\u201c\u018fhs\u0259n \u0259t-t\u0259varix\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f-t\u00fcrk d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc olmu\u015f H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Rumlu XVI \u0259sr \u00f6zb\u0259kl\u0259ri, \u0259slind\u0259 is\u0259, mo\u011follar bar\u0259sind\u0259 \u201cdarg\u00f6zl\u00fc\u201d ifad\u0259sini d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259tmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u018flav\u0259 olaraq, onlar\u0131 sar\u0131 b\u0259nizli, t\u00fcks\u00fcz, amma qal\u0131n qa\u015fl\u0131, ya\u015f\u0131l g\u00f6zl\u00fc, iri ba\u015fl\u0131 v\u0259 \u00e7\u0259n\u0259li adamlar kimi t\u0259svir etmi\u015fdir. H\u0259min \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259r is\u0259, monqoloid irqind\u0259n daha \u00e7ox turanid irqin\u0259 xasd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ha\u015fiy\u0259. \u0130ngilis antropoloqu John Randal Baker (1900\u20131984) \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201cRace\u201d (\u0130rq) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131nda turanid irqini avropoid irqinin bir qrupu hesab etmi\u015fdir. Sovet antropoloqu Nikolay Nikolayevi\u00e7 \u00c7eboksarovun (1907\u20131980) fikrinc\u0259 is\u0259, turanid irqi monqoloid irqinin bir qrupudur. Z\u0259nnimizc\u0259, J.R.Bakerin iddias\u0131 h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259 daha yax\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259ni d\u0259 qeyd ed\u0259k ki, indiki \u00f6zb\u0259k xalq\u0131 il\u0259 XVI \u0259sr \u00f6zb\u0259kl\u0259rini eynil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k olmaz. M\u00fcasir \u00f6zb\u0259k xalq\u0131 Orta Asiyan\u0131n q\u0259dim \u0259halisi olmu\u015f t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259m\u0259sidir. Bu xalq XIII \u0259sr\u0259d\u0259k Xar\u0259zm t\u00fcrk\u00fc, XVI \u0259sr\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r \u00c7a\u011fatay t\u00fcrk\u00fc v\u0259 ya sad\u0259c\u0259 t\u00fcrk adlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
XVI \u0259srd\u0259 \u015eeyb\u0259k xan Cu\u00e7inin (1451\u20131510) ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00f6zb\u0259k adl\u0131 bir mo\u011fol tayfas\u0131 Sibird\u0259n g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k Mav\u0259ra\u00fcnn\u0259hr v\u0259 Xar\u0259zmi, y\u0259ni indiki \u00d6zb\u0259kistan\u0131 \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irmi\u015f, el\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259n \u00f6zb\u0259k etnonimi ortaya \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Rumlunun \u015feirl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u0259linc\u0259, o, b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fckd\u0259 \u00f6zb\u0259k xalq\u0131n\u0131 deyil, XVI \u0259srd\u0259 Sibird\u0259n g\u0259lmi\u015f bir tayfan\u0131n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rini t\u0259svir etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Onu da vur\u011fulayaq ki, orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 Asiyada deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 Avropada bel\u0259 bir \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 vard\u0131: B\u0259z\u0259n hans\u0131sa etnosa hakim s\u00fclal\u0259nin, tayfan\u0131n ad\u0131 verilirdi. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc frans\u0131zlar etnik bax\u0131mdan \u0259sas\u0259n kelt m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li olsalar da, Fransa v\u0259 onun xalq\u0131 vaxtil\u0259 bu \u00f6lk\u0259ni z\u0259bt etmi\u015f german tayfas\u0131n\u0131n \u2013 franklar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Rumlunun m\u0259lumat\u0131 onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, XVI \u0259sr \u00f6zb\u0259kl\u0259rinin xarici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tipik deyildi. Burada m\u00fcqayis\u0259 \u00fcsulunu t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259r\u0259k salnam\u0259\u00e7inin \u00fcst\u00fc\u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 verdiyi informasiyan\u0131 a\u015fkara \u00e7\u0131xara bil\u0259rik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259f haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cdarg\u00f6zl\u00fcl\u0259r\u2026\u201d, \u201cg\u00f6zl\u0259ri