{"id":94579,"date":"2023-08-19T11:17:05","date_gmt":"2023-08-19T07:17:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=94579"},"modified":"2023-08-19T11:17:24","modified_gmt":"2023-08-19T07:17:24","slug":"az%c9%99rbaycan-adinin-m%c9%99nasini-izah-ed%c9%99n-12-f%c9%99rziyy%c9%99-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=94579","title":{"rendered":"AZ\u018fRBAYCAN ADININ M\u018fNASINI \u0130ZAH ED\u018fN 12 F\u018fRZ\u0130YY\u018f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>III hiss\u0259<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As tayfas\u0131 v\u0259 toponomik m\u00fc\u0259mmalar: Rusiyada \u015eamax\u0131 \u00e7ay\u0131, B\u0259rd\u0259 da\u011f\u0131, T\u0259briz rayonu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az\u0259rbaycan toponimil\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 oxucuya t\u0259qdim etdiyimiz onuncu f\u0259rziyy\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan tarix\u00e7isi, akademik Mahmud \u0130smay\u0131lova (1920\u20132002) m\u0259xsusdur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"10\">\n<li>\u201cAz\u0259rbaycan s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn az\u2013as hiss\u0259si \u0259ski t\u00fcrk etnonimidir. As xalq\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 q\u0259dim Orxon\u2013Yenisey yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda da t\u0259sbit olunmu\u015fdur. T\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bir qismi bu fikird\u0259dir ki, Asiya qit\u0259sinin d\u0259 ad\u0131 bu \u0259razinin \u0259n q\u0259dim sakinl\u0259ri olmu\u015f aslar\u0131n ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0259lumat \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qeyd ed\u0259k ki, tarixd\u0259 as adl\u0131 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 xalq v\u0259 tayfa olmu\u015fdur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Azlar \u2013 Orxon-Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u0259ski m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f t\u00fcrk boyudur. VIII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259dim alan xalq\u0131n\u0131n az tayfas\u0131 indiki Qazax\u0131stan v\u0259 Altay \u0259razisind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. H\u0259m q\u0259dim alanlar\u0131n, h\u0259m d\u0259 azlar\u0131n t\u00fcrkdilli olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 birm\u0259nal\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 s\u00fcbuta yetir\u0259n \u00e7ox m\u00f6t\u0259b\u0259r bir m\u0259nb\u0259nin t\u0259qdim etdiyi m\u0259lumata n\u0259z\u0259r salaq:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130slam alimi \u018fbu Reyhan ibn \u0259l-Biruni (973\u20131048) \u201cTahidd nihay\u0259t \u0259l-\u0259makin fi tashih m\u0259saf\u0259t \u0259l-m\u0259sakinu\u201d adl\u0131 \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cSu da\u015f\u0131b sola d\u00f6nd\u00fc, Xar\u0259zm v\u0259 Curcan aras\u0131ndak\u0131 s\u0259hrada yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n, bug\u00fcn Mazdubast ad\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131nan \u00e7ay\u0131n m\u0259ns\u0259bi boyunca pe\u00e7eneql\u0259rin \u00f6lk\u0259sin\u0259d\u0259k axd\u0131. Xeyli \u0259razi uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t su alt\u0131nda qald\u0131, m\u0259hv oldu. H\u0259min yerl\u0259rin sakinl\u0259ri X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin sahill\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fcl\u0259r. Bu, alan v\u0259 aslar\u0131n bir boyu (tayfas\u0131, soyu) idi. \u0130ndi onlar\u0131n dili Xar\u0259zm v\u0259 pe\u00e7eneq dill\u0259rinin qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130zah. Haz\u0131rda ba\u015fq\u0131rd, Altay, teleut, \u00e7e\u00e7en v\u0259 osetin xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq olaraq ass\u0131, yaxud a\u015fa, baylak as, t\u00f6rt as, as v\u0259 ass\u0131 adl\u0131 tayfa v\u0259 n\u0259sill\u0259r m\u00f6vcuddur. H\u0259m\u00e7inin Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0259n q\u0259dim ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri Ordubad\u0131n Aza k\u0259ndidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0259dqiqat zaman\u0131 diqq\u0259timizi \u00e7ox maraql\u0131 bir fakt da c\u0259lb etdi. Bel\u0259 ki, Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131n\u0131n Omsk vilay\u0259tind\u0259 Tevriz rayonu, Tevriz q\u0259s\u0259b\u0259si, Mal\u0131y Tevriz k\u0259ndi, Tevriz adl\u0131 \u00e7ay vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xat\u0131rladaq ki, Omsk vilay\u0259ti q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk yurdudur. Bug\u00fcn d\u0259 Tevriz rayonu \u0259halisinin 20\u201325 faizini tatarlar t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Tevriz rayonunun ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri Az\u0131 adl\u0131 tatar k\u0259ndidr. Az\u0131 adl\u0131 dig\u0259r k\u0259nd Omsk vilay\u0259tinin Ust-\u0130\u015fim