi a\u00e7\u0131q olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1-\u018fli a\u00e7\u0131qd\u0131r 2-Qap\u0131s\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131qd\u0131r 3-S\u00fcfr\u0259si a\u00e7\u0131qd\u0131r<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u00dc\u00e7 \u015feyi is\u0259 qapal\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. G\u00f6z\u00fc 2- Dili 3- Belini ba\u011fl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxilikd\u0259 g\u0259ncl\u0259r\u0259 ya\u015f v\u0259 t\u0259hsil m\u00fcdd\u0259tin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq \u0259xlaq, \u00fcsul v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259t haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat verilirdi. \u015eagirdlik v\u0259 \u015fagirliyin 124 \u00fcsul v\u0259 prinsipl\u0259ri \u00f6yr\u0259dilirdi. Yuxar\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259 740 proseduru bilm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bu qaydalar t\u0259dric\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259dilirdi. Ciddi imtahandan ke\u00e7\u0259n v\u0259 ustal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcbut ed\u0259n bir kalfaya m\u0259rasiml\u0259 ustal\u0131q \u015f\u0259r\u0259fi verilirdi. M\u0259rasimd\u0259 \u018fxi baba ustad\u0131n qula\u011f\u0131na bu s\u00f6zl\u0259ri dey\u0259rdi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cHarama baxma, haram yem\u0259, haram i\u00e7m\u0259, do\u011fru s\u00f6zl\u00fc, s\u0259birli, d\u00f6z\u00fcml\u00fc ol, yalan dan\u0131\u015fma, b\u00f6y\u00fckl\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fma, he\u00e7 k\u0259si aldatma, q\u0259na\u0259tkar ol, d\u00fcnya mal\u0131na tamah salma, yanl\u0131\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259, t\u0259r\u0259ziy\u0259 \u0259skik qoyma, g\u00fccl\u00fc v\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcn oldu\u011fun zaman ba\u011f\u0131\u015fla, ehtiyac duydu\u011fun zaman da ba\u015fqalar\u0131na ver\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fclayim v\u0259 s\u0259xav\u0259tli olma\u011f\u0131 bil.\u201d Daha sonra ustan\u0131n belind\u0259ki kalfal\u0131q ba\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 ustan\u0131n belin\u0259 ba\u011flan\u0131rd\u0131. Usta olan bu adam yeni i\u015f a\u00e7a yeri bil\u0259rdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u018fxilik nizamnam\u0259sind\u0259 \u0259xiliy\u0259 namiz\u0259dl\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259dil\u0259n b\u0259zi qaydalar bel\u0259 idi:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1-Yax\u015f\u0131 xasiyy\u0259tli v\u0259 xo\u015f xasiyy\u0259tli olmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2-\u0130\u015fd\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259yatda do\u011fru v\u0259 etibarl\u0131 olmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3-V\u0259din\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 sadiq olmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4-Xidm\u0259td\u0259 ayr\u0131-se\u00e7kilik etm\u0259m\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5-Yax\u015f\u0131 i\u015fin qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda he\u00e7 n\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259m\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6-G\u00fcl\u00fcms\u0259r v\u0259 yum\u015faq dan\u0131\u015fan olmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7-X\u0259talar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259 vurmadan s\u0259hvl\u0259ri aradan qald\u0131rmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8- Pislik ed\u0259n\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131q etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9-T\u0259vaz\u00f6kar olmaq.10-He\u00e7 k\u0259si danlamamaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11-Ana v\u0259 babaya h\u00f6rm\u0259t etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12-Qeyb\u0259ti t\u0259rk etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>13-Qon\u015fuya yax\u015f\u0131l\u0131q etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>14-Ba\u015fqas\u0131n\u0131n mal\u0131na x\u0259yan\u0259t etm\u0259m\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>15-S\u0259brli olmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>16-S\u0259xav\u0259t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>17-H\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 haqqa t\u0259r\u0259fdar olmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>18-Q\u0259z\u0259bini cilovlamaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>19-Sirr saxlamaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>20-Halaldan qazanmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>21-Kas\u0131b\u0131 sevm\u0259k, yoxsul insanlara k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>22-H\u0259ya sahibi olmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>23-N\u0259fsin\u0259 hakim olmaq.