{"id":92552,"date":"2023-05-20T00:46:15","date_gmt":"2023-05-19T20:46:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=92552"},"modified":"2023-05-20T00:46:24","modified_gmt":"2023-05-19T20:46:24","slug":"%c9%99hm%c9%99d-b%c9%99y-agaoglu-iran-patriotu-panturkcu-mus%c9%99lman-islahatci-turk-mill%c9%99tcisi-v%c9%99-n%c9%99hay%c9%99t-liberal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=92552","title":{"rendered":"\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu: \u0130ran patriotu, pant\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc, m\u00fcs\u0259lman islahat\u00e7\u0131, t\u00fcrk mill\u0259t\u00e7isi v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t liberal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bu g\u00fcn-19 may XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259m Az\u0259rbaycanda, h\u0259m T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ziyal\u0131 olan \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun (A\u011fayev) v\u0259fat etdiyi g\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda 1918-ci il Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti qurucular\u0131 il\u0259, 1923-c\u00fc ild\u0259 is\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin qurucusu Mustafa Kamal Atat\u00fcrkl\u0259 birg\u0259 bu g\u0259nc respublikalar\u0131n bayra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu kimdir? Onun siyasi h\u0259yat yolu n\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7ib?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Britaniya Akademiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcxbir \u00fczv\u00fc v\u0259 Queen Mary Universitetinin \u00fczv\u00fc Dr. Harun Yilmaz BBC News Az\u0259rbaycanca \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yaz\u0131b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n apar\u0131c\u0131 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olub. 1869-cu ild\u0259 \u015eu\u015fada anadan olub, 1939-cu ild\u0259 \u0130stanbulda v\u0259fat edib. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun bir insan kimi yaln\u0131z bir h\u0259yat\u0131 var idi. Amma onun siyasi \u00f6m\u00fcr yolunun \u00e7oxlu f\u0259sill\u0259ri olub. O, m\u00fcasirl\u0259ri kimi Az\u0259rbaycanda, Rusiyada, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 v\u0259 \u0130randa b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259r\u0259 \u015fahidlik edib. Bu d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rl\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r onun siyasi ideyalar\u0131 da inki\u015faf edib, d\u0259yi\u015fib.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130ran patriotu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1888-ci ild\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu t\u0259hsil almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Paris\u0259 gedir. G\u0259nc A\u011fao\u011flunun Rusiya imperiyas\u0131na m\u0259xsus pasportu olsa da, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc iranl\u0131 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bu kimlik etnik m\u0259nsubiyy\u0259t deyildi. Bu kimlikd\u0259 \u0130ran imperiyas\u0131 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif etnikl\u0259rin (t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin, \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259rin, farslar\u0131n v\u0259 s.) b\u00f6y\u00fck bir diyar\u0131 idi. A\u011fao\u011flunun m\u00f6vqeyi he\u00e7 d\u0259 t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc deyildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O, m\u00fcasir milli kimlikl\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259lki son n\u0259slin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si idi. Onun m\u0259d\u0259ni m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yi din, m\u0259zh\u0259b v\u0259 yerli idar\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r (xanl\u0131qlar) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. XIX \u0259srd\u0259 Qaraba\u011f da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 ya \u015eirvan\u0131n yaylalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7ar v\u0259 ya Sultan s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tind\u0259n daha \u00e7ox \u015eah yurdu il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ri daha g\u00fccl\u00fc idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u011fao\u011flu Fransada oldu\u011fu m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 Parisd\u0259 frans\u0131z \u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnaslar\u0131, tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri v\u0259 yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. Frans\u0131zlar onu istedadl\u0131 v\u0259 perspektivli g\u0259nc \u0130ran ziyal\u0131s\u0131 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Bu frans\u0131z ziyal\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259yi say\u0259sind\u0259 o, Fransan\u0131n n\u00fcfuzlu jurnallar\u0131nda \u0130ran haqq\u0131nda m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259rc etdirirdi. A\u011fao\u011flu \u0130ran\u0131n m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti, siyas\u0259ti, q\u0259dim tarixi haqq\u0131nda yaz\u0131rd\u0131. G\u0259nc A\u011fao\u011flu islam\u0131n \u015fanl\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u0259rini t\u00fcrk v\u0259 monqollar\u0131n sonland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. O, s\u00fcnni osmanl\u0131lar\u0131 \u0130slam