qa\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda gizl\u0259nmi\u015fdir\u2026\u201d kimi ifad\u0259l\u0259r ona d\u0259lal\u0259t edir ki, q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar\u0131n \u00f6zl\u0259rinin g\u00f6z qapaqlar\u0131nda monqoloid irqinin \u0259sas \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n say\u0131lan epikantus yox idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yaxud, \u201c\u00e7\u00f6hr\u0259l\u0259ri tamam t\u00fckd\u0259n xalidir\u2026\u201d, \u201che\u00e7 birinin \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u00fckd\u0259n \u0259s\u0259r d\u0259 yoxdur\u2026\u201d, \u201csaqqals\u0131z qocalar timsal\u0131ndad\u0131r\u2026\u201d misralar\u0131na diqq\u0259t yetir\u0259k\u2026 M\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi, monqoloid v\u0259 turanid irql\u0259rinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 t\u00fck \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc nisb\u0259t\u0259n z\u0259if olur. Dem\u0259li, q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015flar bu c\u0259h\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 dig\u0259r avropoidl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7ox da f\u0259rql\u0259nmirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u018fs\u0259rinin ba\u015fqa bir yerind\u0259 is\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Rumlu XVI \u0259sr \u00f6zb\u0259kl\u0259rinin ba\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n iri oldu\u011funa i\u015far\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Bu, turanid irqini s\u0131rf monqoloid irqind\u0259n f\u0259rql\u0259ndir\u0259n \u0259sas \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. B\u0259llidir ki, orta statistik turanidin, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n mo\u011folun ba\u015f\u0131 orta statistik monqoloidin, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u00e7inlinin ba\u015f\u0131ndan iri olur. Yaz\u0131m\u0131zn \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 qeyd etdik ki, b\u0259zi miniat\u00fcrl\u0259rd\u0259 S\u0259f\u0259vi d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259ri d\u0259 bel\u0259 t\u0259svir edilmi\u015fl\u0259r. Q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f salnam\u0259\u00e7isinin yazd\u0131qlar\u0131 is\u0259 onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, h\u0259min t\u0259svirl\u0259r mo\u011fol d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn yadigar\u0131 olmu\u015f bir \u00fcslubun davam\u0131 idi. H\u0259qiq\u0259ti \u0259ks etdirm\u0259y\u0259n bu miniat\u00fcrl\u0259r yaln\u0131z orta \u0259sr r\u0259ssamlar\u0131n\u0131n b\u0259dii t\u0259x\u0259yy\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259hsulu hesab olunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Z\u0259nnimizc\u0259, S\u0259f\u0259vi salnam\u0259\u00e7isinin t\u0259qdim etdiyi m\u0259lumat\u0131n \u0259n maraql\u0131 elementi \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 daha \u00e7ox dayanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu misrad\u0131r: \u201c
\u00dczl\u0259ri qalxan t\u0259k q\u0131r\u0131\u015f-q\u0131r\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u2026\u201d. Dig\u0259r ordular kimi, s\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, Ubeyd xan\u0131n da qo\u015funu \u0259sas\u0259n g\u0259ncl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi. Sif\u0259t d\u0259risind\u0259 erk\u0259n q\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131n yaranmas\u0131 is\u0259 n\u0259 turanid, n\u0259 d\u0259 monqoloid irqinin \u0259lam\u0259ti say\u0131l\u0131r. Bel\u0259 is\u0259, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Rumlunun bu s\u00f6zl\u0259ri n\u0259yi bildirir?