{"id":8839,"date":"2020-07-01T02:10:43","date_gmt":"2020-06-30T22:10:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=8839"},"modified":"2020-07-01T02:15:45","modified_gmt":"2020-06-30T22:15:45","slug":"26-larin-q%c9%99tli-mu%c9%99mmalar-v%c9%99-ehtimallar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=8839","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab26-lar\u00bb\u0131n q\u0259tli: m\u00fc\u0259mmalar v\u0259 ehtimallar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Birinci hiss\u0259<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xalq \u00f6z tarixini ac\u0131lar\u0131 v\u0259 sevincl\u0259ri il\u0259 b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nib bildikd\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 daha ay\u0131q bax\u0131r, n\u00f6vb\u0259ti s\u0131naqlara haz\u0131r olur. 96 il \u00f6nc\u0259 ba\u015f vermi\u015f hadis\u0259nin t\u0259f\u0259rr\u00fcatlar\u0131na yenid\u0259n diqq\u0259t\u00e7\u0259k\u0259n m\u0259qamlar hans\u0131lard\u0131r? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t «26 Bak\u0131 komissar\u0131», camaat aras\u0131nda sad\u0259c\u0259 26-lar ba\u011f\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f m\u0259kanda tikinti i\u015fl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar 1920-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 8-d\u0259 d\u0259fn edilmi\u015f insan c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259rinin ba\u015fqa yer\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si zaman\u0131 a\u015fkar olunmu\u015f fakt xeyli s\u00f6z-s\u00f6hb\u0259t\u0259, k\u00fctl\u0259vi informasiya vasit\u0259l\u0259rinin diqq\u0259tin\u0259, s\u0259ngim\u0259y\u0259n m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Haz\u0131rda «Sahil ba\u011f\u0131» adlanan yerd\u0259 qaz\u0131nt\u0131 zaman\u0131 26 deyil, 23 c\u0259s\u0259d a\u015fkarlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Halbuki, 1920-ci ild\u0259 A\u015fqabad \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin m\u0259rk\u0259zi meydan\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f «Bak\u0131 kommunarlar\u0131»n\u0131n c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259ri paroxodla Bak\u0131ya g\u0259tirilmi\u015f, Petrov meydan\u0131ndan ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k b\u00f6y\u00fck izdihamla \u00f6nd\u0259 «S.\u015eaumyan\u0131n tabutu» v\u0259 \u015f\u0259kli, ard\u0131nca «25 yolda\u015f\u0131n» tabutlar\u0131 apar\u0131lmaqla «Azadl\u0131q» meydan\u0131nda d\u0259fn olunmu\u015fdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u041a\u0430\u043a<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

«Azadl\u0131q» meydan\u0131nda f\u0259vvar\u0259nin yan\u0131nda d\u00fcz\u0259ldilmi\u015f m\u0259qb\u0259r\u0259d\u0259 1920-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 8-d\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz saat 3-d\u0259 top at\u0259\u015fl\u0259ri v\u0259 himn s\u0259dalar\u0131 alt\u0131nda 26 tabut q\u0259br\u0259 endirilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu m\u0259rasim lent\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f, m\u0259tbuatda, dig\u0259r s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259ks olunmu\u015fdur. Sovetl\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259fsan\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015f «Bak\u0131 kommunarlar\u0131» ziyar\u0259tgaha \u00e7evrilmi\u015f bir m\u0259kanda an\u0131ld\u0131qlar\u0131 d\u00f6vrd\u0259n \u00e7ox sonra, m\u00fcst\u0259qillik ill\u0259rind\u0259 «aktuall\u0131q» k\u0259sb etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130lk s\u0259b\u0259b 90 il toxunulmayan m\u0259kandan ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131l\u0131qda d\u0259fn olunmu\u015f 26 c\u0259s\u0259d \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 23 c\u0259s\u0259din \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcrat\u0131 oldu. Dem\u0259li, «26 yolda\u015f\u0131n» 3-n\u00fcn c\u0259s\u0259di basd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 26 qutunun i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 olmay\u0131b. Bu faktdan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259r\u0259k «26-lar»dan hans\u0131sa 3-n\u00fcn g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259m\u0259si m\u00fclahiz\u0259si arxas\u0131nda onlar\u0131n kimliyinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si «ehtiyac\u0131» yaran\u0131rd\u0131. M\u00f6vzunu aktualla\u015fd\u0131ran ba\u015fl\u0131ca amil d\u0259 m\u0259hz bu «ehtiyacdan» qaynaqlan\u0131rd\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnki h\u0259l\u0259 sovetl\u0259r d\u00f6n\u0259mind\u0259 d\u0259, x\u00fcsus\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin ilk ill\u0259rind\u0259 S.