d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 zidd olmaqda g\u00fcnahland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn iranl\u0131lar v\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n \u0130ran versiyas\u0131 (\u015fi\u0259) m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u0130slam\u0131n ikinci y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015finin qurucular\u0131 ola bil\u0259rdi, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar\u0131n q\u0259dim sivilizasiyas\u0131 var idi. A\u011fayevin ideyalar\u0131 o d\u00f6vr\u00fcn Avropa \u015f\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnaslar\u0131nk\u0131 il\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259\u015firdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u018fhm\u0259d<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcs\u0259lman islahat\u00e7\u0131 v\u0259 M\u00fcs\u0259lman Birliyinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7isi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1893-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d A\u011fao\u011flu g\u0259nc Q\u0259rb t\u0259hsilli publisist kimi Qafqaza qay\u0131d\u0131r. Onun t\u0259sirli profili var idi. O, g\u0259nc olmas\u0131na baxmayaraq, d\u00fcnya miqyas\u0131nda m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t m\u0259rk\u0259zi olan Parisd\u0259 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rini \u00e7ap etdirm\u0259yi bacarm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Paris Universitetini bitirmi\u015f v\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 dil bilirdi. T\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc deyildi ki, o vaxtlar A\u011fao\u011flu \u015eu\u015fada \u201cfir\u0259ng \u018fhm\u0259d\u201d l\u0259q\u0259biyl\u0259 tan\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u011fao\u011flu Qafqaza qay\u0131td\u0131qdan sonra \u0130ran m\u0259rk\u0259zli ideyalar\u0131n\u0131 arxada qoydu. \u0130ndi o, sad\u0259c\u0259 olaraq, m\u00fcs\u0259lman v\u0259 ya rusiyal\u0131 m\u00fcs\u0259lman idi. Y\u0259qin ki, publisist v\u0259 siyas\u0259t\u00e7i kimi t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259si sonrak\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 onun fikirl\u0259rini d\u0259yi\u015fmi\u015fdi. A\u011fao\u011flu 1905-ci il inqilab\u0131 zaman\u0131 etnik toqqu\u015fmalar\u0131n \u015fahidi olmu\u015f, ilk kitablar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259\u015fr etdirmi\u015f, Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 q\u0259zetl\u0259rin (\u201cH\u0259yat\u201d v\u0259 \u201c\u0130r\u015fad\u201d) redaktoru olmu\u015f, siyasi f\u0259al olmu\u015f, Bak\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r Dumas\u0131na deputat se\u00e7ilmi\u015fdir. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 biz A\u011fao\u011flunu Rusiya m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u0131n birliyini v\u0259 h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lman islahat\u00e7\u0131 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar \u00f6z h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259li idil\u0259r. A\u011fao\u011flu \u00f6z yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda g\u00fccl\u00fc islahat h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131 da m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edirdi. \u0130slam m\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi q\u00fcvv\u0259 idi, lakin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 r\u00fctb\u0259li ruhanil\u0259r cahil idil\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn standart institutlar olmal\u0131yd\u0131. Bu institutlar\u0131n m\u00fcasir t\u0259dris proqram\u0131 olmal\u0131yd\u0131. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259 des\u0259k, \u0130slam dini m\u0259zh\u0259b ayr\u0131-se\u00e7kiliyi yaradan m\u0259nf\u0259\u0259tp\u0259r\u0259st v\u0259 savads\u0131z din xadiml\u0259rind\u0259n xilas edilm\u0259li idi. O d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan ziyal\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda qad\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131 daha bir m\u00fcasir problem idi. A\u011fao\u011flunun fikrinc\u0259, \u0259sl \u0130slam qad\u0131nlar\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 qoruyub. Bu fikirl\u0259r Rusiya imperiyas\u0131 daxilind\u0259 Tatar\u0131stan v\u0259 Orta Asiyada dig\u0259r m\u00fcs\u0259lman islahat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131nk\u0131 il\u0259 \u00fcst-\u00fcst\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc. A\u011fao\u011flu m\u00fcs\u0259lman Qafqaz\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcm islahat\u00e7\u0131 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pant\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1909-cu ild\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu Bak\u0131dan \u0130stanbula k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr. \u00c7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin repressiyalar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131nda G\u0259nc T\u00fcrk \u0130nqilab\u0131 (1908) bu k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn arxas\u0131nda duran amill\u0259r idi. \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y uzun ill\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259l Parisd\u0259 s\u00fcrg\u00fcnd\u0259 olan osmanl\u0131 islahat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 v\u0259 