{"id":96835,"date":"2023-11-28T10:18:27","date_gmt":"2023-11-28T06:18:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=96835"},"modified":"2023-11-28T10:18:27","modified_gmt":"2023-11-28T06:18:27","slug":"bu-gun-h%c9%99s%c9%99n-b%c9%99y-z%c9%99rdabinin-anim-gunudur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/?p=96835","title":{"rendered":"Bu g\u00fcn H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin an\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Bu g\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n banisi, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli maarif\u00e7i, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqind\u0259 islam xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7ilik h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n banisi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin an\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y M\u0259likov (Z\u0259rdabi) 1837-ci il iyunun 28-d\u0259 G\u00f6y\u00e7ay q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n Z\u0259rdab k\u0259ndind\u0259 anadan olmu\u015fdur. \u0130lk t\u0259hsilini mollaxanada alm\u0131\u015f, sonra \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r m\u0259kt\u0259bind\u0259 oxumu\u015f, orta t\u0259hsilini is\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 tamamlam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. 1861-ci ild\u0259 Moskva Universitetin\u0259 imtahans\u0131z daxil olmu\u015f, d\u00f6rd il sonra h\u0259min universitetin t\u0259bi\u0259t-riyaziyyat fak\u00fclt\u0259sini bitirmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ali t\u0259hsil oca\u011f\u0131nda oxudu\u011fu m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda x\u00fcsusi olaraq se\u00e7ildiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 fak\u00fclt\u0259ni \u0259la qiym\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u015fa vurduqdan sonra elmi i\u015f \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn universitetd\u0259 saxlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t Tiflisd\u0259 qulluq ed\u0259nd\u0259n sonra Qubada m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259d\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259mi\u015f, daha sonra 1869-cu ild\u0259 Bak\u0131ya g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k burada rusca orta m\u0259kt\u0259bd\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259n d\u0259rs dem\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. M\u00fct\u0259r\u0259qqi fikirl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259qib edildiyind\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259llimlikd\u0259n \u0259l \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f, xalq\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015f m\u0259d\u0259ni t\u0259dbirl\u0259r h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k u\u011frunda f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi Az\u0259rbaycan pe\u015f\u0259kar teatr\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndand\u0131r. Onun r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi v\u0259 dramaturqlardan N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov il\u0259 \u018fsg\u0259r a\u011fa Ad\u0131g\u00f6z\u0259lovun f\u0259al i\u015ftirak\u0131 il\u0259 1873-c\u00fc ild\u0259 M.F.Axundovun \u201cHac\u0131 Qara\u201d v\u0259 \u201cL\u0259nk\u0259ran xan\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259ziri\u201d komediyalar\u0131 tama\u015faya qoyulmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi geni\u015f ictimai f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015f, N.N\u0259rimanov il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 1906-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rinin Bak\u0131da ke\u00e7irilmi\u015f birinci qurultay\u0131n\u0131n i\u015find\u0259 yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak etmi\u015fdir. Az\u0259rbaycan qad\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n maarifl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 x\u00fcsusi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t vermi\u015f, 1901-ci ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 q\u0131zlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ilk m\u0259kt\u0259bin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u00f6m\u0259k g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. Apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u0259bli\u011fat\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 Bak\u0131 gimnaziyas\u0131nda oxuyan t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rin say\u0131 q\u0131sa zamanda xeyli \u00e7oxalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ana dilind\u0259 q\u0259zet\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck ehtiyac oldu\u011funu d\u0259rk ed\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi q\u0259zet \u00e7ap etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etmi\u015fdir. Bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar o \u0130stanbuldan h\u00fcrufat g\u0259tirtdirmi\u015f v\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, xeyli z\u0259hm\u0259td\u0259n, \u0259zab-\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n sonra 1875-ci ilin 22 iyulunda Bak\u0131da qubernator m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259sind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin n\u0259\u015frin\u0259 m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q olmu\u015fdur. Bu q\u0259zetl\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131 qoyulmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1875-ci ilin 22 iyulundan 1877-ci ilin 29 sentyabr\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 davam etdir\u0259n \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d ayda iki d\u0259f\u0259 300-400 tirajla n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015fdur. Bu ill\u0259r \u0259rzind\u0259 q\u0259zetin 56 n\u00f6mr\u0259si i\u015f\u0131q \u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259 N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirovun, \u018fsg\u0259r a\u011fa Goraninin Moskvadan, M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dta\u011f\u0131 \u018flizad\u0259 \u015eirvaninin \u015eamax\u0131dan, Heyd\u0259rinin D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n g\u00f6nd\u0259rdikl\u0259ri m\u0259ktublar, Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvaninin \u015feirl\u0259ri v\u0259 Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundovun \u201cV\u0259kili-nam\u0259lumi mill\u0259t\u201d imzas\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259ri d\u0259rc olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin d\u0259sti-x\u0259tti \u0259sas\u0259n bir ideya \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmu\u015fdur.