\u015eaumyan\u0131n yolda\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 birg\u0259 g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259m\u0259si, sa\u011f qalmas\u0131, h\u0259tta Hindistana apar\u0131laraq, orada ya\u015famalar\u0131 v\u0259 s. haqq\u0131nda s\u00f6hb\u0259tl\u0259r g\u0259zirdi, yaz\u0131lar d\u0259rc olunurdu. V\u0259 bu bax\u0131mdan «Sahil ba\u011f\u0131»ndan 3 c\u0259s\u0259din \u0259skik \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 vaxtil\u0259 dola\u015fan \u015fayi\u0259l\u0259rin \u0259sass\u0131z olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 yenid\u0259n yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131. C\u0259miyy\u0259t i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259, x\u00fcsus\u0259n orta v\u0259 ya\u015fl\u0131 n\u0259sl\u0259 m\u0259nsub insanlar\u0131n mara\u011f\u0131 «26-lar» bar\u0259d\u0259, dem\u0259k olar ki, d\u0259rslik s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lumat\u0131 olan v\u0259 ideoloji bax\u0131mdan he\u00e7 bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmayan g\u0259nc n\u0259sild\u0259n daha art\u0131q oldu. Say \u0259traf\u0131nda mara\u011f\u0131n c\u0259ml\u0259nm\u0259si d\u0259 birm\u0259nal\u0131 qar\u015f\u0131lanmad\u0131. 1918-ci ild\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f Bak\u0131 Xalq Komissarlar\u0131 Sovetinin hakimiyy\u0259ti, onun \u00fczvl\u0259rinin Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n taleyind\u0259 oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131 faci\u0259li rol haqq\u0131nda x\u0259b\u0259rdar olmaq ist\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259rin say\u0131 daha \u00e7oxdur. M\u0259hz «Bak\u0131 kommunas\u0131n\u0131n» r\u0259hb\u0259ri S.\u015eaumyan\u0131n \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rini if\u015fa etm\u0259k ist\u0259yi il\u0259 «Sahil ba\u011f\u0131»nda c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259rin «\u0259skikliyi» aras\u0131nda bir \u0259laq\u0259 varm\u0131? D\u00f6vrd\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rsiz olan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259ri maraqland\u0131ran dig\u0259r bir sual is\u0259 Hindistanla ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r — Hindistan\u0131n bura n\u0259 d\u0259xli var? Hindistan\u0131n h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniyan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259si olmas\u0131 b\u0259llidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

«Britaniya Hindistan\u0131nda» vitse-kral h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin Londonun g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n Dehlid\u0259n M\u0259\u015fh\u0259dd\u0259ki «Malleson missiyas\u0131»n\u0131 idar\u0259 etm\u0259sini v\u0259 Zakaspi vilay\u0259tind\u0259ki eser h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin Britaniya missiyas\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259ri t\u0259sdiql\u0259yir. Hindistanda, Simladak\u0131 Britaniya ba\u015f q\u0259rargah\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259isin\u0259 general Malleson «26-lar»\u0131n g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259n 2 h\u0259ft\u0259 sonra M\u0259\u015fh\u0259dd\u0259n yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131: «A\u015fqabad h\u00f6kum\u0259ti b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fch\u00fcm i\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 bizim g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fl\u0259rimiz\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t etmi\u015fdir». \u015eimal-\u015f\u0259rqi \u0130randak\u0131 ingilis h\u0259rbi missiyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 general U.Malleson Hindistandak\u0131 ba\u015f q\u0259rargaha tabe idi. «26-lar»\u0131n Bak\u0131da h\u0259bsxanadan qa\u00e7\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra Krasnovodska \u00e7atd\u0131qda yenid\u0259n h\u0259bs edilm\u0259si v\u0259 sentyabr\u0131n 20-n\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n gec\u0259 Zakaspi s\u0259hras\u0131nda g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259ri prosesin\u0259 ingilis missiyas\u0131n\u0131n aidiyy\u0259ti v\u0259 «komissarlar\u0131n Hindistana apar\u0131lmas\u0131» bar\u0259d\u0259 yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu «Hindistan m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si»ni do\u011furmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


