{"id":8226,"date":"2020-06-20T02:42:36","date_gmt":"2020-06-19T22:42:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=8226"},"modified":"2020-06-20T02:42:43","modified_gmt":"2020-06-19T22:42:43","slug":"cumhuriyy%c9%99t-hokum%c9%99tinin-iranla-%c9%99laq%c9%99l%c9%99ri-nec%c9%99-idi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=8226","title":{"rendered":"C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin \u0130ranla \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri nec\u0259 idi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dr. Harun Y\u0131lmaz
Tarix\u00e7i-alim, Britaniya Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxbir \u00fczv\u00fc v\u0259 Queen Mary Universitetinin \u00fczv\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fvv\u0259lki hiss\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rildiyi kimi \u0130ran\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259r sahilin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck ticari imkanlar g\u00f6zl\u0259yirdi. \u0130ran ixracat\u0131n\u0131n 60-70 faizinin istehsal\u0131 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi olaraq m\u0259hz h\u0259min regionun pay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb. Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Bak\u0131-Batumi d\u0259hlizi is\u0259 Avropa bazar\u0131na aparan t\u0259bii \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f idi.

B\u0259s milli h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259t iqtisadi imkanlar\u0131 g\u0259lirli xarici ticar\u0259t\u0259 \u00e7evir\u0259 bildimi? T\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcf ki, o d\u00f6vr\u00fcn reall\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ciddi siyasi v\u0259 iqtisadi probleml\u0259r m\u00f6vcud idi.

\u0130lk \u0259vv\u0259l, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan etm\u0259si \u0130ran\u0131 raz\u0131 salmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Yeni respublikan\u0131n ad\u0131 \u0130ran \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn g\u00f6zl\u0259nilm\u0259z olmu\u015fdu. \u0130ranl\u0131lar bunun Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n hiyl\u0259si oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r.

Birinci D\u00fcnya M\u00fcharib\u0259si d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0130ran bit\u0259r\u0259f \u00f6lk\u0259 olub. Lakin Osmanl\u0131 qo\u015funlar\u0131 onun s\u0259rh\u0259dini d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 adlay\u0131b, \u015fimal istiqam\u0259tind\u0259n is\u0259 eyni h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259ti Rusiya edib.

M\u00fcharib\u0259 vaxt\u0131 Osmanl\u0131 ordusu T\u0259brizi i\u015f\u011fal edib v\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zi h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259bli\u011fat apar\u0131b. Araz \u00e7ay\u0131ndan \u015fimalda Az\u0259rbaycan respublikas\u0131n\u0131n elan edilm\u0259sini Tehran T\u00fcrkiy\u0259nin i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 il\u0259 \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n add\u0131m kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirirdi.

Dig\u0259r siyasi problem d\u0259 var idi. 1918-ci ild\u0259 \u0130randa m\u0259rk\u0259zi h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259t X\u0259z\u0259rin sahilinin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 aid olan b\u00fct\u00fcn hiss\u0259sin\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t etmirdi. Bel\u0259 bir xaotik v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259, qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q ideoloji bax\u0131\u015flar\u0131 olan \u0130ran mill\u0259t\u00e7isi Mirz\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik Xan Gilana r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdi.

M\u00fcharib\u0259 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik Xan Gilanda C\u0259ng\u0259li tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ran\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259tin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 qiyam\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil etmi\u015fdi. 1918-ci ild\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik Xan \u00f6z m\u00f6vqeyini g\u00fccl\u0259ndirdi. Onun d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rin\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 alman v\u0259 t\u00fcrkiy\u0259li zabitl\u0259r t\u0259lim ke\u00e7irdi.