\u0130lk m\u0259tbu orqan kimi \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d \u00f6z \u0259sas ideyas\u0131na uy\u011fun olaraq inc\u0259s\u0259n\u0259t v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyata da aid yeni demokratik t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259r ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fcrd\u00fc. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck dramaturqu N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov k\u00f6hn\u0259 \u015feirl\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, \u015fairl\u0259ri m\u00fcasir h\u0259yatdan yazma\u011fa, xalq\u0131 c\u0259hal\u0259t v\u0259 q\u0259fl\u0259t yuxusundan ay\u0131ltma\u011fa, m\u00fcasir ruhda t\u0259rbiy\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Bununla Z\u0259rdabinin s\u0259sin\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n bir \u00e7ox g\u00f6rk\u0259mli, maarifp\u0259rv\u0259r insanlar\u0131 s\u0259s verirdi.
1877-ci il sentyabr\u0131n 29-da \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d \u00f6z n\u0259\u015frini dayand\u0131rma\u011fa m\u0259cbur oldu. Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n ilk qaranqu\u015fu olan bu q\u0259zet iki illik \u00f6m\u00fcr ya\u015fasa da xalq\u0131n milli v\u0259 m\u00fcasir ruhda t\u0259rbiy\u0259 olunmas\u0131nda \u00e7ox b\u00f6y\u00fck rol oynad\u0131. Maarif\u00e7i v\u0259 demokratik ideyalar\u0131n car\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olan \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d realist Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259d\u0259biyyat\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131nda m\u00fcst\u0259sna xidm\u0259tl\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259rdi. M\u0259hz buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bel\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259qqip\u0259rv\u0259r q\u0259zet m\u00fcrt\u0259ce, i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131 bir rejimin \u0259sar\u0259ti alt\u0131nda \u00e7ox ya\u015faya bilm\u0259di.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1880-c\u0131 ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi do\u011fma k\u0259ndi Z\u0259rdabda ya\u015fam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. O, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 k\u0259ndlil\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259r verir, m\u0259qam\u0131 yeti\u015f\u0259nd\u0259 yerli camaata \u00f6z maarifp\u0259rv\u0259r, demokratik ideyalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Bak\u0131dan k\u0259narda ya\u015famas\u0131na baxmayaraq, o yen\u0259 d\u0259 m\u0259tbuatda f\u0259al i\u015ftirak edirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1880-1890-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 na\u015firin Bak\u0131da v\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan \u201cZiya\u201d, \u201cK\u0259\u015fk\u00fcl\u201d, \u201cKaspi\u201d, \u201cNovoye obozreniye\u201d v\u0259 s. q\u0259zetl\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 rus dill\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7oxlu elmi-k\u00fctl\u0259vi m\u0259qal\u0259l\u0259ri n\u0259\u015fr olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131n son ill\u0259rind\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi Bak\u0131 \u015e\u0259h\u0259r Dumas\u0131nda maarif \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sind\u0259 r\u0259smi v\u0259zif\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015faraq Bak\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259traf k\u0259ndl\u0259rd\u0259ki m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etmi\u015fdir. 1906-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da ke\u00e7iril\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259rinin birinci qurultay\u0131nda f\u0259al n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 o olmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi 1907-ci il noyabr ay\u0131n\u0131n 28-d\u0259 v\u0259fat etmi\u015fdir. O, 1907-ci ild\u0259 k\u00f6hn\u0259 Bibiheyb\u0259t m\u0259scidinin yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u0259fn olunsa da, 1937-ci ild\u0259 h\u0259min \u0259razi da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, m\u0259rhumun s\u00fcm\u00fckl\u0259ri bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il evd\u0259 ail\u0259sinin yan\u0131nda qalm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1957-ci ild\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n B\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin v\u0259fat\u0131n\u0131n 50 illiyi qeyd olunark\u0259n onun s\u00fcm\u00fckl\u0259ri F\u0259xri Xiyabanda d\u0259fn olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Az\u0259rbaycan T\u0259bi\u0259t Tarixi Muzeyi, G\u0259nc\u0259 Pedaqoji \u0130nstitutu H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin ad\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bu g\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n banisi, g\u00f6rk\u0259mli maarif\u00e7i, b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u015e\u0259rqind\u0259 islam xeyriyy\u0259\u00e7ilik h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131n\u0131n banisi H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin an\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y M\u0259likov (Z\u0259rdabi)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":96836,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-96835","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gundm"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96835","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=96835"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96835\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":96837,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/96835\/revisions\/96837"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/96836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=96835"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=96835"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fedai.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=96835"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}