«26-lar» haqq\u0131nda sovetl\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 siyasi, ideoloji, «elmi» versiya vahid m\u0259zmun da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. «26 Bak\u0131 komissar\u0131 ingilis c\u0259lladlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n v\u0259h\u015fic\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirilmi\u015fl\u0259r». Britaniya t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 cidd-c\u0259hdl\u0259 \u0259ksini s\u00fcbuta yetirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131lar ki, «26-lar»\u0131n q\u0259tlind\u0259 ingilisl\u0259rin \u0259li olmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. «Komissarlar\u0131n Hindistana apar\u0131lmas\u0131» haqq\u0131nda h\u0259l\u0259 1918-1919-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n dola\u015fmas\u0131, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n «\u015eaumyan v\u0259 dig\u0259rl\u0259rinin» «m\u00fctt\u0259fiq missiyas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259bs olunmu\u015f \u00fczvl\u0259ri il\u0259» d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259sin\u0259 dair radioteleqram\u0131n \u0259ld\u0259 edilm\u0259si v\u0259 dig\u0259r s\u00f6z-s\u00f6hb\u0259tl\u0259r «Sahil ba\u011f\u0131»ndak\u0131 c\u0259s\u0259dl\u0259rin \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 3 c\u0259s\u0259din olmamas\u0131 fakt\u0131 \u0259traf\u0131nda «k\u00f6hn\u0259» m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 «\u0259sas» vermi\u015f oldu. B\u0259s g\u00f6r\u0259s\u0259n \u0259sl h\u0259qiq\u0259t n\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir, tam h\u0259qiq\u0259ti bilm\u0259k olacaqm\u0131?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"31<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6nc\u0259 «26-lar» r\u0259q\u0259min\u0259 ayd\u0131nl\u0131q g\u0259tirm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Do\u011frudanm\u0131 26 n\u0259f\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131 Bak\u0131 komissar\u0131 olmu\u015fdu? B\u0259s g\u00f6r\u0259s\u0259n q\u0259tl\u0259 yetiril\u0259nl\u0259r, daha do\u011frusu «26-lar» s\u0131ras\u0131nda komissarlar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 var idimi? S.\u015eaumyan, P.Caparidze, \u0130.Fioletov, M.H.V\u0259zirov, Y.Zevin, Q.Korqanov Bak\u0131 Xalq Komissarlar\u0131 Sovetinin \u0259sas komissarlar\u0131 postunu tutmu\u015fdular. Y\u0259ni, «26-lar»dan c\u0259mi 6 n\u0259f\u0259ri «h\u0259qiqi» sabiq komissar statusunda olmu\u015fdur. M.\u018fzizb\u0259yov is\u0259 1918-ci ilin qanl\u0131 mart g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin da\u011fl\u0131q hiss\u0259sin\u0259 m\u00fchafiz\u0259 komissar\u0131 t\u0259yin edilmi\u015f, Bak\u0131 XKS-nin t\u0259rkibin\u0259 quberniya komissar\u0131 kimi daxil olmu\u015f, h\u0259m\u00e7inin xalq daxili i\u015fl\u0259r komissar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcavini t\u0259yin edilmi\u015fdi. «26-lar»dan bir qismi Bak\u0131 XKS strukturunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u00e7ik v\u0259zif\u0259li \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r olmu\u015fdur. Q.Petrov is\u0259 V.Leninin g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fi il\u0259 Bak\u0131 rayonunda f\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 h\u0259rbi komissar sif\u0259til\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015fdi. Bir qisim «komissarlar» Qafqaz Q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 Ordusunun h\u0259rbi hiss\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Bak\u0131ya g\u0259lmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


«26-lar»\u0131n 26-c\u0131 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si Tatevos \u018fmiryan is\u0259 «Da\u015fnaks\u00fctyun» partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc, «terror\u00e7ular\u0131n r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n biri» olmu\u015fdur.