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Q\u0259dim Roma tarix\u00e7isi Ammian Marsellin (330\u2013395) \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201cTarix\u201d adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 hunlar haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u018fski salnam\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rin \u00e7ox az b\u0259l\u0259d oldu\u011fu hun tayfas\u0131 Meot bataql\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan (Azov d\u0259nizind\u0259n) \u015eimal Buzlu Okean\u0131na do\u011fru uzanan \u0259razid\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r v\u0259 v\u0259h\u015filikd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn h\u0259dl\u0259ri ke\u00e7ibdir. K\u00f6rp\u0259 do\u011fulan kimi onun yanaqlar\u0131nda iti silahla d\u0259rin k\u0259sikl\u0259r qoyur v\u0259 bu yolla u\u015fa\u011f\u0131n \u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 t\u00fckl\u0259rin \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 mane olma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Onlar \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u0259rini bel\u0259c\u0259 saqqals\u0131z, eyb\u0259c\u0259r v\u0259 x\u0259dim\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259y\u0259n qocalar kimi ke\u00e7irirl\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, Ammian Marsellinl\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Rumlunun Avrasiya t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri \u2013 hunlar v\u0259 mo\u011follar (XVI \u0259sr \u00f6zb\u0259kl\u0259ri) haqq\u0131nda yazd\u0131qlar\u0131 faktiki olaraq \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Lakin onlar\u0131n h\u0259r ikisi bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 yan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. IV \u0259sr hunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczl\u0259rind\u0259ki k\u0259sikl\u0259rin v\u0259 XVI \u0259sr \u00f6zb\u0259kl\u0259rinin sif\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259ki \u201cq\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u201d m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi, \u0259slind\u0259, eyni idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
VI \u0259sr qot tarix\u00e7isi \u0130ordan yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cAtilla \u00f6ld\u00fckd\u0259 hunlar \u00f6z ad\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259sini k\u0259sib \u00fczl\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259rin yaralar vurdular. Hunlar deyirl\u0259r ki, igid d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcy\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n g\u00f6z ya\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 deyil, ki\u015fil\u0259rin qan\u0131 il\u0259 a\u011flamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
VII \u0259sr \u00c7in m\u00fc\u0259llifi \u00c7jou-\u015fun q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin mat\u0259m ad\u0259tl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda bunlar\u0131 bildirmi\u015fdir: \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcm g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, d\u0259fn g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259rhumun qohumlar\u0131 qurban k\u0259sir, at \u00e7ap\u0131r v\u0259 \u00f6z sif\u0259tl\u0259rini iti silahlarla yaralay\u0131rlar\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
VIII \u0259sr Orxon\u2013Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 bel\u0259 bir yaz\u0131 vard\u0131r: \u201cG\u00f6zl\u0259rimd\u0259n ya\u015f ax\u0131r, f\u0259ryad q\u0259lbimin d\u0259rinlikl\u0259rind\u0259n g\u0259lirdi. \u0130nsanlar a\u011flay\u0131r, nal\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kirdil\u0259r. Xalq\u0131n \u00e7oxu sa\u00e7\u0131n\u0131, \u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc k\u0259sirdi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bu m\u0259lumatlar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc d\u0259 q\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin yu\u011flama m\u0259rasimi haqq\u0131ndad\u0131r. H\u0259min m\u0259rasim bar\u0259d\u0259 daha geni\u015f informasiya \u201cA\u015fura \u0259zadarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk ayini \u2013 yu\u011flama\u201d adl\u0131 m\u0259qal\u0259mizd\u0259dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Onu da vur\u011fulayaq ki, yu\u011flama m\u0259rasimi \u0259ski zamanlarda Az\u0259rbaycanda da qeyd olunmu\u015fdur. Yeri g\u0259lmi\u015fk\u0259n, dilimizd\u0259ki b\u0259zi ifad\u0259l\u0259r m\u0259hz h\u0259min ayinin yadigarlar\u0131d\u0131r: \u201cQara q\u0131yma g\u00f6zl\u0259ri qan ya\u015fla doldu\u201d (\u201cKitabi-D\u0259d\u0259 Qorqud\u201ddan), \u201cg\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n qanl\u0131 ya\u015f axd\u0131\u201d, \u201cqan a\u011flad\u0131\u201d v\u0259 s. Sonradan yu\u011flaman\u0131n