\"C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t

M\u00fcharib\u0259nin sonunda, 1918-ci ild\u0259 Britaniya q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259niz yolu il\u0259 Bak\u0131ya yollanmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Gilana g\u0259ldi. Bu d\u0259f\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik Xan onlarla raz\u0131l\u0131q \u0259ld\u0259 etdi. Ki\u00e7ik Xan Gilan d\u00fcy\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015fimala v\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131n dig\u0259r b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 ixrac edilm\u0259sinin \u0259leyhin\u0259 idi.

\u00c7\u00fcnki, o, \u00f6z n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259 saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259razid\u0259 acl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ba\u015flaya bil\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n narahat idi. El\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 bu yolla, o, d\u00fcy\u00fc v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u0259rzaq m\u0259hsullar\u0131na m\u00f6ht\u0259kirl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qiym\u0259tl\u0259rin qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq ist\u0259yirdi.

Bel\u0259 ehtiyatl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bi var idi. 1918-ci ild\u0259 acl\u0131q h\u0259l\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131lan bir hal say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bununla bel\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik xan d\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015f\u0259k\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 etiraz etmirdi. Bu qida m\u0259hsulu \u0130rana ke\u00e7mi\u015f Rusiya \u0130mperiyas\u0131n\u0131n dig\u0259r b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n g\u0259tirilirdi v\u0259 \u0130randa ona b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259l\u0259bat var idi.

Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 daha asan i\u015f kerosin t\u0259chizat\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259k idi. Lakin Gilandak\u0131 tacirl\u0259r onu alma\u011fa haz\u0131r deyildi. Ticari \u0259m\u0259liyyatdan qazanc \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlar bu m\u0259hsulu \u0130ran\u0131n dig\u0259r regionlar\u0131na satmal\u0131 idil\u0259r, lakin \u00f6lk\u0259nin daxili yollar\u0131, \u0259sas\u0259n, ba\u011fl\u0131 idi v\u0259 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz deyildi. Odur ki, \u018fnz\u0259li liman\u0131nda 1918-ci ild\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 3 ayl\u0131q ehtiyat y\u0131\u011f\u0131l\u0131b qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131.

1919-cu ild\u0259 iqtisadi \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duran siyasi \u0259ng\u0259ll\u0259r \u00f6z-\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 yox oldu, n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, iqtisadi \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yol a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Mart ay\u0131nda \u0130ran\u0131n kazak qo\u015funlar\u0131 Britaniyan\u0131n havadan g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259 Ki\u00e7ik Xan\u0131n q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rini m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011fratd\u0131. M\u0259rk\u0259zi h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259t \u018fnz\u0259li v\u0259 Gilan \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259tini b\u0259rpa etdi.

Eyni zamanda \u0130ran\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycana m\u00fcxalifliyi d\u0259 z\u0259ifl\u0259di. Siyasi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7\u00f6zm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn A\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 \u0130ran aras\u0131nda 1919-cu ilin yanvar v\u0259 fevral aylar\u0131nda bir s\u0131ra g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r ke\u00e7irilmi\u015fdi.

Paris s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131na Bak\u0131dan ke\u00e7ib ged\u0259n \u0130ran\u0131n xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri Az\u0259rbaycanda ba\u015f nazir v\u0259 dig\u0259r r\u0259smil\u0259rl\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar ke\u00e7irdi. H\u0259min s\u0259f\u0259r \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 \u0130ran diplomatiyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u0130stanbulda \u00fc\u00e7 d\u0259f\u0259 Top\u00e7uba\u015fovla g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb.

1919-cu ilin bahar\u0131nda \u0130ranla Az\u0259rbaycan aras\u0131nda art\u0131q konsensus \u0259ld\u0259 edilmi\u015fdi.

\"C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t

Bak\u0131 Tehran\u0131 davaml\u0131 olaraq \u0259min edirdi ki, yeni respublikan\u0131n ad\u0131 m\u00f6vcud s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259ri d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dini g\u00fcdm\u00fcr.