Bak\u0131 Xalq Komissarlar\u0131 Sovetinin (Bak\u0131 XKS) \u0259sas r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259ri d\u0259 daxil olmaqla \u0259ks\u0259r \u00fczvl\u0259rinin hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 yiy\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259k yolunda 1918-ci ilin yaz\u0131nda az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara — m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259haliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri k\u00fctl\u0259vi, amans\u0131z q\u0131r\u011f\u0131nlar mahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 siyas\u0259tinin ger\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si idi. Bak\u0131 XKS yarad\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra da bu siyas\u0259t yeridilir, q\u0259zalarda yerli m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259hali bol\u015fevik-da\u015fnak birg\u0259 silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n az\u011f\u0131nl\u0131qla q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirilirdi. M\u0259hz Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdikl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 Bak\u0131 komissarlar\u0131n\u0131n sonrak\u0131 aqib\u0259ti il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r diqq\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259b edir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


R\u0259smi xronologiyaya g\u00f6r\u0259, 1918-ci il iyulun 31-d\u0259, s\u0259h\u0259r saat 11-d\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Bak\u0131 Sovetinin t\u0259cili iclas\u0131nda xalq komissarlar\u0131 \u00f6z s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n \u0259l \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f, «h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 paroxodlara y\u00fckl\u0259yib k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259k q\u0259rara» al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ilk c\u0259hd iyulun 31-d\u0259 edildi. Bak\u0131 Sovetinin iclas\u0131ndan sonra RSDFP Bak\u0131 Komit\u0259sinin m\u00fc\u015favir\u0259si ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f, bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131nda olan 20 milyon rublu f\u0259hl\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 paylamaq v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn qiym\u0259tli \u015feyl\u0259ri Bak\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131xartmaq, «n\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259 ingilisl\u0259r\u0259 he\u00e7 n\u0259 qoymamaq» bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259rar \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Pulun bir hiss\u0259si iyulun 31-d\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f v\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz saat 4-d\u0259 komissarlar d\u00f6vl\u0259t bank\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn qiym\u0259tli \u015feyl\u0259rini, \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 xalq t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 \u015furas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fchasibat\u0131n\u0131 paroxodlara, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 «Evelina» paroxoduna y\u00fckl\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu i\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 Bak\u0131 Sovetinin iclas\u0131nda t\u0259\u015fkil olunmu\u015f komissiya r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edirdi. Maye da\u015f\u0131yan g\u0259mil\u0259r neft m\u0259hsullar\u0131 il\u0259 doldurulmu\u015f, quru y\u00fck da\u015f\u0131yan g\u0259mil\u0259r\u0259 is\u0259 qiym\u0259tli metallar, ma\u015f\u0131nlar v\u0259 s. y\u00fckl\u0259nmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