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Bu qaydalardan ba\u015fqa bir \u00e7ox qaydalar yem\u0259k yey\u0259rk\u0259n iyirmi, paltar geyin\u0259rk\u0259n be\u015f, bazar-bazarda g\u0259z\u0259rk\u0259n, al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015f ed\u0259rk\u0259n d\u00f6rd, ziyar\u0259t\u0259 ged\u0259nd\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7, x\u0259st\u0259 ziyar\u0259tind\u0259 be\u015f, tualet v\u0259 hamama gir\u0259rk\u0259n s\u0259kkiz, yatark\u0259n d\u00f6rd qayda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015fdir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Onlar \u018fxilik qaydalar\u0131na uy\u011fun olaraq c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u018fxini \u0259xilikd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xaran s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r bunlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1-\u0130\u00e7ki i\u00e7m\u0259k, 2-Zina ed\u0259nl\u0259r, 3-M\u00fcnafiqlik, qeyb\u0259t v\u0259 b\u00f6htan\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q, 4-Q\u00fcrurlu, t\u0259k\u0259bb\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fck, 5-H\u00f6rm\u0259tsizlik, 6-Pax\u0131ll\u0131q ed\u0259n, 7-Kin b\u0259sl\u0259y\u0259n, 8-S\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 durmayan, 9- Yalan, 10 -\u018fman\u0259t\u0259 x\u0259yan\u0259t ed\u0259n, 11-Dostunun eybini \u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 vuran, adam\u0131n eyibini \u00f6rtm\u0259y\u0259n, 12-X\u0259sislik.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxil\u0259r q\u0131zlar\u0131na bel\u0259 n\u0259sih\u0259t etdil\u0259r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1-\u0130\u015fin\u0259 (ail\u0259nizin v\u0259 evinizin i\u015fin\u0259 laqeyd olmay\u0131n) 2-a\u015f\u0131na (yax\u015f\u0131 bi\u015firin, q\u0259na\u0259tcil olun) 3-e\u015fin\u0259 qay\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6st\u0259r (h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131n\u0131za sahib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131n).<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fatma Ana t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qurulan Bac\u0131yani Rum qad\u0131n t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 qad\u0131nlara \u0130slam dinini \u00f6yr\u0259dir, yetim g\u0259nc q\u0131zlar\u0131 qoruyur, onlar\u0131 evl\u0259ndirir, i\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259, h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131na sahib ola bilm\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ictimai qurulu\u015f kimi k\u00f6m\u0259k edirdi. M\u0259qs\u0259d odur ki, o, evin\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 baxs\u0131n, t\u0259mizlik etsin, yem\u0259k bi\u015firsin, h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 davrans\u0131n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anadolu k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259xiliyin uzant\u0131lar\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259 olan qonaq otaqlar\u0131d\u0131r. \u018ftrafdak\u0131 kas\u0131b v\u0259 yetiml\u0259r qorunurdu, epidemiyalar, acl\u0131qlar, yan\u011f\u0131nlar kimi \u00e7\u0259tin anlarda ehtiyaclar kollektiv yard\u0131mla \u00f6d\u0259nilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 yard\u0131m \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259xil\u0259rin &#171;ortal\u0131q sand\u0131\u011f\u0131&#187; adl\u0131 xeyriyy\u0259 fondu var idi. Pul, \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259k, paltar, k\u00f6m\u00fcr kimi ehtiyaclar\u0131 kas\u0131b tacirl\u0259r\u0259, t\u0259qa\u00fcd\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259, m\u00f6htaclar, \u015fik\u0259stl\u0259r, x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r, yoxsullar v\u0259 kas\u0131blar, yetim v\u0259 \u00e7ar\u0259sizl\u0259r, yol\u00e7ulara yard\u0131mlar edirdil\u0259r. Yeni ma\u011fazalar a\u00e7maq ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259, s\u0259n\u0259tini, ticar\u0259tini inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 bu sand\u0131qdan borc pul verilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEy \u018fxi (qarda\u015f\u0131m)! Al\u0131\u015f-veri\u015f elmini bilm\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r haramdann xilas ola bilm\u0259zl\u0259r. Haram yey\u0259n \u015f\u0259xs ibad\u0259tinin