rayonundad\u0131r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin Omsk vilay\u0259tinin Ust-\u0130\u015fim v\u0259 Tevriz rayonlar\u0131ndan axan iki \u00e7ay\u0131n ad\u0131 Az\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ehtimala g\u00f6r\u0259, Tevriz toponimi Tevriz \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131ndan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. \u0130ddia edilir ki, bu hidronim xant\u0131 dilind\u0259ki \u201ctay\u201d (qara) v\u0259 \u201cis\u201d (su) s\u00f6zl\u0259rind\u0259n yaranm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Z\u0259nnimizc\u0259, h\u0259min fikrin ciddi \u0259sas\u0131 yoxdur. \u00c7\u00fcnki Omsk vilay\u0259tinin s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n hiss\u0259sind\u0259 xant\u0131 xalq\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin Tevriz ad\u0131 il\u0259 \u201ctayis\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc aras\u0131nda ox\u015farl\u0131q tam deyil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lakin burada da diqq\u0259ti c\u0259lb ed\u0259n bir detal vard\u0131r. Xant\u0131 dili fin-uqor dil ail\u0259sinin uqor qrupuna aiddir. Xant\u0131lar \u00f6zl\u0259rini As-xoyat v\u0259 ya As-jah (As adamlar\u0131) adland\u0131r\u0131rlar. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, Q\u0259rbi Sibird\u0259 axan v\u0259 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n n\u0259h\u0259ng \u00e7aylar\u0131ndan biri olan Ob \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n xant\u0131 dilind\u0259ki ad\u0131 Asd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f sovet-rus tarix\u00e7isi \u0130qor Dyakonov (1914\u20131999) v\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli Az\u0259rbaycan tarix\u00e7isi, professor \u0130qrar \u018fliyev (1924\u20132004) hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n T\u0259briz \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri Assuriya h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 II Sarqona (e.\u0259. 765\u2013705) m\u0259xsus kitab\u0259d\u0259 ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f Tarmakis qalas\u0131d\u0131r. H\u0259min kitab\u0259d\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: \u201c(Mannan\u0131n) Tarmakis qalas\u0131n\u0131n divarlar\u0131 ikiqat idi. Oradan F\u0259rat \u00e7ay\u0131 q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f kanal ax\u0131r, onun \u0259traf\u0131 is\u0259 qal\u0131n me\u015f\u0259likl\u0259rin \u0259hat\u0259sind\u0259dir. \u015e\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259l binalar vard\u0131. M\u0259n Tarmakis\u0259 h\u00fccum etdikd\u0259 \u0259hali oran\u0131 t\u0259rk edib \u00e7\u00f6ll\u0259r\u0259 qa\u00e7d\u0131. Bu mahal\u0131 \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdim, h\u0259r biri istehkama \u00e7evrilmi\u015f ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259ri aras\u0131nda d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131m\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rusiyan\u0131n Omsk vilay\u0259tind\u0259 Tevriz toponiml\u0259rinin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, \u0130.Dyakonov v\u0259 \u0130.\u018fliyev Mannan\u0131n Tarmakis \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin yerini d\u00fczg\u00fcn m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ki, T\u0259briz ad\u0131n\u0131n h\u0259qiqi m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259dim assur v\u0259 ya q\u0259dim pars dilind\u0259, yaxud z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilikd\u0259 tapmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. H\u0259min toponim as\u2013alan tayfas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259lidir. Bu fikri \u0259sasland\u0131ran \u00e7oxlu misal \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259rik. H\u0259l\u0259lik onlardan yaln\u0131z ikisi il\u0259 kifay\u0259tl\u0259nirik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7elyabinsk vilay\u0259tinin Nyazepetrovsk rayonunda \u015e\u0259m\u0259x\u0259 v\u0259 ya \u015eemaxi adl\u0131 k\u0259nd var. Onun yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u015e\u0259m\u0259x\u0259 v\u0259 ya \u015eemaxi adl\u0131 \u00e7ay ax\u0131r. G\u00fcman edilir ki, \u015e\u0259m\u0259x\u0259 (\u015eemaxi) ad\u0131n\u0131 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 \u00e7ay da\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015f, sonra is\u0259 h\u0259min ad k\u0259nd\u0259 verilmi\u015fdir. Yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n bu yerind\u0259 oxucunun diqq\u0259tini kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r maraql\u0131 bir m\u0259lumata y\u00f6n\u0259ld\u0259k:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015e\u0259m\u0259x\u0259 (\u015eemaxi) k\u0259ndi 1713-c\u00fc ild\u0259 ba\u015fq\u0131rdlar\u0131n xatay tayfas\u0131n\u0131n q\u0131\u015flaq yerind\u0259 sal\u0131nm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. S\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n