Respublikan\u0131n r\u0259smi m\u0259tbu orqan\u0131 olan «Az\u0259rbaycan» q\u0259zetind\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131 ki, «\u0130ran\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qil v\u0259 m\u0259sud ya\u015famas\u0131 biz\u0259 \u0259lveri\u015flidir. D\u00f6vl\u0259timizin «Az\u0259rbaycan» adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sui-t\u0259f\u0259hh\u00fcml\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Halbuki T\u0259briz \u0259yal\u0259tinin, y\u0259ni \u0130ran Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ran\u0131n olub-olmamas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 ortal\u0131qda he\u00e7 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 yoxdur. \u0130ran\u0131n haqq\u0131na t\u0259cav\u00fcz etm\u0259k fikrind\u0259 deyilik, olmam\u0131\u015f\u0131q v\u0259 olmayaca\u011f\u0131q, bizim t\u0259r\u0259qqi v\u0259 istirah\u0259timizi t\u0259min ed\u0259n yaln\u0131z qon\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z il\u0259 dostlu\u011fumuz olacaqd\u0131r.»

\u0130ran h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259ti n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131rd\u0131 ki, Az\u0259rbaycan faktoru \u0130ran\u0131 Rusiya il\u0259 \u00fcmumi s\u0259rh\u0259di b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k ehtiyac\u0131ndan azad edirdi. \u0130ran Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 yaranmaqda olan bufer zonas\u0131 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc, Rusiya is\u0259 bunun qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259if idi.

Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 Rusiya yenid\u0259n g\u00fccl\u0259n\u0259rdis\u0259 \u015fimaldan m\u00fcdaxil\u0259l\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nl\u0259y\u0259 bil\u0259rdi. Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti may ay\u0131nda Paris\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259 h\u0259r iki \u00f6lk\u0259nin t\u0259msil\u00e7il\u0259ri \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q edirdi. Onlar raz\u0131l\u0131q imzalayaraq birg\u0259 komissiya t\u0259\u015fkil etdil\u0259r.

\u0130ran n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti Parisd\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n himay\u0259\u00e7isin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi. 1919-cu ilin sonlar\u0131na yax\u0131n bol\u015fevikl\u0259r g\u00fccl\u0259n\u0259nd\u0259 is\u0259 h\u0259m \u0130ran, h\u0259m d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan bir m\u00f6vged\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259r\u0259k Britaniyadan d\u0259st\u0259k alma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar.

Siyasi yax\u0131nla\u015fma il\u0259 parallel olaraq r\u0259smi kanallar vasit\u0259sil\u0259 iqtisadi inki\u015fafa da diqq\u0259t yetirilirdi. H\u0259l\u0259 Rusiya \u0130mperiyas\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n \u0130ran\u0131n ba\u015f konsullu\u011fu Bak\u0131da f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi. 1918-ci ilin dekabr\u0131n 7-d\u0259 parlamentd\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkil edilmi\u015f r\u0259smi a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f m\u0259rasimind\u0259 \u0130ran\u0131n ba\u015f konsulu S\u0259\u0259d-\u00fcl-v\u0259zir v\u0259 Maliyy\u0259 agenti V\u0259kil-\u00fcl-m\u00fclk d\u0259 i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fdil\u0259r.

1919-cu ilin mart ay\u0131nda Bak\u0131 ikit\u0259r\u0259fli dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar aparmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sini Tehrana g\u00f6nd\u0259rdi. Yay v\u0259 pay\u0131z aylar\u0131nda iki \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131nda dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar davam etdirildi.

Lakin h\u0259min m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r Ticar\u0259t v\u0259 S\u0259naye naziri A\u011fa \u018fminovun s\u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, «bir tak\u0131m texniki c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 arzu edil\u0259n n\u0259tic\u0259ni verm\u0259di». 1919-cu ilin dekabr\u0131nda Seyyid Ziya\u0259ddin T\u0259bat\u0259bai ba\u015fda olmaqla Iran n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti Bak\u0131ya s\u0259f\u0259r etdi.