savab\u0131n\u0131 tapmaz. Onlar\u0131n s\u0259yl\u0259ri h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. N\u0259hay\u0259t, b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259zaba d\u00fc\u00e7ar olur v\u0259 pe\u015fman olur\u201d dey\u0259n \u018fxi \u018fvran v\u0259 \u018fxilik t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 \u0259xlaq, a\u011f\u0131l, elm v\u0259 t\u0259hsil olmaqla d\u00f6rd \u0259sas prinsip \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulub. O, \u00f6z dabbaq pe\u015f\u0259sind\u0259n ba\u015fqa otuz iki n\u00f6v pe\u015f\u0259nin inki\u015faf\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etdi. \u018fxil\u0259r emalatxanada, d\u0259zgahda s\u0259n\u0259t \u00f6yr\u0259tm\u0259, \u0259xi t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131nda h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259xlaq d\u0259rsl\u0259ri al\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130nsanl\u0131q, d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, t\u0259mizlik, milli oyunlar, \u0259d\u0259biyyat, tarix, musiqi, Quran oxumaq, mistika d\u0259rsl\u0259ri d\u0259 verilib. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 milli ad\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259r, ictimai h\u0259yat\u0131n intizamlar\u0131 izah edilib. Bundan ba\u015fqa, bu t\u0259\u015fkilatlarda professorlar, hakiml\u0259r, natiql\u0259r, vaizl\u0259r, aliml\u0259r v\u0259 din xadiml\u0259ri d\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. H\u0259r bir s\u0259n\u0259tkar v\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259kar qrup bedesten, arasta v\u0259 ya uzun bazar adlanan yan-yana d\u00fckanlarda \u00f6z s\u0259n\u0259t v\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259rini h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irirdil\u0259r. \u018fxi sistemind\u0259 bir m\u0259hsul istehsaldan istehlak\u00e7\u0131ya q\u0259d\u0259r istehsal\u0131n h\u0259r m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rin m\u0259suliyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda olurdu. \u00c7\u0131raqlar (\u015eagirdl\u0259r), kalfalar (s\u0259yyahlar) v\u0259 ustalar mallar\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 kollektiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u0259suliyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131lar. Avton\u0259zar\u0259t sistemi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n mallar\u0131n keyfiyy\u0259tin\u0259 daim n\u0259zar\u0259t edilirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ahilik-nedir-ahilik-teskilati-ozellikleri-ve-faydalari220218075720.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-80599\" width=\"1033\" height=\"542\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ahilik-nedir-ahilik-teskilati-ozellikleri-ve-faydalari220218075720.jpg 600w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ahilik-nedir-ahilik-teskilati-ozellikleri-ve-faydalari220218075720-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ahilik-nedir-ahilik-teskilati-ozellikleri-ve-faydalari220218075720-150x79.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1033px) 100vw, 1033px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fxil\u0259r son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 d\u00fcr\u00fcst v\u0259 prinsipial bir \u0259snaf anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259ri xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7imiz d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259si il\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaq v\u0259 istehsal etm\u0259k, aln\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259ri il\u0259 qazanmaq \u0259xilikd\u0259 \u0259xlaqi qaydad\u0131r. Bu prinsipl\u0259r \u0130slam dininin \u0259sas d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Qurani-K\u0259rimin B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259 sur\u0259sinin 282-ci ay\u0259sind\u0259 \u201c&#8230;H\u0259r k\u0259s Allahdan qorxsun v\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u015feyi haqqdan \u0259skiltm\u0259sin&#8230;\u201d, \u201cM\u00fctt\u0259fifin\u201din 1-ci ay\u0259sind\u0259 \u201c\u00d6l\u00e7m\u0259kd\u0259 hiyl\u0259g\u0259rlik ed\u0259nl\u0259r v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259zi&#187;, 3-c\u00fc ay\u0259d\u0259 &#171;\u00d6l\u00e7d\u00fckl\u0259ri v\u0259 ya \u00e7\u0259kdikl\u0259ri zaman azalarlar&#187;, \u015euara 181 &#171;T\u0259r\u0259zi azalar&#187;. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcy\u0259 layiq olanlardan olma&#187;, 182-ci ay\u0259d\u0259 &#171;V\u0259 do\u011fru il\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kin&#187;. t\u0259r\u0259zi\u201d, \u0130sra 35-d\u0259 \u201c\u00d6l\u00e7d\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcz zaman d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259zi il\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kin, bu h\u0259m xeyirli, h\u0259m d\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259si bax\u0131m\u0131ndan daha xeyirlidir\u201d, Hud 85. \u201cEy q\u00f6vm\u00fcm t\u0259r\u0259zi\u201d ay\u0259si v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259zil\u0259ri tam b\u0259rab\u0259r tutmay\u0131n, insanlar\u0131n mal\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 kobud davranmaq.\u201d, 86-da \u201cAllah\u0131n halaldan buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 qar sizin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha xeyirlidir\u201d N\u0259cm 39-da, \u201cH\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n, he\u00e7 kim \u00f6z i\u015fin\u0259 yaram\u0131r\u201d, 40 h\u0259m\u00e7inin \u201cV\u0259 t\u0259bii ki, onun i\u015fi sabah g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259c\u0259k\u201d \u0130sra .19. \u201cKim axir\u0259tini arzulay\u0131b iman g\u0259tirs\u0259 v\u0259 onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131m olan i\u015fl\u0259ri g\u00f6rs\u0259, \u0259m\u0259li \u015f\u00fck\u00fcr\u0259 layiqdir\u201d ay\u0259sind\u0259, \u201cNur\u201d sur\u0259sinin 37-ci ay\u0259sind\u0259 is\u0259 \u201cNe\u00e7\u0259-ne\u00e7\u0259 ki\u015fil\u0259r Allah\u0131 zikr etm\u0259kd\u0259n, namaz q\u0131lmaqdan v\u0259 namaz q\u0131lmaqdan, z\u0259kat verm\u0259kd\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kinm\u0259zl\u0259r&#8230;\u201d m\u00fcdd\u0259alar\u0131na \u0259saslanan \u0130slam dini i\u015fi m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s, \u0259m\u0259yi is\u0259 b\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tli hesab edir. Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rimiz i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n \u0259li haqq\u0131nda \u201c\u0130\u015fd\u0259 Allah\u0131n v\u0259 R\u0259sulunun sevdiyi \u0259ldir, bu \u0259ldir\u201d v\u0259 \u201cAx\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 i\u015find\u0259n yor\u011fun ke\u00e7ir\u0259n, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131\u015flayand\u0131r\u201d, \u201cAllah sev\u0259r\u201d buyurmu\u015fdur. ustan\u0131n n\u00f6k\u0259ri\u201d, \u201cHiyl\u0259, Huda v\u0259 onu irtikab ed\u0259nl\u0259r c\u0259h\u0259nn\u0259md\u0259dir\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hz. \u018fli \u0259f\u0259ndimiz buyurdu: \u201c\u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n ki, c\u0259sar\u0259tl\u0259 \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259k qazan\u0131n. Ruhunu al\u00e7aql\u0131qdan qoru ki, kas\u0131b olsan da \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli qala bil\u0259s\u0259n\u201d, \u201cH\u0259r k\u0259sin d\u0259y\u0259ri onun g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc yax\u015f\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr\u201d,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Hac\u0131 Bayram V\u0259li \u201c\u0130\u015fl\u0259m\u0259d\u0259n ya\u015fayanlar bizd\u0259n deyil\u201d, \u201c\u018fn b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u0259ram\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259kdir\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u00f6vlan\u0259 h\u0259zr\u0259tl\u0259ri, \u201cH\u0259yatda u\u011fur qazanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7 \u015fey laz\u0131md\u0131r. \u201cDiqq\u0259t, nizam-intizam, \u0259m\u0259k\u201d, \u201c\u0130nsan ancaq \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaqla qazanar\u201d deyirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130stehsal olunan \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 istehsal\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n i\u015far\u0259si olurdu. Bu marka istehsal\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n patent emblemi idi. \u0130stehsal zaman\u0131 ciddi bir \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t sistemi quruldu. \u0130stehsal\u0131n h\u0259r bir m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259si ustan\u0131n v\u0259 kalfan\u0131n n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259 idi. \u0130\u015f yerind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259n h\u0259r k\u0259s m\u0259hsulun keyfiyy\u0259tin\u0259 v\u0259 davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na cavabdeh idi. D\u0259l\u0259duzluq yolu il\u0259 m\u0259hsul istehsal ed\u0259nl\u0259r\u0259 c\u0259rim\u0259l\u0259r