xatay tayfas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131 n\u0259slind\u0259n biri yalan (alan\u2013alban), dig\u0259ri is\u0259 as v\u0259 ya a\u015fa adlan\u0131r. Amma b\u0259nz\u0259rlik bununla bitmir, gerisi daha maraql\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7elyabinsk vilay\u0259tind\u0259ki \u015e\u0259m\u0259x\u0259 (\u015eemaxi) \u00e7ay\u0131 \u00f6z m\u0259ns\u0259bini xataylar\u0131n Bard\u0131 adland\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 da\u011f silsil\u0259sind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr. Tatarlar is\u0259 Bard\u0131 toponimini Barda \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259ff\u00fcz edirl\u0259r. Xat\u0131rladaq ki, IV\u2013VII \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131n\u0131n (Qafqaz Alaniyas\u0131n\u0131n) paytaxt\u0131 olmu\u015f dig\u0259r q\u0259dim \u015f\u0259h\u0259rimizin ad\u0131 B\u0259rd\u0259dir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistan\u0131n Da\u015fo\u011fuz vilay\u0259tinin \u00dcstyurt yaylas\u0131nda \u015eemaxa-qala, \u015eirvan-qala, Diyarbekir v\u0259 H\u0259l\u0259b adl\u0131 q\u0259dim \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rin xarabal\u0131qlar\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u015eirvan adl\u0131 k\u0259nd vard\u0131r. T\u0259dqiqat prosesind\u0259 bel\u0259 bir n\u0259tic\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259ldik ki, bu b\u0259nz\u0259rlik d\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi deyildir. Bel\u0259 ki, Da\u015fo\u011fuz vilay\u0259tinin \u00dcstyurt yaylas\u0131nda ya\u015fayan qarada\u015fl\u0131 t\u00fcrkm\u0259n tayfas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259ski ad\u0131 yaz\u0131r olmu\u015fdur. Yaz\u0131r is\u0259 bildiyimiz kimi, o\u011fuz elinin 24 \u0259sas boyundan biri idi. N\u00fcfuzlu sovet arxeoloqu v\u0259 tarix\u00e7isi Sergey Tolstov (1907\u20131976) o\u011fuz elinin yaz\u0131r boyunu alan xalq\u0131n\u0131n as tayfas\u0131 il\u0259 eynil\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fdir. Yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n VIII hiss\u0259sind\u0259 bu haqda daha \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat ver\u0259c\u0259yik. IV\u2013VII hiss\u0259l\u0259r is\u0259 H\u0259l\u0259b \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin ad\u0131na h\u0259sr edil\u0259c\u0259k.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Roma imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n indiki \u015eimali Makedoniya \u0259razisind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fmi\u015f \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259n birinin ad\u0131 Tauresium idi. Ostroqot kral\u0131 Theodahad (480\u2013536) v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Roma imperatoru Yustinian (482\u2013565) bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 anadan olmu\u015fdular. \u015eimali Makedoniya v\u0259 Yunan\u0131stan\u0131n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00e7aylar\u0131ndan birini makedoniyal\u0131lar (slavyanlar) Vardar, yunanlar Aksios, yerli albanlar is\u0259 Asi adland\u0131r\u0131rlar. E.\u0259. IV \u0259srd\u0259 Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rqi istila etmi\u015f makedoniyal\u0131lar (q\u0259dim yunanlar) m\u00fcasir Suriya, Livan v\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 torpaqlar\u0131ndan axan n\u0259h\u0259ng Oront \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n da ad\u0131n\u0131 Aksios qoymu\u015fdular. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r d\u0259 h\u0259min \u00e7aya Asi deyirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ard\u0131 var\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>M\u00fc\u0259llif: Milli Kimlik Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar\u0131 Qrupunun \u00fczv\u00fc Araz \u015e\u0259hrili<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>III hiss\u0259 As tayfas\u0131 v\u0259 toponomik m\u00fc\u0259mmalar: Rusiyada \u015eamax\u0131 \u00e7ay\u0131, B\u0259rd\u0259 da\u011f\u0131, T\u0259briz rayonu. Az\u0259rbaycan toponimil\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 oxucuya t\u0259qdim etdiyimiz onuncu f\u0259rziyy\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan tarix\u00e7isi,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-94579","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arasdirma"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94579","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=94579"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94579\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":94582,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94579\/revisions\/94582"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=94579"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=94579"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=94579"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}