Yuxu, orqanizmin xarici d\u00fcnya il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259sinin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u00fcurlu zehni f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin qism\u0259n z\u0259ifl\u0259diyi bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259tdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yuxu b\u0259d\u0259nin dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn orqan v\u0259 sisteml\u0259rin\u0259 — beyin, \u00fcr\u0259k v\u0259 a\u011fciy\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n tutmu\u015f immun v\u0259 sinir sisteml\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r b\u0259rpaedici t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, xroniki yuxu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fcr\u0259k-damar x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri, diabet, depressiya v\u0259 piyl\u0259nm\u0259 d\u0259 daxil olmaqla bir \u00e7ox x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin yaranma riskini art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Keyfiyy\u0259tli yuxu ya\u015famaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn su v\u0259 yem\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r vacibdir. Johns Hopkins \u0130nstitutunun aliml\u0259ri yuxunun kritik \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini ac insanla h\u0259ddind\u0259n art\u0131q yor\u011fun insan aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rql\u0259 izah edirl\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n fikrinc\u0259, orqanizm \u00f6z\u00fc ac insan\u0131 he\u00e7 n\u0259 yem\u0259y\u0259 \u201cm\u0259cbur etm\u0259k\u201d iqtidar\u0131nda deyil. Ancaq bir insan \u00e7ox yor\u011fun olduqda, vacib bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u0259 v\u0259 ya avtomobil idar\u0259 ed\u0259rk\u0259n, b\u0259d\u0259n onu «s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u0259» bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130nsanlar yuxunu nec\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259ndil\u0259r<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130nsanlar h\u0259r zaman yuxunun v\u0259 yuxular\u0131n t\u0259bi\u0259ti il\u0259 maraqlanm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7ox vaxt bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti mistik x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirmi\u015fl\u0259r. Q\u0259dim yunan mifologiyas\u0131nda yuxu tanr\u0131s\u0131 Hypnos gec\u0259 ilah\u0259si Nikta il\u0259 qaranl\u0131q tanr\u0131s\u0131 Erebusun o\u011flu v\u0259 \u00f6l\u00fcm tanr\u0131s\u0131 Thanatosun \u0259kiz qarda\u015f\u0131 idi. Tibb tanr\u0131s\u0131 Asklepinin kahinl\u0259ri yuxu vasit\u0259siyl\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fcalic\u0259si il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olurdular v\u0259 onun m\u0259b\u0259dl\u0259ri — asklepionlar ilk sa\u011flaml\u0131q m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fiziologiya v\u0259 psixologiyan\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131 il\u0259 insanlar yuxunun t\u0259bi\u0259tini daha d\u0259rind\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Refleksl\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sini inki\u015faf etdir\u0259n rus fizioloqu \u0130van Se\u00e7enov yuxunun beynin xarici stimullara refleks reaksiyas\u0131 oldu\u011funa inan\u0131rd\u0131. O, yuxunu «t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcratlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si» kimi t\u0259svir etdi. Ali sinir f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti doktrinas\u0131n\u0131 yaradan Nobel m\u00fckafat\u0131 laureat\u0131 \u0130van Pavlov yuxunu beyin strukturlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcmumi «qoruyucu» inhib\u0259si hesab edirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1892-ci ild\u0259 fizioloq Mariya Manaseinan\u0131n «Yuxu insan h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc hiss\u0259si v\u0259 ya yuxunun fiziologiyas\u0131, patologiyas\u0131, gigiyenas\u0131 v\u0259 psixologiyas\u0131» kitab\u0131 n\u0259\u015fr olundu. Yuxu probleml\u0259rin\u0259 dair d\u00fcnyada ilk monoqrafiyadak\u0131 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259l\u0259rinin bir hiss\u0259si olaraq Manaseina yuxunun ya\u015famaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qidadan daha vacib oldu\u011funu iddia edirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yuxunun elmi t\u0259dqiqat\u0131n\u0131n atas\u0131 Amerikal\u0131 neyrofizioloq, Ki\u015finyovdan olan Nathaniel Kleitman hesab olunur. O, yuxusuzlu\u011fun t\u0259sirl\u0259rini eksperimental olaraq ara\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131, b\u0259z\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc m\u00f6vzu olaraq istifad\u0259 etdi. Bir d\u0259f\u0259 115 saat yuxusuz qald\u0131 v\u0259 hal\u00fcsinasiyalar g\u00f6r\u0259r\u0259k q\u0131\u015fq\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cBu, sistem\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 olduqlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcndir\u201d. Daha sonra dedi ki, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc h\u0259mkar\u0131 il\u0259 h\u0259mkarlar ittifaqlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda q\u0259z\u0259bli m\u00fcbahis\u0259 edirmi\u015f kimi hiss edir. 1938-ci ild\u0259 yuxu-oyanma d\u00f6vrl\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259rk\u0259n, Kleitman alt\u0131 h\u0259ft\u0259 Kentukkid\u0259ki bir ma\u011farada yerin alt\u0131nda qalaraq g\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00fcni \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 28 saat «uzatma\u011fa» \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Lakin bioloji saat\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rlamaq c\u0259hdind\u0259n he\u00e7 n\u0259 al\u0131nmad\u0131. Uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t yuxusuz qalma\u011f\u0131n i\u015fg\u0259nc\u0259 oldu\u011funu qeyd ed\u0259n Kleitman, yor\u011fun insan\u0131n yatmas\u0131na icaz\u0259 verildiyi m\u00fcdd\u0259tc\u0259 h\u0259r \u015feyi etiraf etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131r olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ayr\u0131-ayr\u0131l\u0131qda yuxular\u0131 da psixologiya tez-tez \u00f6yr\u0259nirdi. 1900-c\u00fc ild\u0259 psixoanalizin banisi Ziqmund Freyd yuxunun insan psixi sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini ara\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 «Yuxular\u0131n \u015f\u0259rhi» kitab\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259\u015fr etdi. Onun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yuxular insan\u0131n a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 v\u0259 ya qada\u011fan olunmu\u015f t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 v\u0259 arzularla qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u015f\u00fcursuzlu\u011fa aparan \u0259sas yolu\u201ddur. Freyd yuxulardan psixoterapiyada istifad\u0259 edir, onlar\u0131n gizli m\u0259nalar\u0131n\u0131 de\u015fifr\u0259 edir v\u0259 yuxulardan real h\u0259yata ipl\u0259r \u00e7\u0259kirdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Yuxu, orqanizmin xarici d\u00fcnya il\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259sinin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 \u015f\u00fcurlu zehni f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin qism\u0259n z\u0259ifl\u0259diyi bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259tdir. Yuxu b\u0259d\u0259nin dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn orqan v\u0259<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":94355,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94354","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundm"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94354","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=94354"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94354\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":94356,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94354\/revisions\/94356"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/94355"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=94354"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=94354"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=94354"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}