k\u0259silib, yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fmasa, pe\u015f\u0259d\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lard\u0131. Satd\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcd\u0259 su qatan s\u00fcd\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc quyuya at\u0131rd\u0131lar, s\u0131nm\u0131\u015f t\u0259r\u0259zid\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259ri bazara \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131b d\u0259rs verirdil\u0259r, tur\u015f b\u0259km\u0259z satan b\u0259km\u0259z sat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na t\u00f6k\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. T\u00fcrkl\u0259r aras\u0131nda s\u0259kkiz \u0259srd\u0259n b\u0259ri i\u015fl\u0259dil\u0259n \u201cayaqqab\u0131n\u0131 dama atmaq\u201d ifad\u0259si \u0259xil\u0259rd\u0259n miras qalm\u0131\u015f bir \u0259m\u0259l formas\u0131d\u0131r. \u018fxi piri \u018fxi \u018fvran \u00e7\u0259km\u0259\u00e7i tacirl\u0259rinin oldu\u011fu bazarda g\u0259z\u0259rk\u0259n, \u00e7\u0259km\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin tikdiyi ayaqqab\u0131lar\u0131 yoxlay\u0131r, saxta olanlar\u0131 k\u0259sib dam\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn\u0259 atar, d\u00fckan\u0131 ba\u011flarm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7\u0259km\u0259\u00e7inin belliyi qap\u0131n\u0131n q\u0131f\u0131l\u0131na ba\u011flanard\u0131. Q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 esnaflar aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lan bu hadis\u0259, &#171;filan ustan\u0131n ayaqqab\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n dama at\u0131lmas\u0131&#187; kimi adlan\u0131b. Saxta mal sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131na he\u00e7 vaxt icaz\u0259 verilmirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ahilik.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-80598\" width=\"1043\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ahilik.jpg 560w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ahilik-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/fedai.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ahilik-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1043px) 100vw, 1043px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Haqqdan s\u0259bir ist\u0259y\u0259n, biz\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259nin bizd\u0259n oldu\u011funu, a\u011f\u0131l v\u0259 \u0259xlaqla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, bizd\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259nin bizd\u0259n oldu\u011funu dey\u0259n \u018fxi \u018fvran S\u0259lcuq Sultan\u0131 II. \u0130zz\u0259ddin Keykavusa t\u0259qdim etdiyi \u201cLetaif-i Hikm\u0259t\u201d adl\u0131 siyasi \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 sultanlara v\u0259 h\u00f6kmdarlara bel\u0259 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259r edirdi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAllah insan\u0131 m\u0259d\u0259ni t\u0259bi\u0259tli yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Bunun izah\u0131 bel\u0259dir: Allah insanlar\u0131 yem\u0259k, i\u00e7m\u0259k, geyinm\u0259k, evl\u0259nm\u0259k, ev sahibi olmaq kimi bir \u00e7ox \u015fey\u0259 m\u00f6htac yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. He\u00e7 kim bu ehtiyaclar\u0131 t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na \u00f6d\u0259y\u0259 bilm\u0259z. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259, d\u0259mir\u00e7ilik, d\u00fclg\u0259rlik, d\u0259ri\u00e7ilik kimi m\u00fcxt\u0259lif pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259ri yerin\u0259 yetirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7oxlu insan t\u0259l\u0259b olunur v\u0259 bu pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259l\u0259b etdiyi al\u0259t v\u0259 avadanl\u0131qlar\u0131n istehsal\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7oxlu i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259si laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259 c\u0259miyy\u0259tin ehtiyac duydu\u011fu m\u0259hsullar\u0131n istehsal\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259ruri olan b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259n\u0259t sah\u0259l\u0259rinin ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 z\u0259ruridir. T\u0259kc\u0259 bu deyil, insanlar\u0131n sonradan yaranacaq ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yeni s\u0259n\u0259t sah\u0259l\u0259ri yaratmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r&#8230;\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Orta Asiya, S\u0259lcuqlu v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 d\u00f6vrl\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r 