inqilab\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. \u0130ndi bu adamlar h\u00f6kum\u0259td\u0259 idi. Yeni Osmanl\u0131 idar\u0259si onu m\u0259kt\u0259b m\u00fcf\u0259tti\u015fi, sonra is\u0259 S\u00fcleymaniyy\u0259 kitabxanas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdiri t\u0259yin etdi. O, h\u0259m\u00e7inin Dar\u00fclf\u00fcnunda (islahatdan \u0259vv\u0259lki \u0130stanbul Universiteti) rus v\u0259 t\u00fcrk-monqol tarixind\u0259n d\u0259rs deyirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O, 1911-ci ild\u0259 \u201cT\u00fcrk Yurdu\u201d adl\u0131 t\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n qurucular\u0131ndan biri oldu. A\u011fao\u011flu h\u0259m d\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 parlamentinin \u00fczv\u00fc se\u00e7ildi v\u0259 1912-ci ild\u0259 \u0130ttihat v\u0259 T\u0259r\u0259qqi Komit\u0259sinin M\u0259rk\u0259zi Komit\u0259sin\u0259 daxil oldu. 1915-ci ild\u0259 \u0130stanbulda Rusiyadak\u0131 T\u00fcrk-Tatar M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u0131n H\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 M\u00fcdafi\u0259si t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131 yaratd\u0131. Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131na k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fckd\u0259n sonra m\u00fcs\u0259lman islahat\u00e7\u0131 A\u011fao\u011flu getdikc\u0259 daha \u00e7ox t\u00fcrk birliyinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259\u00e7isi oldu. \u018fslind\u0259, Osmanl\u0131 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131 da h\u0259min ill\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanl\u0131qdan t\u00fcrk kimliyin\u0259 ke\u00e7idin \u015fahidi olmu\u015f v\u0259 bu ke\u00e7id\u0259 \u015f\u0259rait yaratm\u0131\u015flar. A\u011fao\u011flu m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 islamla t\u00fcrkl\u00fcy\u00fcn uy\u011funlu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. O, yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lman t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin birliyini t\u0259bli\u011f edirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u018fhm\u0259d
\u015e\u0259klin alt yaz\u0131s\u0131,\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu 1918-ci ild\u0259 milli h\u00f6kum\u0259t qurulandan sonra x\u00fcsusi q\u0259rarla T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycana m\u00fc\u0259llim d\u0259v\u0259t olunmas\u0131nda, d\u0259rslik g\u0259tirilm\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck xidm\u0259tl\u0259ri g\u00f6st\u0259rib<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1918-ci ild\u0259 \u0130slam Ordusu Az\u0259rbaycana y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f ed\u0259nd\u0259 A\u011fao\u011flu h\u0259rbi komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n siyasi m\u00fc\u015faviri idi. O, Osmanl\u0131 h\u0259rbi r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi Az\u0259rbaycan liderl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda vasit\u0259\u00e7ilik rolunu oynam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1918-ci ilin sonunda A\u011fao\u011flu Paris S\u00fclh Konfrans\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin \u00fczv\u00fc olur v\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259rk edir. O vaxt bilm\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, bu, onun Az\u0259rbaycandan sonuncu gedi\u015fi idi. 1919-cu ilin mart\u0131nda ingilis q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri onu \u0130stanbulda h\u0259bs etdil\u0259r v\u0259 \u0130ttihat v\u0259 T\u0259r\u0259qqi Komit\u0259sinin dig\u0259r apar\u0131c\u0131 \u00fczvl\u0259ri il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 Malta adas\u0131na s\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6nd\u0259rdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u018fhm\u0259d
\u015e\u0259klin alt yaz\u0131s\u0131,\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu (\u00f6n s\u0131rada soldan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc) Mustafa Kamal Atat\u00fcrkl\u0259 (\u00f6n s\u0131rada sa\u011fdan birinci)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk mill\u0259t\u00e7isi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1921-ci ild\u0259 A\u011fao\u011flu Malta \u0259sirl\u0259rinin t\u00fcrk mill\u0259t\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0259sir g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ingilis zabitl\u0259ri il\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fdirilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fcqavil\u0259 \u00e7\u0259r\u00e7iv\u0259sind\u0259 azad edildi. S\u0259rb\u0259st burax\u0131ld\u0131qdan sonra Ankaraya getdi v\u0259 orada Mustafa Kamala v\u0259 t\u00fcrk mill\u0259t\u00e7il\u0259rin\u0259 qo\u015fuldu. Sonrak\u0131 onillikd\u0259 biz A\u011fao\u011flunu T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 t\u00fcrk mill\u0259t\u00e7iliyinin t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 kimi g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Onun yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda pant\u00fcrkist ideyalar t\u0259dric\u0259n yoxa \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131. O, 1923-c\u00fc ild\u0259 C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin elan edilm\u0259sinin g\u00fccl\u00fc t\u0259r\u0259fdar\u0131 oldu. A\u011fao\u011flu parlament\u0259 deputat se\u00e7ildi v\u0259 1924-c\u00fc il konstitusiyas\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda f\u0259al i\u015ftirak etdi. O, iddia edirdi ki, ilk \u0130slam \u00f6z x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259rini se\u00e7ib. O, islami \u00fcmm\u0259tin konsensus prinsipinin milli suverenlik v\u0259 c\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t\u00e7ilikl\u0259 eyni oldu\u011funu bildirdi. Eyni zamanda o, islami \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259ri t\u00fcrkl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k ist\u0259yirdi v\u0259 lat\u0131n \u0259lifbas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259bulu v\u0259 ya Quran v\u0259 azan\u0131n t\u00fcrk dilin\u0259 t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259si kimi bir \u00e7ox radikal sosial islahatlar\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259yirdi. T\u00fcrk mill\u0259t\u00e7iliyi onun daha b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259qs\u0259di olan Q\u0259rb\u00e7ilik v\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259qqiy\u0259 nail olmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutdu\u011fu bir add\u0131m idi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u018fhm\u0259d<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Liberal<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1930-cu ill\u0259rd\u0259, siyasi s\u0259yah\u0259tinin son m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu, f\u0259rdi azadl\u0131qlara v\u0259 h\u00fcquqlara h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259kind\u0259n daha \u00e7ox d\u0259y\u0259r verirdi. T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 yeni rejim m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259n\u0259rk\u0259n ictimai v\u0259 siyasi sferalar getdikc\u0259 avtoritarla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A\u011fao\u011flu 1930-cu ild\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcxalif\u0259t partiyas\u0131 olan Azad Respublika Partiyas\u0131n\u0131n (S\u0259rbest C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t F\u0131rkas\u0131) qurucular\u0131ndan biri oldu. Partiya 4 aydan sonra ba\u011fland\u0131. H\u0259min t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259d\u0259n sonra A\u011fao\u011flunun yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda liberal ideyalar daha qabar\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcruz\u0259 verdi. O, rejimin m\u0259rk\u0259zi s\u0131ralar\u0131ndan k\u0259nara s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qca v\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc real m\u00fcxalif\u0259t m\u00f6vqeyind\u0259 g\u00f6rd\u00fckc\u0259, bir o q\u0259d\u0259r liberalla\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. A\u011fao\u011flu bel\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lirdi ki, \u015e\u0259rq m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259sas azadl\u0131qlar\u0131n olmamas\u0131 \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259 geriliyin bilavasit\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bidir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc ki, \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259, \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, f\u0259rdl\u0259r\u0259 azad h\u0259yat imkan\u0131 verilmir. Daha do\u011frusu, f\u0259rdl\u0259r despotik rejiml\u0259r alt\u0131nda bo\u011fulur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flu h\u0259m Az\u0259rbaycanda, h\u0259m d\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6n\u0259mli bir ziyal\u0131 idi. Eyni zamanda, onun h\u0259yat\u0131 XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Zaqafqaziya v\u0259 Osmanl\u0131 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcbariz\u0259sini n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirir. O, geni\u015f spektrli t\u0259sirl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. A\u011fao\u011flu imkans\u0131z v\u0259 z\u0259if inki\u015faf etmi\u015f xalq\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sisteml\u0259r v\u0259 ideyalar axtar\u0131rd\u0131. Eyni zamanda, o, m\u0259d\u0259ni kimliyini v\u0259 m\u00fcasir ideyalar\u0131n\u0131 bir araya g\u0259tirm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Dem\u0259k olar ki, onun fikri s\u0259yah\u0259ti bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 bizim \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fch\u00fcm \u00f6rn\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu g\u00fcn-19 may XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259m Az\u0259rbaycanda, h\u0259m T\u00fcrkiy\u0259d\u0259 tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ziyal\u0131 olan \u018fhm\u0259d b\u0259y A\u011fao\u011flunun (A\u011fayev) v\u0259fat etdiyi g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Az\u0259rbaycanda 1918-ci il Az\u0259rbaycan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-92552","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gundm"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92552","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=92552"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92552\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":92554,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/92552\/revisions\/92554"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=92552"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=92552"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=92552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}