«Sovet Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0259mlak\u0131n\u0131 paroxodlara y\u00fckl\u0259yib k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259k» q\u0259rara al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ax\u015fam saat 10-da yola d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259k ist\u0259dikd\u0259 paroxod k\u00f6rp\u00fcd\u0259n ayr\u0131lma\u011fa imkan tapmam\u0131\u015f, projektor siqnallar\u0131 il\u0259 saxlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. «Sentrokaspi»nin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si katerd\u0259 paroxoda yax\u0131nla\u015f\u0131b \u015eaumyan, Caparidze v\u0259 dig\u0259r komissarlar\u0131n onlara verilm\u0259sini t\u0259l\u0259b etmi\u015fdi. Paroxodu bat\u0131rmaq t\u0259hdidi il\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259ri geri d\u00f6nm\u0259y\u0259 vadar etmi\u015f, \u015eaumyan v\u0259 Ter-Qabrielyan\u0131 h\u0259bs ed\u0259 bilmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Bol\u015fevikl\u0259r geri d\u00f6nd\u00fckd\u0259 \u00f6z etirazlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirmi\u015f, \u015eaumyan v\u0259 Ter-Qabrielyan\u0131n azad olunmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Petrov da \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259si ad\u0131ndan h\u0259bs olunanlar\u0131n burax\u0131lmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda «Sentrokaspi»y\u0259 ultimatum vermi\u015fdi. «Sentrokaspi» r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259ri fikirl\u0259rind\u0259n da\u015f\u0131nma\u011fa m\u0259cbur olmu\u015f v\u0259 el\u0259 h\u0259min gec\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259r azad edilmi\u015fl\u0259r. Avqustun 3-d\u0259 \u015eaumyan v\u0259 Ter-Qabrielyan ikinci d\u0259f\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259hd g\u00f6st\u0259rs\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, matroslar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yaxalanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Petrov \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri top at\u0259\u015fin\u0259 tutmaqla h\u0259d\u0259l\u0259dikd\u0259n sonra matroslar bol\u015fevikl\u0259ri buraxm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar.
\u0130ngilis h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri Bak\u0131ya daxil olduqdan sonra \u015eaumyan «sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259ruriliyini» bildirmi\u015fdi. Bak\u0131n\u0131 mane\u0259siz t\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259 icaz\u0259 verilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn diktatura il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Diktatura h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Petrova t\u00fcrk h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 vuru\u015fma\u011f\u0131 t\u0259klif etmi\u015f, lakin o, ingilisl\u0259rin Bak\u0131da olacaqlar\u0131 m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 i\u015ftirakdan imtina etmi\u015fdi. X\u0259z\u0259r donanmas\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri avqustun 12-d\u0259 Petrovun d\u0259st\u0259sinin silah\u0131 t\u0259hvil-t\u0259slim ed\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259ri halda Bak\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131xma\u011fa icaz\u0259 verm\u0259yi q\u0259rara ald\u0131lar. Petrov silah\u0131 t\u0259hvil verm\u0259y\u0259 raz\u0131 olmu\u015fdu: «Bel\u0259 hesab edirik ki, bizim s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131m\u0131zdak\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f vasit\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 texniki vasit\u0259l\u0259r olmadan Bak\u0131 proletariat\u0131 \u00f6z azadl\u0131\u011f\u0131 u\u011frunda m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apara bilm\u0259z v\u0259 onlar\u0131 bu vasit\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n m\u0259hrum etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc haql\u0131 hesab etmirik, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bildiririk ki (\u0259g\u0259r proletariat ingilis imperialistl\u0259rinin qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xarma\u011fa raz\u0131 olmasa v\u0259 bunun \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n biz Bak\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131b getm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur olsaq), h\u0259min h\u0259rbi-texniki vasit\u0259l\u0259r: zirehli avtomobill\u0259r, toplar, pulemyotlar, h\u0259rbi t\u0259chizat, geyim v\u0259 sair h\u0259rbi \u015ftab\u0131n s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131na veril\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Mart<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