s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n elemetl\u0259ri A\u015fura \u0259zadarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na (q\u0131l\u0131ncla al\u0131n yarmaq, k\u00fcr\u0259y\u0259 z\u0259ncir vurmaq), yaxud orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259ki d\u0259fn rituallar\u0131na (iti b\u0131\u00e7aqla bir qolu do\u011framaq, \u00e7iyinl\u0259ri x\u0259nc\u0259rl\u0259 k\u0259sm\u0259k, d\u0131rnaqlarla \u00fcz\u00fc c\u0131rmaq) ke\u00e7mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Oruc b\u0259y Bayat\u0131n kitab\u0131nda maraql\u0131 bir informasiya il\u0259 d\u0259 rastla\u015fd\u0131q: \u201cZad\u0259gan \u00f6ld\u00fckd\u0259 onun n\u00f6k\u0259rl\u0259ri qur\u015fa\u011fad\u0259k soyunmu\u015f halda tabutun \u00f6n\u00fcnd\u0259 gedir v\u0259 (k\u0259sici silahla) \u00f6zl\u0259rinin sa\u011f \u0259ll\u0259rini k\u0259sib do\u011fray\u0131rlar. Bunu m\u0259rhumun o\u011flanlar\u0131 da ed\u0259 bil\u0259rl\u0259r. T\u0259ziy\u0259d\u0259 qur\u015fa\u011fad\u0259k soyunmu\u015f meht\u0259rl\u0259r d\u0259 i\u015ftirak edirl\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n h\u0259r iki \u00e7iyinl\u0259rin\u0259 vurduqlar\u0131 yaralardan al qan ax\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dem\u0259li, Ubeyd xan\u0131n d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rinin \u00fczl\u0259rind\u0259ki \u201cq\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u201d he\u00e7 d\u0259 onlar\u0131n irqi \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri deyildi. Ola bilsin ki, h\u0259min \u201cq\u0131r\u0131\u015flar\u201d b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin vaxtil\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif formalarda qeyd etdikl\u0259ri yu\u011flama ayininin izl\u0259ri idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259 bil\u0259rik ki, XVI \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f\u0131n xarici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc v\u0259 fiziki tipi XXI \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fayan az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131n\u0131n xarici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc v\u0259 fiziki tipind\u0259n he\u00e7 n\u0259 il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nmirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bir s\u00f6zl\u0259, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc m\u00fcst\u0259qil Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n \u015eu\u015fan\u0131 birba\u015fa h\u00fccumla d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131ndan azad etmi\u015f x\u00fcsusi t\u0259yinatl\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn qibt\u0259 edil\u0259c\u0259k xarici g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, c\u0259sar\u0259ti v\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi z\u0259nginliyi il\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259rimiz \u00f6n\u00fcnd\u0259 sanki S\u0259f\u0259vil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin \u015fanl\u0131 q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 canland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u00fc\u0259llif: Milli Kimlik Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 Qrupunun \u00fczv\u00fc Araz \u015e\u0259hrili<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u201c\u018fhs\u0259n \u0259t-t\u0259varix\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131lba\u015f-t\u00fcrk d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc olmu\u015f H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Rumlu XVI \u0259sr \u00f6zb\u0259kl\u0259ri, \u0259slind\u0259 is\u0259, mo\u011follar bar\u0259sind\u0259 \u201cdarg\u00f6zl\u00fc\u201d ifad\u0259sini d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259tmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-91814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=91814"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91814\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":91816,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/91814\/revisions\/91816"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=91814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=91814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=91814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}