700 ild\u0259n \u00e7ox istiqam\u0259t ver\u0259n \u018fxi t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 Sultan III \u018fhm\u0259din hakimiyy\u0259tin\u0259 (1703-1730) q\u0259d\u0259r davam etdi. 1727-ci ild\u0259 Gedik adl\u0131 \u0259mr icra edilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015fland\u0131. Gedik inhisar\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q, g\u00fcz\u0259\u015ft dem\u0259kdir v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131na t\u0259sir etm\u0259m\u0259k \u015f\u0259rti il\u0259 sahibl\u0259rinin f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259yi d\u00f6vl\u0259tin verdiyi ruxsatda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f h\u00fcquqlardan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259kdir. Gedikin qurulmas\u0131 Sultan I \u018fbd\u00fclm\u0259cidin (1839-1861) 1856-c\u0131 ild\u0259 verdiyi \u0130slahat F\u0259rman\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131. Respublikam\u0131z\u0131n yaranmas\u0131 il\u0259 esnaf t\u0259\u015fkilatlar\u0131m\u0131z h\u00fcquqi t\u0259nziml\u0259m\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u018fsrl\u0259r boyu davam ed\u0259n, s\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259 d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fck, sevgi, dostluq, \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q, d\u00f6z\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck, bilik v\u0259 h\u0259mr\u0259yliyin v\u0259hd\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f, z\u0259hm\u0259tke\u015fin, xalq\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f \u0259xilik t\u00fcrk c\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 insani v\u0259 \u0259xlaqi nizam vermi\u015f, f\u0259hl\u0259, istehsal\u00e7\u0131, halal qazanc, d\u00fcr\u00fcst ticar\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259t anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u0259tirmi\u015fdir&#8230; Fikirl\u0259rind\u0259 \u201cqon\u015fusu ac ik\u0259n tox yata bilm\u0259z\u201d fikri \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. El\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bu g\u00fcn ged\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259ri yol kimi T\u00fcrk tacir v\u0259 s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar\u0131na da eyni x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259lidir. \u0130nsana d\u0259y\u0259r ver\u0259n, kas\u0131b\u0131n qay\u011f\u0131s\u0131na qalan, kas\u0131ba s\u0131\u011f\u0131nacaq ver\u0259n, elmi v\u0259 i\u015fi ibad\u0259t hesab ed\u0259n, h\u0259mr\u0259yliy\u0259 t\u0259\u015fviq ed\u0259n v\u0259 \u0259dal\u0259ti h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259y\u0259n, sevgi, bilik, a\u011f\u0131l, \u0259xlaq, \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q v\u0259 h\u0259mr\u0259ylik \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulan t\u0259m\u0259l prinsipl\u0259rin olmas\u0131 t\u0259min edilm\u0259lidir. .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0131r\u015fehird\u0259 \u018fxi \u018fvran ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131yan m\u0259scidd\u0259 v\u0259siyy\u0259tnam\u0259sind\u0259:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cM\u0259n bir fond yaratd\u0131m. Bu v\u0259qf \u0259xilik fondudur. Bu fondun \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 siz\u0259 h\u0259val\u0259 edir\u0259m. Bu fondda xoca v\u0259 idar\u0259\u00e7i t\u0259yin ed\u0259n q\u0259yyumlar \u015furas\u0131 olacaq. Bu xoca orda namaz q\u0131lacaq, ma\u011faza sahibl\u0259rinin probleml\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcdirl\u0259r m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olacaq. V\u0259qfin g\u0259lir v\u0259 x\u0259rcl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olacaq. Kim bu v\u0259qfin i\u015fini ki\u00e7ik hesab edib bu v\u0259qf\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r vurarsa, Allah\u0131n m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n l\u0259n\u0259ti onlara olsun.