D\u0259st\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini itirm\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6z\u00fc il\u0259 yaln\u0131z m\u00fcvafiq miqdarda silah v\u0259 sursat, habel\u0259 (qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 raz\u0131l\u0131qla) m\u00fcvafiq miqdarda g\u0259mi aparacaqd\u0131r». Avqustun 11-d\u0259 Petrov «M\u0259rk\u0259zi Rusiya Federativ Sovet Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131 rayonu h\u0259rbi komissar\u0131» kimi bu m\u0259ktubu imzalay\u0131b «Sentrokaspi Diktaturas\u0131»na v\u0259 Bak\u0131 Soveti \u0130craiyy\u0259 Komit\u0259sinin r\u0259yas\u0259t hey\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259, \u015eaumyan v\u0259 dig\u0259r bol\u015fevikl\u0259r b\u00fct\u00fcn silah\u0131n t\u0259hvil verilm\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 10 zirehli ma\u015f\u0131n\u0131, 10 top v\u0259 dig\u0259r l\u0259vazimat\u0131 saxlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Bel\u0259 ki, bol\u015fevikl\u0259r v\u0259 Petrovun d\u0259st\u0259si avqustun 14-d\u0259 Bak\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131qda yaln\u0131z i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 toplar olan 2 barja qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Xalq Komissarlar\u0131 Sovetinin \u00fczvl\u0259ri v\u0259 sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n avqustun 14-d\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk etdikl\u0259ri g\u0259mil\u0259rin say\u0131 ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 f\u0259rqli (15, 16, 17) g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. G\u00fccl\u00fc f\u0131rt\u0131na g\u0259mil\u0259ri Jiloy adas\u0131nda dayanma\u011fa m\u0259cbur edir. Artilleriyan\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r h\u0259rbi sursat\u0131, atlar\u0131 da\u015f\u0131maq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yararl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan g\u0259mil\u0259rin f\u0131rt\u0131naya g\u00f6r\u0259 dayanmas\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n sabah\u0131 g\u00fcn s\u0259h\u0259r «Sentrokaspi Diktaturas\u0131»n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7 h\u0259rbi g\u0259misi («Astrabad», «\u018frd\u0259han» v\u0259 «G\u00f6yt\u0259p\u0259») onlara \u00e7ataraq d\u0259rhal Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131tmalar\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259bini qoymu\u015fdur. R\u0259dd cavab\u0131 ald\u0131qdan sonra bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin oldu\u011fu g\u0259mil\u0259r at\u0259\u015f\u0259 tutulmu\u015fdur. Komissarlar gec\u0259nin qaranl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda «Leyla» barkas\u0131nda adadan uzaqla\u015fma\u011fa c\u0259hd ets\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259, g\u00f6z\u0259 \u00e7arparaq h\u0259bs olunmu\u015fdular. Onlar Bay\u0131l t\u00fcrm\u0259sin\u0259 sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Bak\u0131 liman\u0131nda t\u0259rk-silah edilmi\u015f \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 is\u0259 H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana getm\u0259y\u0259 icaz\u0259 verilmi\u015fdi. Buradak\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 Rusiya m\u0259rk\u0259zi sovet hakimiyy\u0259tini m\u00fct\u0259madi m\u0259lumatland\u0131ran H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti avqustun 25-d\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi teleqramda bildirirdi: «D\u00fcn\u0259n t\u0259rk-silah olunmu\u015flar\u0131 g\u0259tir\u0259n iki paroxod g\u0259lmi\u015fdir, qalan paroxodlar\u0131n da g\u0259lm\u0259si g\u00f6zl\u0259nilir; baltiklil\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si h\u0259bs olunmu\u015fdur», — komissarlar\u0131n avqustun 14-d\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk etm\u0259k c\u0259hdi bar\u0259d\u0259 teleqramda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat verilir v\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259si t\u0259l\u0259b olunurdu: «\u015eaumyan, Caparidze, Fioletov, Korqanov yolda\u015flar\u0131 v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fccl\u00fc s\u00fcvari d\u0259st\u0259sinin m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259ti il\u0259 Bay\u0131l h\u0259bsxanas\u0131na g\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015fl\u0259r… Bizim h\u0259bs edilmi\u015f yolda\u015flar\u0131m\u0131za fitn\u0259 yolu il\u0259 divan tutula bil\u0259c\u0259yini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq v\u0259 onlar\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini t\u0259min etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn eser, men\u015fevik v\u0259 da\u015fnak partiyalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rini h\u0259bs edib zamin saxlamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r».