H\u0259min n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti siyas\u0259t v\u0259 h\u00fcquq, g\u00f6mr\u00fck xidm\u0259ti, tranzit da\u015f\u0131malar, qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 ticar\u0259t, po\u00e7t v\u0259 teleqraf xidm\u0259ti kimi sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131qla ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259ri m\u00fczakir\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Bak\u0131ya g\u0259lmi\u015fdi.

Adil xan Ziyadxanov ba\u015fda olmaqla Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131nm ilk diplomatik n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti is\u0259 Tehrana 1920-ci ilin yanvar\u0131nda g\u00f6nd\u0259rildi.

Iran Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 r\u0259smi s\u00fcr\u0259td\u0259 1920-ci ilin mart\u0131n 2-d\u0259 tan\u0131d\u0131. N\u0259hay\u0259t, qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 dostluq, g\u00f6mr\u00fck, po\u00e7t v\u0259 teleqraf, ticar\u0259t v\u0259 konsullar bar\u0259sind\u0259 bir s\u0131ra s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r paketi Novruz bayram\u0131n\u0131n ax\u015fam\u0131, mart\u0131n 20-d\u0259 imzaland\u0131, aprelin 4-d\u0259 is\u0259 h\u0259min s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r q\u00fcvv\u0259y\u0259 mindi. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu sazi\u015fl\u0259r h\u0259r iki X\u0259z\u0259ryan\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259cmli ticar\u0259t v\u0259 rifah v\u0259d edirdi.

Siyasi v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r h\u0259ll olunsa da, h\u0259min d\u00f6vr\u0259 xas b\u0259zi iqtisadi mane\u0259l\u0259r qalmaqda idi. Onlardan birisi ixracatda t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259n m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 idi.

O d\u00f6vr k\u0259skin q\u0131tl\u0131q v\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k inlfyasiya il\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t edilirdi, odur ki, \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r he\u00e7 d\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 ixrac\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259k h\u0259v\u0259si n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirmirdi. \u018fksin\u0259, b\u0259z\u0259n ixrac edil\u0259n mallara r\u00fcsum qoyulurdu. Bu yolla \u00f6lk\u0259 daxilind\u0259 t\u0259chizat\u0131 art\u0131rmaq v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 salmaq m\u0259qs\u0259di g\u00fcd\u00fcl\u00fcrd\u00fc.

Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259ti d\u0259 \u00e7ox vaxt bu m\u00f6vqed\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edirdi. B\u0259zi qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n ixrac\u0131 qada\u011fan olunmu\u015fdu. Bu c\u00fcr \u015f\u0259rait t\u0259bii olaraq, qa\u00e7aqmal\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fccl\u0259ndirirdi. Misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, Mu\u011fan\u0131n tax\u0131l\u0131 v\u0259 pamb\u0131\u011f\u0131 qa\u00e7aqmal\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q yolu il\u0259 \u0130rana da\u015f\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.

Dig\u0259r bir iqtisadi \u0259ng\u0259l is\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc valyutaya k\u0259skin ehtiyac v\u0259 etibarl\u0131 bank sisteminin olmamas\u0131 idi. Bak\u0131dak\u0131 h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259t d\u0259 daxil, bir \u00e7ox milli h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259tl\u0259r bu problemin \u00f6hd\u0259sind\u0259n g\u0259lm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn barter\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verirdi.
\"C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t
Bak\u0131, 1 dekabr 1918: Q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, ya A\u011f? Rusiya v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015f m\u00fcharib\u0259sinin qalibi gec-tez Bak\u0131n\u0131 \u0259l\u0259 alma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaqd\u0131.