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcfl\u0259r olsun ki, v\u0259qf 1930-cu ild\u0259 l\u0259\u011fv edildi v\u0259 \u0259mlak\u0131 talan edildi. Bu, bizim ata-baba irsimiz\u0259 olan h\u00f6rm\u0259t v\u0259 mara\u011f\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r. \u018fxi \u018fvran \u00e7ox m\u00fch\u00fcm \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r yaz\u0131b insanlara n\u0259sih\u0259t v\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar qoyub. Onun \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n b\u0259zil\u0259ri bunlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Metali&#8217;ul-\u0130man, Menahici Seyfi, Yezdan \u015einaht, Mur\u015fidul Kifaye, A\u011fazu Encam, Tebsiratu&#8217;l-M\u00fcbdi ve teskiret\u00fc&#8217;l-M\u00fcntehi, Risalei Ar\u015f, Cihat-Name, Mehdi faqr u Zemm-i D\u00fcnya, Terc\u00fcme-i Elvah- M\u0259n \u0130madi, M\u00fckatabat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0259nb\u0259sini Y\u0259s\u0259vid\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n, bu torpaqlar\u0131 Orta Asiyadan Anadoluya v\u0259t\u0259n ed\u0259n, iqtisadi h\u0259yata z\u0259nginlik qatan, ictimai h\u0259yata z\u0259nginlik qatan, T\u00fcrk-\u0130slam sivilizasiyas\u0131n\u0131 zirv\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131ran, T\u00fcrk ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259 h\u00fcququnu v\u0259 \u0130slam h\u00fcququnu i\u015f h\u0259yat\u0131na g\u0259tir\u0259n h\u00f6kml\u0259r \u018fxi \u018fvran\u0131n v\u0259siyy\u0259ti yerin\u0259 yetirilm\u0259li v\u0259 t\u00fcrk c\u0259miyy\u0259tin\u0259 yenid\u0259n inteqrasiya edilm\u0259lidir. \u0130slam inanc\u0131 il\u0259 t\u00fcrk m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tini birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n S\u0259lcuqlu v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 sivilizasiyas\u0131n\u0131n infrastrukturunu t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n v\u0259t\u0259n, mill\u0259t v\u0259 din ideallar\u0131na s\u00f6yk\u0259n\u0259n \u0259xi nizam sistemi indiki v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259sill\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259lidir. \u018fxilik sistemi yenid\u0259n ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131, t\u0259dqiq edilm\u0259li, \u00f6lk\u0259mizin xalq\u0131na, tacirl\u0259rin\u0259, s\u0259n\u0259tkarlar\u0131na, s\u0259naye\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 yenid\u0259n tan\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Albert Eyn\u015fteyn deyirdi: \u201cBir \u00f6lk\u0259nin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi o \u00f6lk\u0259nin insanlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hsilind\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u0259\u015fhur politoloq Hantinqton da \u201cT\u00fcrkiy\u0259 \u00f6z d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 daha \u00e7ox \u00f6n\u0259m ver\u0259rs\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya v\u0259 \u0130slam \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck bir model olacaq\u201d dedi. Bu g\u00fcn bir \u00e7ox q\u0259rb inki\u015faf etmi\u015f s\u0259naye \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rinin inki\u015faf\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda \u0259xi-n\u0259zar\u0259t sisteminin qaydalar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr v\u0259 t\u0259tbiq edilir. \u0130taliya tacirl\u0259rin orta sin\u0259sinin alt\u0131nda b\u0259nz\u0259r bir t\u0259tbiqd\u0259n istifad\u0259 etdi. El\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Yaponiya v\u0259 Almaniya \u00f6z inki\u015faflar\u0131nda \u0259xi istehsal sistemind\u0259n \u00f6z sisteml\u0259ri v\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k b\u0259hr\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f v\u0259 inki\u015faflar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min etmi\u015fl\u0259r. M\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259ri deyirl\u0259r ki, Almaniya \u015fagirdlik t\u0259hsili sistemini \u0259xilik sistemind\u0259n al\u0131b.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yazar: Necdet Bayraktaro\u011flu Xalqlar\u0131n tarixi ke\u00e7mi\u015fi, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259ri h\u0259m iqtisadi z\u0259nginliyi, h\u0259m d\u0259 sosial y\u00f6nl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t k\u0259sb edir. T\u00fcrk tarixind\u0259 bu s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259r v\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259r<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":80601,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-80597","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80597","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=80597"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80597\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":80602,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/80597\/revisions\/80602"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/80601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=80597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=80597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=80597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}