<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"MASSACRE<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Stepan \u015eaumyan\u0131n o\u011flu Suren \u015eaumyan\u0131n «26-lar»\u0131n q\u0259tli il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 verdiyi \u015fahid ifad\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilirdi ki, Petrov k\u00f6rp\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 h\u0259bsd\u0259n sonra 30, yaxud daha \u00e7ox adam\u0131 \u015eamax\u0131 h\u0259bsxanas\u0131na g\u00f6nd\u0259rdil\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131nda Caparidze, Petrov v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu bildirilirdi. Bak\u0131 u\u011frunda ged\u0259n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r \u015fidd\u0259tl\u0259ndiyind\u0259n «\u015eamaxinka» rayonundak\u0131 h\u0259bsxanada m\u0259hbuslar\u0131n saxlanmas\u0131 t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li say\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, onlar\u0131 da Bay\u0131l h\u0259bsxanas\u0131na k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcl\u0259r. Bay\u0131ldak\u0131 m\u0259hbus bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin say\u0131 Suren \u015eaumyan\u0131n ifad\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, 35 n\u0259f\u0259r idi. M\u0259hbus bol\u015fevik r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259rini h\u0259bsd\u0259n qurtarmaq i\u015fini, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, Mikoyan y\u00f6n\u0259ldirdi. Komissarlar h\u0259bsd\u0259n burax\u0131lmazsa, «Sentrokaspi Diktaturas\u0131»n\u0131n \u00fczvl\u0259ri \u00f6l\u00fcml\u0259 t\u0259hdid edilirdi. Mikoyan m\u0259hbus bol\u015fevikl\u0259ri azad etm\u0259k missiyas\u0131na ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q edir, Petrovun v\u0259 \u015eaumyan\u0131n Bak\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk etm\u0259k c\u0259hdl\u0259rini diktatura \u00fczvl\u0259ri qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda inkar edirdi. Diktatura t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n xalq d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259ni v\u0259 xaini hesab edil\u0259n sabiq Bak\u0131 xalq komissarlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fchakim\u0259 etm\u0259k q\u0259rara al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Sentyabr\u0131n 11-d\u0259 ba\u015flanan prosesi ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131rmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131. Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri Qafqaz \u0130slam Ordusunun n\u0259zar\u0259tin\u0259 ke\u00e7dikd\u0259 m\u0259hbus bol\u015fevikl\u0259r Bay\u0131l h\u0259bsxanas\u0131nda idil\u0259r. Bundan 3-4 g\u00fcn \u0259vv\u0259l S.\u015eaumyan\u0131n o\u011flu Suren \u015eaumyan sa\u011f eserl\u0259rin liderl\u0259rind\u0259n Sako Saakyan\u0131n zaminliyi il\u0259 16 ya\u015f\u0131 tamam olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan zamin\u0259 burax\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Surenin \u015fahidlik ifad\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 o, h\u0259bsd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xmazdan \u0259vv\u0259l atas\u0131 Stepan \u015eaumyan yenid\u0259n da\u015fnaklarla \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q etm\u0259k plan\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131qlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 m\u0259ktub yaz\u0131b, «Da\u015fnaks\u00fctyun» partiyas\u0131n\u0131n banil\u0259rind\u0259n olan Rostom Zoryana verm\u0259yi tap\u015f\u0131rm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Erm\u0259ni milli \u015furas\u0131n\u0131n faktiki r\u0259hb\u0259ri olan R.Zoryan v\u0259 dig\u0259r da\u015fnak G\u00fclxandanyan S.\u015eaumyan\u0131n \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q t\u0259klifini cavabland\u0131rmamaqla r\u0259dd etmi\u015f oldular.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