Lakin barter ticar\u0259tin he\u00e7 d\u0259 s\u0259rf\u0259li yolu deyildi. H\u0259r iki t\u0259r\u0259f m\u00fcbadil\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn uy\u011fun mallar tapmal\u0131 idi v\u0259 onlar el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 barter\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lan mallar\u0131n qiym\u0259ti v\u0259 valyuta kurslar\u0131na dair raz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa g\u0259lm\u0259li idi.

1919-cu ilin mart\u0131n 16-dan sonra Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259ti xarici ticar\u0259tin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sin\u0259 dair m\u00fcvv\u0259qq\u0259ti qaydalar\u0131 t\u0259rtib etdi. H\u0259min m\u00fcv\u0259qq\u0259ti qaydalara \u0259sas\u0259n, xarici ticar\u0259t barter yolu il\u0259 apar\u0131lmal\u0131 idi.

Lakin Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259ti bir istisna hal kimi \u0130ranla ticar\u0259ti qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 olmaq \u015f\u0259rti il\u0259 bartersiz aparma\u011fa icaz\u0259 verdi. \u0130ran \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn edilmi\u015f bu istisna siyas\u0259ti ticar\u0259ti inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin Bak\u0131ya \u00e7atan m\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0130ran t\u0259r\u0259fi ticar\u0259tin barter yolu apar\u0131lmas\u0131nda t\u0259kid edirdi. Bak\u0131 is\u0259 \u015fikay\u0259tli idi ki, bu \u015f\u0259rt ticar\u0259t h\u0259cml\u0259rini azald\u0131r v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259rin qalxmas\u0131na g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r.

Lakin iyun ay\u0131nda \u0130rana ixrac\u0131n h\u0259cmi el\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k olmu\u015fdu ki, Bak\u0131 yenid\u0259n barter \u00fcsuluna qay\u0131tmaq q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259ldi. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 \u0130rana m\u0259hsul ixrac etm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n tacirl\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 \u0130randa Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259tiril\u0259c\u0259k mallar\u0131 tapmal\u0131 idil\u0259r.

Burada \u0259lav\u0259 etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, siyasi v\u0259 iqtisadi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 baxmayaraq, 1918-1919-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 iki \u00f6lk\u0259 aras\u0131nda ikit\u0259r\u0259fli v\u0259 tranzit ticar\u0259t he\u00e7 zaman k\u0259silm\u0259mi\u015fdi. X\u00fcsusil\u0259, d\u00fcy\u00fc, \u00e7ay, meyv\u0259 qurusu v\u0259 bal\u0131q Az\u0259rbaycana \u0130randan g\u0259tirilirdi.

\u0130rana is\u0259 \u015f\u0259k\u0259r, kerosin v\u0259 s\u0259naye m\u0259hsullar\u0131 da\u015f\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.

Ticar\u0259t v\u0259 S\u0259naye naziri A\u011fa \u018fminovun dediyi kimi «ham\u0131ya m\u0259lumdur ki, bizim paytaxt\u0131m\u0131zdan, m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259timizd\u0259n \u0130ran\u0131n hesabs\u0131z mallar\u0131 v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259ti Avropaya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr v\u0259 habel\u0259 Avropa mallar\u0131 m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259timizd\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k \u0130rana gedir. H\u0259m\u00e7inin \u0130ran m\u0259hsullat\u0131na bizim ehtiyac\u0131m\u0131z oldu\u011fu kimi bizim d\u0259 m\u0259hsulat\u0131m\u0131za \u0130ran\u0131n ehtiyas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu iki qon\u015fu m\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259tin iqtisadi h\u0259yat\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259nafeyidir.»(bbc.com)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dr. Harun Y\u0131lmazTarix\u00e7i-alim, Britaniya Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxbir \u00fczv\u00fc v\u0259 Queen Mary Universitetinin \u00fczv\u00fc \u018fvv\u0259lki hiss\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rildiyi kimi \u0130ran\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259r sahilin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6y\u00fck<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8226","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8226","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8226"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8226\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8228,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8226\/revisions\/8228"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8226"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8226"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8226"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}