H\u0259m Surenin, h\u0259m d\u0259 Mikoyan\u0131n bildirdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, Surenin ki\u00e7ik silahl\u0131 qrupla h\u0259bsxanaya h\u0259ml\u0259 etm\u0259k c\u0259hdi u\u011fursuzluqla n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015fdir. Bak\u0131 eserl\u0259rinin liderl\u0259rind\u0259n olan A.Veluntsdan silahl\u0131 m\u00fchafiz\u0259 alt\u0131nda komissarlar\u0131 t\u0259xliyy\u0259 etm\u0259k icaz\u0259si al\u0131nsa da, h\u0259bsxanadan olan silahl\u0131 m\u00fchafiz\u0259 yolda ik\u0259n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bak\u0131 komissarlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u0259m\u0259li olan «Sevan» g\u0259misi is\u0259 limanda yox idi. H\u0259min g\u0259minin komandas\u0131na bol\u015fevikl\u0259ri H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana \u00e7atd\u0131rmal\u0131 olduqlar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 x\u0259b\u0259rdarl\u0131q edilmi\u015fdi. Qa\u00e7q\u0131nlar\u0131n oldu\u011fu «T\u00fcrkm\u0259n» g\u0259misind\u0259 da\u015fnak Tatevos \u018fmiryan \u00f6z silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259si il\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri t\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. S\u0131ralar\u0131nda qarda\u015f\u0131 Arsen \u018fmiryan\u0131n oldu\u011fu m\u0259hbuslara «T\u00fcrkm\u0259n» g\u0259misin\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259yi t\u0259klif etmi\u015f v\u0259 paroxod H\u0259\u015ft\u0259rxana deyil, Krasnovodska yola d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. «T\u00fcrkm\u0259n» paroxodu sentyabr\u0131n 16-s\u0131 ax\u015fam saat 8-9-da Krasnovodska \u00e7atm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 Mikoyan\u0131n, Zaytsevin ifad\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 Suren \u015eaumyan\u0131nk\u0131 aras\u0131nda f\u0259rq var. Suren Krasnovodska 17-n\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n gec\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 deyir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Paroxodda 2 ingilis zabiti d\u0259 olmu\u015fdur: mayor X.F. Sattor v\u0259 unter-zabit A.P. Bullen. Sentyabr\u0131n 17-si s\u0259h\u0259r Zakaspi h\u00f6kum\u0259ti ad\u0131ndan g\u0259mid\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn silahlar\u0131n t\u0259hvil verilm\u0259si t\u0259l\u0259b olunmu\u015fdur. T\u0259rk-silahdan sonra h\u0259bs prosesi ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Suren \u015eaumyan\u0131n ifad\u0259sin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, axtar\u0131\u015f zaman\u0131 h\u0259bs edil\u0259nl\u0259rin he\u00e7 birind\u0259 silah tap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r, yaln\u0131z Mikoyanda «Kolt» sistemli tapan\u00e7a a\u015fkarlanm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. Tatevos \u018fmiryan\u0131n yav\u0259ri Ruben Keqamyan g\u0259mid\u0259ki bol\u015fevikl\u0259ri tan\u0131tmaqla ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u0259l\u0259 vermi\u015fdi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u041d\u0430<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Firdovsiyy\u0259 \u018fHM\u018fDOVA
Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n Prezidenti yan\u0131nda D\u00f6vl\u0259t \u0130dar\u0259\u00e7ilik Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n Tarix kafedras\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdiri, \u0259m\u0259kdar m\u00fc\u0259llim<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Elmar H\u0259s\u0259novun t\u0259qdimat\u0131<\/strong>(Fb)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Birinci hiss\u0259 Xalq \u00f6z tarixini ac\u0131lar\u0131 v\u0259 sevincl\u0259ri il\u0259 b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nib bildikd\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 daha ay\u0131q bax\u0131r, n\u00f6vb\u0259ti s\u0131naqlara haz\u0131r olur. 96 il \u00f6nc\u0259 ba\u015f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8843,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarix"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8839","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8839"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8839\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8842,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8839\/revisions\/8842"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8843"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8839"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}